Abstract: An image pickup apparatus 100 includes an image pickup element 101 that includes a plurality of pixels that function as both imaging pixels and focus detection pixels, which is configured so that an image pickup signal that is obtained by performing photoelectric conversion in a first direction, an evaluation value generating unit 107 that generates an evaluation value of the image pickup signal, a flicker detecting unit 108 that detects variation information of illumination intensity based on the evaluation value, a flicker correction value generating unit 109 that generates a flicker correction value for performing a flicker correction for the image pickup signal based on the variation information, a multiplier 105 that performs the flicker correction for the image pickup signal based on the flicker correction value, and a vertical correlation calculating unit 114 that performs a correlation calculation in the first direction after the flicker correction is performed.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a first defect interpolation unit that interpolates a defective pixel using a pixel value of a first pixel near a specific first pixel or a pixel value of a second pixel near a specific second pixel, a second defect interpolation unit that interpolates the defective pixel using a rate of pixel values of a first pixel and a second pixel in the same micro lens near the specific first pixel and the specific second pixel, an in-focus level evaluation unit that evaluates an in-focus level using outputs of the first and second pixels, a synthesis rate switching unit that switches a synthesis rate of outputs of the first and second defect interpolation units, and a signal processing unit that generates a shot image using an output of the synthesis rate switching unit.

Abstract: A focus detection apparatus comprises: an image sensor that receives images that are formed by light that passes through different pupil regions of a photographing optical system including a focus lens, and outputs a pair of image signals; a control unit that controls to acquire a pair of image signals from the image sensor at first and second lens positions of the focus lens; a conversion unit that, by multiplying a shift amount between a pair of images representing the pair of image signals by a conversion coefficient, converts the shift amount to a defocus amount; and a calculation unit that calculates the conversion coefficient based on displacement amounts of respective ones of the pair of images representing the pair of image signals acquired at the first and second lens positions, and a displacement amount of the focus lens from the first lens position to the second lens position.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus, which quantizes M-level image data into N levels (M>N>2) using a multi-level error diffusion method or a multi-level average-error minimization method, includes a ?-conversion unit that performs ?-conversion on an integer part in a real number value after ideal gradation conversion that aims to obtain desired density or brightness, an area-gradation expressing unit that expresses a decimal part in the real number value by area gradation, an integerization unit that adds two values obtained through the ?-conversion and the area gradation to obtain an integerized value corresponding to the ideal gradation conversion, a correction unit that adds a peripheral error to the integerized value, and a threshold setting unit that sets an N?1-type threshold value for a value corresponding to the ideal gradation conversion, wherein the conversion to N levels is performed by using the correction value and the N?1-type threshold value.

Abstract: The image-pickup apparatus includes an image acquiring part respectively photoelectrically converting first and second object images respectively formed by first and second light fluxes into first image data and second image data, the first and second light fluxes being formed by dividing a light flux from an image-pickup optical system by a pupil divider, and photoelectrically converting a third object image formed by a third light flux of the light flux from the image-pickup optical system into third image data, the third light flux being not divided by the pupil divider, and a split image generating part which generates split image data to be displayed in the third image data. The split image generating part generates the split image data based on the first image data and the second image data, and adds color information extracted from the third image data to the split image data.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyester resin composition C), which comprises melt-kneading a polyester resin (A) which satisfies the following formulae (1), (2) and (3) and a polyester resin (B) which satisfies the following formula (4): P1?10??(1) 0.1?Ge1?1.5??(2) 0.001?Ge1/P1?0.15??(3) 0?P2/Ti1?80??(4) provided that in the formulae (1), (2) and (3), P1 is the content (mol) of phosphorus atoms and Ge1 is the content (mol) of germanium atoms, per ton of the polyester resin (A), and in the formula (4), P2 is the content (mol) of phosphorus atoms and Ti1 is the content (mol) of titanium atoms, per ton of the polyester resin (B). A polyester resin composition (C) obtained by the method, and a molded product such as a film made from such a composition are also provided.

Abstract: The image-pickup apparatus includes an image acquiring part respectively photoelectrically converting first and second object images respectively formed by first and second light fluxes into first image data and second image data, the first and second light fluxes being formed by dividing a light flux from an image-pickup optical system by a pupil divider, and photoelectrically converting a third object image formed by a third light flux of the light flux from the image-pickup optical system into third image data, the third light flux being not divided by the pupil divider, and a split image generating part which generates split image data to be displayed in the third image data. The split image generating part generates the split image data based on the first image data and the second image data, and adds color information extracted from the third image data to the split image data.

Abstract: In a hydraulic tensioner, at least a part of a bar is located within a coil spring that biases a plunger in the protruding direction. The bar reduces the volume of the high pressure oil chamber of the tensioner.

Abstract: There is provided a screen that, as a screen suitable for an interactive board, can output video image light incident obliquely from the back surface side to a viewer side to display a reflection-free image and, at the same time, can realize easy handwriting on the screen surface on the viewer side. To this end, a transmission screen for an interactive board is provided that comprises at least a Fresnel lens sheet comprising a prism part on its incident light side, a light diffusing member provided on the Fresnel lens on its surface side remote from the prism part, and a hard coat layer provided on the outgoing light side of the light diffusing member.

Abstract: A composite ceramic body and a method thereof are provided. The composite ceramic body comprising a first bonding body comprising a ceramic containing Si ingredient, and a second bonding body bonded to the first bonding body through a bonding material containing, as main ingredient, a Si compound which includes the element common to the Si ingredient contained in the first bonding body. The first and second bonding bodies can be bonded strongly and uniformly without any adhesive. Since the composite ceramic body has high bonding strength, it is applicable to microchemical chips and reformers.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a condition determining device that calculates a deviation amount of image data from a normal condition and determines if the image forming apparatus is in an abnormal condition. An abnormal section specifying device specifies an abnormal section in the image forming apparatus based on a condition of the image forming apparatus. An image processing device executes image processing for abnormal use in accordance with an output of the abnormal section specifying device when the image data condition determining device determines that the image forming apparatus is in an abnormal condition. A service person call output device outputs a service person call signal indicative of calling a service person to a center when the image data condition determining device determines that the image forming apparatus is in an abnormal condition.

Abstract: A label peeling method for label sheet includes: conveying a label sheet including a base sheet and a label affixed to the base sheet along a conveying path that is bent at a bent portion; and performing a printing operation on the label from a beginning portion of printing while conveying the label sheet, wherein the conveying of the label sheet and the printing operation are stopped once in a state where the label sheet is conveyed until a conveying-direction leading end portion of the label reaches a downstream side of the bent portion of the conveying path, after a stopping state is held for a predetermined time, the conveying of the label sheet and the printing operation are resumed so that the label is peeled from the base sheet at the bent portion of the conveying path.

Abstract: A reflecting screen 10 comprises a base portion 11, light transmitting portions 12 provided on the base portion 11, and light absorbing portions 14. Each of the light transmitting portions 12 comprises a unit prism shape 12 which has a generally wedge-like shape with a larger width on the image source side than its width on the rear face side and is arranged along a screen face 10a. A reflecting layer 13 adapted to reflect the image light, which has been transmitted through the unit prism shapes 12, is provided on the rear face side of each unit prism shape 12. Each unit prism shape 12 extends linearly, and each light absorbing portion 14 is arranged between each adjacent pair of the unit prism shapes 12.

Abstract: A reflecting screen 10 comprises a base portion 11, light transmitting portions 12 provided on the base portion 11, and light absorbing portions 14. Each of the light transmitting portions 12 comprises a unit prism shape 12 which has a generally wedge-like shape with a larger width on the image source side than its width on the rear face side and is arranged along a screen face 10a. A reflecting layer 13 adapted to reflect the image light, which has been transmitted through the unit prism shapes 12, is provided on the rear face side of each unit prism shape 12. Each unit prism shape 2 extends linearly, and each light absorbing portion 14 is arranged between each adjacent pair of the unit prism shapes 12.

Abstract: Dot patterns formed by two different half-tone processes of the plurality of tone processes for each color of CMYK and formed with/without the presence and absence of transparent toner overlap are created and test patches obtained by collecting the dot patterns are printed. The printed test patches are read to generate image data, and tone correction arithmetic is performed on the basis of the image data. Concentration in the case of the presence of transparent toner in a different half-tone process is predicted based on the dot patterns with the transparent toner overlap in the test patches and concentration in the case of the absence of transparent toner in a different half-tone process is predicted based on the dot patterns without the transparent toner overlap in the test patches. The tone correction arithmetic is performed based on the predicted values.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell, a bit line, a source line, a source line driver, a sense amplifier, a counter, a detector, a controller. The sense amplifier reads the data by sensing current flowing through the bit line. The counter counts ON memory cells and/or OFF memory cells. The detector detects whether the voltage of the source line has exceeded a reference voltage. The controller controls the number of times of data sensing by the sense amplifier in accordance with the detection result in the detector, and controls a driving force of the source line driver in accordance with the count in the counter.

Abstract: A main vector: m^=(mx, my) and a sub-vector: s^=(sx, sy) determining cyclic structure of a basic matrix are defined, and a positional vector for a pixel configuring the basic matrix Pi^=(Pix, Piy) is defined, where the suffix i denotes an i-th pixel configuring the basic matrix. Then, the pixels configuring the basic matrix are arranged in such a manner as to satisfy the cyclic structure, and transformation of Pi^?Pi^+km^+ls^ is carried out where k and l are arbitrary integers, and may be negative values. Then a new shape of the basic matrix is obtained with Pi^+km^+ls^ as a new pixel positional vector Pi^.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus, which quantizes M-level image data into N levels (M>N>2) using a multi-level error diffusion method or a multi-level average-error minimization method, includes a ?-conversion unit that performs ?-conversion on an integer part in a real number value after ideal gradation conversion that aims to obtain desired density or brightness, an area-gradation expressing unit that expresses a decimal part in the real number value by area gradation, an integerization unit that adds two values obtained through the ?-conversion and the area gradation to obtain an integerized value corresponding to the ideal gradation conversion, a correction unit that adds a peripheral error to the integerized value, and a threshold setting unit that sets an N?1-type threshold value for a value corresponding to the ideal gradation conversion, wherein the conversion to N levels is performed by using the correction value and the N?1-type threshold value.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an integer-part converting unit configured to convert multi-level image data into integer image data by referring to a first conversion table, a threshold setting unit configured to generate matrix data for performing area coverage modulation by referring to the multi-level image data, a decimal-part converting unit configured to convert the multi-level image data into decimal image data by referring to a second conversion table, a level reducing unit configured to reduce levels of the decimal image data by using a threshold generated in the threshold setting unit, an adding unit configured to add the integer image data to the level-reduced decimal image data and outputting a result of addition as gamma conversion image data, and an image processing unit configured to perform image processing on the gamma conversion image data.

Abstract: There are provided: a method for forming a shining coating film which can form a coating film extremely excellent in a leveling property and a brightness with good workability and can also realize the reduction of environmental burden; and a coated article excellent in a design property obtained by this method. In a method comprising the steps of sequentially coating a shining material-containing solvent type first base coat coating, a shining material-containing solvent type second base coat coating and a top clear coating onto a base material and baking a formed multilayered coating film at the same time, an improvement is made so that the resin composition and coating nonvolatile concentration of the first and second base coat coatings and the amount of nonvolatiles in the first and second base coating films will have specific conditions.