Abstract: A reverse-flow prevention circuit includes: an n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor having an anode terminal, a cathode terminal, and a control terminal; a reference voltage node; an output voltage node; a first rectifier element, a second rectifier element, and a third rectifier element; a secondary-side winding of a transformer having a center tap terminal; a voltage regulator having an input terminal, an output terminal, and a reference voltage terminal; and a transistor having a high-voltage terminal, a low-voltage terminal, and a control terminal.

Abstract: A transient current in a rectifier circuit is efficiently reduced. In a rectifier circuit, a first rectifier is provided between the first terminal and a second terminal. In the rectifier circuit, when a switch element is turned ON, a primary winding current flows from a power source to a primary winding in a transformer. When the switch element is turned OFF, a second rectifier current flows from a secondary winding in the transformer to a second rectifier. When the second rectifier current flows, a first reverse voltage is applied between the first terminal and the second terminal. The first reverse voltage is a reverse voltage applied instantaneously.

Abstract: A relay control circuit is configured to control opening and closing of a contact of a non-latch relay that includes the contact and a coil configured to operate the contact. The relay control circuit includes: a low-voltage power supply; a high-voltage power supply; a first transistor; a rectifying element; and a reference voltage node. A high-voltage terminal of the first transistor is connected to a positive electrode of the high-voltage power supply. A low-voltage terminal of the first transistor is connected to one end of the coil. An anode of the rectifying element is connected to a positive electrode of the low-voltage power supply. A cathode of the rectifying element is connected to one end of the coil. A negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply, a negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply, and the other end of the coil are connected to the reference voltage node.

Abstract: A relay control circuit configured to control opening and closing of a contact of a non-latch relay, the non-latch relay including the contact and a coil configured to operate the contact, the relay control circuit comprises a high-voltage power supply; a low-voltage power supply; a power supply switching circuit; a first capacitor; and a reference voltage node, wherein the power supply switching circuit and one end of the first capacitor are connected to one end of the coil, the other end of the first capacitor and the reference voltage node are connected to the other end of the coil, and the power supply switching circuit is configured to switch a power supply connected to the one end. of the coil between the high-voltage power supply and the low-voltage power supply.

Abstract: A transformer connection method for a transformer includes a first high-frequency terminal configured as a first end of a first plate winding, a second high-frequency terminal configured as a first end of a second plate winding, and a direct current terminal connected to a second end of the first plate winding and a second end of the second plate winding. The transformer connection method comprises connecting the first high-frequency terminal and the second high-frequency terminal to a circuit board to cause the first high-frequency terminal and the second high-frequency terminal to be upright from a surface of the circuit board; and connecting the direct current terminal to a component or to the circuit board connecting with the component, the direct current terminal extending from a portion between the transformer and the circuit board to an outside.

Abstract: A transient current in a rectifier circuit is effectively reduced. In the rectifier circuit, a current flows from a power supply to a coil when a transistor is turned ON. When the transistor is turned OFF, the current of the coil flows into a second rectifier.

Abstract: A snubber circuit connected to a rectifying circuit including a reference potential node, an output potential node, and the snubber circuit comprises a snubber capacitor; a snubber diode; and a snubber resistor, wherein a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor is connected to the reference potential node, an anode of the snubber diode is connected to the switch node and a cathode of the snubber diode is connected to a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, one end of the snubber resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, and another end of the snubber resistor is connected to the output potential node, and a reverse recovery time of the snubber diode is longer than a reverse recovery time of the rectifying element.

Abstract: In a half-bridge circuit, in a case that a first transistor element is turned ON, a primary winding current flows from a power supply to a primary winding. Then, in a case that the first transistor element is turned OFF, (i) a first rectifying element current flows from a secondary winding to a first rectifying element, or (ii) a second rectifying element current flows from a tertiary winding to a second rectifying element.

Abstract: A snubber circuit connected to a switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit including a higher side switch element connected between a high potential node and a switch node, a lower side switch element connected between the switch node and a reference potential node, and a bypass capacitor connected between the high potential node and the reference potential node, the snubber circuit comprising: a snubber capacitor; a diode; and a coil, wherein a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor is connected to the reference potential node, an anode of the diode is connected to the switch node and a cathode of the diode is connected to a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, and one end of the coil is connected to the positive electrode of the snubber capacitor and the other end of the coil is connected to the high potential node.

Abstract: A snubber circuit configured to be coupled to a switching circuit, comprises a snubber capacitor; a diode; and a coil, wherein the switching circuit includes an upper switch element coupled between a high potential node and a switch node, a lower switch element coupled between the switch node and a reference potential node, and a bypass capacitor coupled between the high potential node and the reference potential node, a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor is configured to be coupled to the high potential node, an anode of the diode is coupled to a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor, and a cathode of the diode is coupled to the switch node, and one end of the coil is coupled to the negative electrode of the snubber capacitor, and another end of the coil is coupled to the reference potential node.

Abstract: A snubber circuit connected to a rectifying circuit including a reference voltage node and a switch node, the snubber circuit comprises a snubber capacitor; and a P-type MOS transistor, wherein a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor is connected to the switch node, and a drain of the P-type MOS transistor is connected to a negative electrode of the snubber. capacitor, and a source of the P-type MOS transistor Is connected to the reference voltage node.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a starting burner (100a; 100b) for a fuel cell system (1000a; 1000b), having a catalyst (10) with a catalyst inlet (11) and a catalyst outlet (12), a catalyst area (13) being formed between the catalyst inlet (11) and the catalyst outlet (12), and the catalyst area (13) being surrounded by a catalyst wall (14) in a passage direction (D) from the catalyst inlet (11) to the catalyst outlet (12), and an operating fluid guide section (20) for supplying an operating fluid (F1) to the catalyst inlet (11), wherein the operating fluid guide section (20) is arranged outside the catalyst (10) at least in sections along the catalyst wall (14). The invention also concerns a fuel cell system (1000) with the starting burner (100a; 100b) and a method for heating a service fluid (F1) in the fuel cell system (1000a; 1000b).

Abstract: The present disclosure, in an aspect thereof, has an object to effectively reduce transient current in a rectifier circuit. In a rectifier circuit, a current flows from a power supply to a coil when a transistor is turned on. Then, when the transistor is turned off, a second rectifier current flows from the coil to a second rectifier.

Abstract: A snubber circuit connected to a rectifying circuit including a reference potential node, an output potential node, and the snubber circuit comprises a snubber capacitor; a snubber diode; and a snubber resistor, wherein a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor is connected to the reference potential node, an anode of the snubber diode is connected to the switch node and a cathode of the snubber diode is connected to a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, one end of the snubber resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, and another end of the snubber resistor is connected to the output potential node, and a reverse recovery time of the snubber diode is longer than a reverse recovery time of the rectifying element.

Abstract: A snubber circuit connected to a rectifying circuit including a reference potential node, an output potential node, and a first switch node, the snubber circuit comprises a snubber capacitor; a first snubber diode; a snubber coil; and a snubber resistor, wherein a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor is connected to the reference potential node, an anode of the first snubber diode is connected to the first switch node and a cathode of the first snubber diode is connected to a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, and one end of a series circuit configured by the snubber coil and the snubber resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, and another end of the series circuit is connected to the output potential node.

Abstract: An auxiliary power supply circuit is configured to receive electric power from an auxiliary power supply having a positive electrode connected to a switch node and supply electric power to a capacitor having a positive electrode connected to a reference potential node. The auxiliary power supply circuit includes; a switch element connected between the reference potential node and the switch node; and a diode having an anode connected to a negative electrode of the capacitor and a cathode connected to a negative electrode of the auxiliary power supply, a voltage of the switch node being alternately switched between (i) a first voltage substantially equal to a voltage of the reference potential node and (ii) a second voltage higher than the first voltage.

Abstract: A snubber circuit connected to a switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit including a higher side switch element connected between a high potential node and a switch node, a lower side switch element connected between the switch node and a reference potential node, and a bypass capacitor connected between the high potential node and the reference potential node, the snubber circuit comprising: a snubber capacitor; a diode; and a coil, wherein a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor is connected to the reference potential node, an anode of the diode is connected to the switch node and a cathode of the diode is connected to a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor, and one end of the coil is connected to the positive electrode of the snubber capacitor and the other end of the coil is connected to the high potential node.

Abstract: An auxiliary power supply circuit configured to receive power from an auxiliary power supply in which a negative electrode is connected to a switch node; and supply power to a capacitor in which a negative electrode is connected to a high potential node, the auxiliary power supply circuit comprises a switch element connected between the high potential node and the switch node; and a diode in which an anode is connected to a positive electrode of the auxiliary power supply and a cathode is connected to a positive electrode of the capacitor, wherein a voltage at the switch node is alternately switched to (i) a first voltage that is substantially the same as a voltage at the high potential node, and (ii) a second voltage that is lower than the first voltage.

Abstract: A snubber circuit configured to be coupled to a switching circuit, comprises a snubber capacitor; a diode; and a coil, wherein the switching circuit includes an upper switch element coupled between a high potential node and a switch node, a lower switch element coupled between the switch node and a reference potential node, and a bypass capacitor coupled between the high potential node and the reference potential node, a positive electrode of the snubber capacitor is configured to be coupled to the high potential node, an anode of the diode is coupled to a negative electrode of the snubber capacitor, and a cathode of the diode is coupled to the switch node, and one end of the coil is coupled to the negative electrode of the snubber capacitor, and another end of the coil is coupled to the reference potential node.

Abstract: A transient current in a rectifier circuit is efficiently reduced. In a rectifier circuit, a first rectifier is provided between the first terminal and a second terminal. In the rectifier circuit, when a switch element is turned ON, a primary winding current flows from a power source to a primary winding in a transformer. When the switch element is turned OFF, a second rectifier current flows from a secondary winding in the transformer to a second rectifier. When the second rectifier current flows, a first reverse voltage is applied between the first terminal and the second terminal. The first reverse voltage is a reverse voltage applied instantaneously.