Abstract: A method for introducing a foreign matter into a cell, includes the steps of placing a small particle carrying a foreign matter at a part of a cell surface of a living cell, boring a hole in a cell wall and/or a cell membrane by irradiating and treating said part of the cell surface with a laser beam, and introducing the foreign matter into the living cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a toner for developing an electrostatic latent image, a process for producing the same, a developer for an electrostatic latent image, and a process for forming an image, and the toner contains a binder resin and a coloring agent and has a molecular weight between crosslinking points Mc obtained by a measurement of temperature dispersion on dynamic viscoelasticity of from 3.6×106 to 7.5×108, and the molecular weight between crosslinking points Mc and a crosslinking density Me satisfying the relationship 14.0≦Log10(Mc/Me)≦16.5.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle is provided which includes an injector nozzle body having a distal end portion in which a plurality of pairs of injection holes are formed, such that each pair of injection holes are spaced from each other in an axial direction of the nozzle body, and such that injection axes of each pair of injection holes intersect with each other at a point outside of the nozzle body. According to the present invention, jets of fuel that are ejected from each pair of injection holes collide with each other immediately after passing through exits of the injection holes, such that a crossed axes angle &thgr; formed by the injection axes of each pair of injection holes is in a range of 30°≦&thgr;≦80°.

Abstract: There is provided a toner for the development of an electrostatic image having a complex viscosity &eegr;* of from 3.0×102 to 1.2×103 Pas at 160° C. and a loss tangent tan &dgr; of from 0.60 to 1.60 as determined by temperature dispersion measurement method by sinusoidal oscillation method, a method for manufacturing the toner by a coaggregation fusion composite method, developer, and an image forming method.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner wherein in the dynamic viscoelasticity of the toner, the lowest temperature at which the value of the storage elastic modulus (G′) of the toner coincides with the value of the loss elastic modulus (G″) of the toner obtained under a frequency of 6.28 rad/second in a temperature dispersion measurement at a temperature of at least 0° C. is in the range of from 60 to 75° C., or the weight average molecular weight of the toner obtained by a GPC measurement is in the range of from 20,000 to 65,000 and the peak area that the molecular weight of the toner obtained by the GPC measurement is not larger than 1,000 is 3.0% or lower. The toner is excellent in the document offset property, the bending resistance of the fixed image, the releasing property of the fixing sheet, and transparency of as optically projected image, has charging uniformity and a high stability, gives no fog and toner scattering, and can form images of excellent quality.

Abstract: It is to easily form a fixed image, especially a full color image, that exhibits a small difference in gloss depending on the fixing conditions of the toner, is excellent in smoothness, exhibits small unevenness of gloss, and has high image quality and high reliability. A toner for developing a static image to be fixed by heat on a fixing substrate, wherein a fixed image has a gloss Gm of about 20% or more, and a maximum value of a degree of change Gs of the gloss per 1° C. of a difference of a surface temperature within a range of about from 140 to 170° C. of a fixing member as a heating and fixing unit is 1.8% or less per 1° C.; and a developer for a static image and a process for producing an image using the toner are provided.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image excellent in fixing property and particularly in light transmissibility and coloring property and satisfying high image quality and high reliability, and a process for producing the same, as well as a developer for an electrostatic image and a process for forming an image are provided. The toner for developing an electrostatic image contains at least a resin component and colorant particles, and the colorant particles exhibit a dispersion state inside the toner observed by a transmission electron microscope. The dispersion state satisfies two conditions, where (1) the colorant particles have a dispersion average particle diameter of 100 nm or less, and (2) the colorant particles have a content of coarse particles of a diameter of 400 nm or more 5% by number or less of the total of the colorant particles.

Abstract: An electrostatic-charged image developing toner containing a binder resin and a coloring agent, which is excellent in the fixing characteristics, has high charging uniformity and stability, and gives excellent images, wherein the crosslinking molecular weight Mc of the toner obtained by a temperature dispersion measurement in the dynamic viscoelasticity of the toner is from about 1.6.times.10.sup.4 to 3.5.times.10.sup.6, or the crosslinking density Me thereof is from about 1.6.times.10.sup.-8 to 3.5.times.10.sup.-6 /Kmol.

Abstract: It is to provide a toner for developing static charge and a process for producing the same that is excellent in peelability of the fixing sheet, adhesion of the fixed image, bending resistance of the fixed image, Dispersibility of the releasing agent in the toner and transparency on an OHP sheet, and can provide a high quality fixed image, as well as a developer and a process for forming an image. It relates to a toner for developing electrostatic charge of the invention including a coloring agent and a binder resin and a process for producing the same, wherein the relaxation modulus of elasticity G(t) at a relaxation time t=10.times.Dt (wherein Dt represents a heating time on fixing) obtained from measurement of dynamic viscoelasticity is adjusted to a range of from 2.0.times.10.sup.2 to 3.0.times.10.sup.3 Pa, or the relaxation modulus of elasticity G(t=0.01) at a relaxation time of 0.01 sec obtained from measurement of dynamic viscoelasticity is adjusted to a range of from 2.0.times.10.sup.2 to 3.0.times.

Abstract: Disclosed is toner for developing an electrostatic image, which toner has a volume average particle size distribution index (GSDv) of 1.3 or less, and a ratio of the volume average particle size distribution index (GSDv) to a number average particle size distribution index (GSDp), i.e., (GSDv/GSDp), of 0.95 or more. A method suited for producing the toner for developing an electrostatic image comprises the steps of producing a dispersion liquid of flocculated particles by forming the flocculated particles in a dispersion liquid containing at least resin particles dispersed therein, forming adhered particles by admixing a liquid dispersion comprising fine particles dispersed therein with the dispersion liquid comprising the flocculated particles so that the fine particles adhere to the flocculated particles, and forming toner particles by fusing the adhered particles upon heating.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a toner for electrostatic charge image development comprising the steps of a liquid mixture preparation process for preparing a liquid mixture by mixing at least a resin particle dispersion prepared by dispersing resin particles in a solution including a dispersing agent having a polarity, and a coloring agent particle dispersion prepared by dispersing coloring agent particles in a solution including a dispersing agent having a polarity, an aggregated particle dispersion preparation process for preparing an aggregated particle dispersion by forming aggregated particles in the liquid mixture, and a fusion process for fusing the aggregated particles by heating, wherein the first dispersing agent and the second dispersing agent have the same polarity, a toner for electrostatic charge image development obtained by the method, an electrostatic charge image developer containing the toner and a carrier for electrophotography, and an image forming method comprising

Abstract: According to the present invention, the method for producing toner for developing an image of electrostatic charge comprises the steps of producing a dispersion liquid of flocculated particles by forming the flocculated particles in a dispersion liquid comprising at least dispersed resin particles, forming combined particles by dispersing a liquid dispersion comprising dispersed fine resin particles into the dispersion liquid of flocculated particles so that the fine resin particles adhere to the flocculated particles and forming toner particles by fusing the combined particles by heating, wherein the molecular weight distribution curve of the resin in the toner particles by a gel permeation chromatography has at least two peaks or shoulders. According to the present invention, it is possible to produce toner for developing an image of electrostatic charge which is particularly superior in chargeability and the stability of the chargeability.

Abstract: In a thyristor ignition circuit, a forward voltage drop occurring in a signal path of an anode and a gate of a thyristor is reduced. An anode of a thyristor of the thyristor ignition circuit is connected to one signal terminal, and a gate thereof is connected to another signal terminal. The thyristor ignition circuit further comprises a transformer having a primary winding for receiving an ignition signal, and a first secondary winding having one end connected to a cathode of the thyristor and the other end connected to the other signal terminal. The thyristor is ignited via the cathode in response to the ignition signal applied to the transformer. A signal path is established between one signal terminal and the other signal terminal through the anode-to-gate path.

Abstract: A vertical deflection distortion correction circuit, wherein there are provided a vertical deflection output circuit, a damping circuit, a vertical deflection yoke and a resonance circuit. A current is resonated in the resonance circuit, and on the other hand, a vertical deflection current is derived from the vertical deflection output circuit and supplied to the vertical deflection yoke. Then, the resonated current is superimposed on the vertical deflection current. The superimposed vertical deflection current is finally supplied to the vertical deflection yoke. The resonance circuit is constructed of an LC parallel circuit and a switching element circuit. The switching element circuit is compose of either FETs, or thyristors.

Abstract: A device for locking a steering gear having a body with a first cylindrical portion, a second cylindrical portion extending nearly perpendicular from the first cylindrical portion, and a reinforcing member disposed within the second cylindrical portion. The reinforcing member has an inner surface and an outer surface and a bottom portion connected to a tube containing the steering gear. The device also includes a locking bar disposed within the reinforcing member and movable between a locked position for locking the steering gear and an unlocked position to allow the steering gear to rotate, and means for moving the locking bar between the locked position and unlocked position.

Abstract: A steel support for a planographic plate comprises a steel plate and aluminized layers thereon, each consisting of an alloy layer in contact with said plate and an aluminum layer applied over said alloy layer. The alloy layer is 0.2 to 5 microns in a thickness, and the aluminum layer is more than 7 microns in a thickness.The aluminized plate is then cold-rolled at a rolling reduction of 30 to 85% in total to remove spangle dents or pin holes therefrom.

Abstract: A paper sizing agent is disclosed. The sizing agent is obtained by alkali saponification of a reaction product which is obtained by reacting a propylene oligomer with maleic anhydride under heating in the absence of a catalyst. The propylene oligomer contains substantially no oligomers having 10 or less carbon atoms. Further, the content of oligomers having 11 to 12 carbon atoms is 0 to 30% by volume, the content of oligomers having 13 to 15 carbon atoms is 20 to 95% by volume and the content of oligomers having 16 to 21 carbon atoms is 5 to 50% by volume. The paper sizing agent provides a homogeneous transparent sizing agent, which restrains the amount of the foaming and also has improved sizing effects.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for desulfurization of molten pig iron by a first step of adding powdered aluminum to the molten pig iron and a second step of adding CaO to the molten pig iron, the improvement comprising adding the aluminum as a powdery mixture with CaO, alumina or both, whereby splashing associated with the addition of aluminum alone is reduced.

Abstract: A process for producing pentaerythritol wherein at least part of a reaction solution which contains pentaerythritol formals is thermally treated in a pH range of 4.5-5.5 at a temperature of 120.degree.-170.degree.C. for 20-120 minutes and the resultant pentaerythritol is separated as crystals. Sodium hydroxide is added to the separated solution to cause sodium formate to crystallize, followed by separation of the crystals. The remaining solution is recirculated to the reaction system for use in the starting reaction solution.