Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a flat display element, a pair of motherboards are prepared, and a display forming portion is formed on each motherboard. A sealant is located on one of the motherboards so as to surround the peripheral edge portion of the display forming portion, and end spacers for maintaining a gap between the two motherboards and a tacker covering the end spacers are located on the end portions of the motherboard. The motherboards are stuck on each other with the sealant, end spacers, and tacker between them, and the stuck motherboards are aligned with each other. After the alignment, the two motherboards are tacked to each other by curing the tacker. Thereafter, the motherboards are finally bonded to each other by curing the sealant. Then, the substrates, stuck on each other with the sealant, are cut out by cutting the motherboards outside the sealant.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a flat display element, a pair of motherboards are prepared, and a display forming portion is formed on each motherboard. A sealant is located on one of the motherboards so as to surround the peripheral edge portion of the display forming portion, and end spacers for maintaining a gap between the two motherboards and a tacker covering the end spacers are located on the end portions of the motherboard. The motherboards are stuck on each other with the sealant, end spacers, and tacker between them, and the stuck motherboards are aligned with each other. After the alignment, the two motherboards are tacked to each other by curing the tacker. Thereafter, the motherboards are finally bonded to each other by curing the sealant. Then, the substrates, stuck on each other with the sealant, are cut out by cutting the motherboards outside the sealant.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an array substrate and a counter substrate, a liquid crystal cell held between the substrates 300 and containing liquid crystal molecules arranged to have an alignment corresponding to alignment properties of inner surfaces of the substrates, first and second polarizing plates having individual polarization axes and mounted on outer surfaces of the first and second substrates, respectively, a pixel electrode and counter electrode formed on the array substrate to apply a lateral electric field substantially parallel to the first and second substrate into the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal display device controls the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules by the lateral electric field between the pixel and counter electrodes.