Abstract: A key management method serves as an electronic control unit (ECU) in an onboard network system having a plurality of ECUs that perform communication by frames via a network. The method includes storing, in a first-type ECU, a shared key to be mutually shared with second-type ECUs, and executing encryption processing regarding a framed transmitted or received via the network, based on the shared key. The method further includes executing, by the first-type ECU, inspection of a security state of the shared key stored by the second type ECUs in a case where a vehicle is in at least one of the following particular states, including immediately after the vehicle is not driving and is entering the accessory-on state, immediately after the vehicle is not driving and the vehicle is entering the accessory-off state, and immediately after the vehicle engine is started.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is an energy storage device satisfying the following formula 1, in which a flat electrode assembly obtained by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode with a separator interposed therebetween and having two curved surface portions facing each other, and a case that houses the electrode assembly, and at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes an active material layer containing active material particles and a fibrous conductive agent. In the formula 1, X is a distance from a distal end of one of the curved surface portions to the inner surface of the case facing the distal end of the curved surface portion as viewed in the winding axis direction of the electrode assembly. R is a length of a periphery of the one curved surface portion as viewed in the winding axis direction of the electrode assembly. D is an average particle size D50 of the active material particles. A is a surface roughness Ra of the active material layer.

Abstract: A method, for controlling a mixer that mixes materials through rotation of an impeller while a solvent contained in the materials is evaporated under negative pressure, performs a process in which the mixer is operated while the pressure inside the mixer is increased or decreased according to a predetermined profile. When a power value of the impeller exceeds a predetermined upper limit during the operation of the mixer, the pressure inside the mixer is increased. When the power value falls below a predetermined lower limit during the operation of the mixer, the pressure inside the mixer is decreased.

Abstract: A method for producing a carrier for developing an electrostatic charge image, the method includes: adding a coating liquid containing a resin, conductive particles, and a solvent and magnetic particles to a mixer having a stirring blade, and mixing the coating liquid and the magnetic particles to obtain a mixture; and evaporating and drying the solvent from the mixture to produce a carrier having a resin coating layer on surfaces of the magnetic particles, wherein a viscosity ? of the coating liquid when being added to the mixer is more than 60 mPa·s and 1,000 mPa·s or less, and a value of a ratio ?/W of the viscosity ?(mPa·s) to an amount W (parts by mass) of the resin coating layer with respect to 100 parts by mass of the magnetic particles in the carrier is 20 or more and 500 or less.

Abstract: A method for producing a pigment dispersion includes: wet-dispersing a mixture A containing an organic pigment, a flame retardant, a dispersant, and an aqueous medium by using a media disperser to form a mixture B; and wet-dispersing the mixture B by using a media disperser to form a mixture C. The media disperser in the wet-dispersing of the mixture A and the media disperser in the wet-dispersing of the mixture B are annular-type media dispersers each having a cylindrical vessel, a cylindrical rotor that is disposed inside the cylindrical vessel and that rotates to disperse the mixture, and a screen-type media separator that separates media particles and the mixture. The number-average particle size MA of the media particles in the media disperser in the wet-dispersing of the mixture A and the number-average particle size MB of the media particles in the media disperser in the wet-dispersing of the mixture B satisfy the following formula (1) and the following formula (2): 0.5 mm?MA>MB?0.

Abstract: A method for producing a toner includes collecting a toner by using a toner collecting device including: a centrifugation cylinder to which an airflow containing a toner is introduced and in which the toner is centrifugally separated by a swirling flow caused by the introduced airflow; an airflow inlet through which the airflow containing the toner is introduced to the centrifugation cylinder; an airflow outlet that is located at an upper end of the centrifugation cylinder and through which the airflow from which the toner has been separated in the centrifugation cylinder is discharged; a toner collector that is located at a lower end of the centrifugation cylinder and in which the toner separated in the centrifugation cylinder is collected; and a suction unit that suctions the inside of the centrifugation cylinder through the toner collector and has a filtration filter through which the toner in the suctioned airflow is filtered out.

Abstract: A relay adapter includes a first connector configured to connect to a processor supplying a first power. The relay adapter includes a second connector configured to connect to an insertion instrument operable using a second power. The relay adapter includes a power circuit coupled to the first connector to receive the first power. The power circuit is configured to convert the first power into the second power The power circuit is coupled to the second connector for delivering the second power to the second connector. The relay adapter includes a switching circuit coupled to the power circuit. When the second connector is not connected to the insertion instrument, the switching circuit prevents the power circuit from delivering the second power to the second connector.

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic image includes a magnetic particle and a resin layer with which the magnetic particle is coated and which contains silica particles having an average particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 200 nm or less. In the carrier, a silicon element ratio Si1 in a region in which a distance from a surface of the resin layer in a direction toward an inside is 0.1 ?m or more and 0.2 ?m or less and a silicon element ratio Si2 in a region in which a distance from a surface of the magnetic particle in a direction toward the surface of the resin layer is 0.0 ?m or more and 0.1 ?m or less satisfy formula 1-1 and formula 2-1 below. 0.

Abstract: A method for producing a carrier for electrostatic charge image development includes coating magnetic particles by adding the magnetic particles and a coating liquid containing a resin and a solvent to a mixer with a stirring blade to form a resin coating layer on surfaces of the magnetic particles and taking a carrier having the resin coating layer out of the mixer. In the coating, the stirring conditions after the solvent is evaporated and dried by heating in the mixer until the carrier is taken out of the mixer satisfy Formula 1 below and Formula 2 below: 0.2?peripheral speed ?Dn (m/s) of stirring blade?2.

Abstract: A method for producing a recycled carrier includes: performing classification, the classification including separating a carrier having a coating layer from a collected developer by a centrifugal air classifier, the collected developer containing the carrier and being obtained by collecting an electrostatic charge image developer remaining after image formation; and performing recoating, the recoating including dissolving or thermally melting a coating resin of the separated and classified carrier and then coating the resulting carrier again to produce a recycled carrier.

Abstract: [Object] To provide the friction material for the disc brake pad such as an automobile, which is manufactured by forming the NAO friction material composition, enabling to restrain the brake vibration during braking in a high temperature. [Means to Resolve] In the friction material, which is manufactured by forming the NAO friction material composition that does not contain the copper component but contains the binder, the fiber base, the organic friction modifier, the inorganic friction modifier, and the lubricant, the friction material composition contains 5-9 weight % of the binder relative to the entire amount of the friction material composition, 1-4 weight % of the silicone rubber modified phenol resin as a part of the binder relative to the entire amount of the friction material composition, 1-4 weight % of a cashew dust as the organic friction modifier relative to the entire amount of the friction material composition, 0.

Abstract: [Object] To provide the friction material for the disc brake such as an automobile, which is manufactured by forming the NAO friction material composition, enabling to restrain the brake vibration during braking in a high temperature. [Means to Resolve] In the friction material for the disc brake pad, which is manufactured by forming the NAO friction material composition that does not contain the copper component but contains the binder, the fiber base, the organic friction modifier, the inorganic friction modifier, and the lubricant, the friction material composition contains 1-4 weight % of the cashew dust as the organic friction modifier relative to the entire amount of the friction material composition, 7-12 weight % of the muscovite as the inorganic friction modifier relative to the entire friction material composition, and 0.5-5 weight % of the aluminum particle as the inorganic friction modifier relative to the entire amount of the friction material composition.

Abstract: A welding method includes: placing a workpiece including aluminum in a region to which laser light is emitted; and irradiating the laser light to the workpiece to melt an irradiated portion of the work piece to perform welding. Further, the laser light is formed of a main beam and plural auxiliary beams, and the plural auxiliary beams are positioned so as to surround a periphery of the main beam.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles, silica particles having an average particle diameter of 80 nm to 200 nm, lubricant particles N which has negatively chargeable property, and lubricant particles P which has positively chargeable property, wherein a content (s) of the silica particles, a content (n) of the lubricant particles N, and a content (p) of the lubricant particles P satisfy relationships of Expression (1): 0.002?p/s?0.2; and Expression (2): 0.02?n/s?0.5.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; first silica particles having an average circularity of 0.9 to 1.0, a particle size distribution index of 1.05 to 1.25, and a compression aggregation degree of 60% to 95%; and second silica particles having an average circularity of 0.9 to 1.0, a particle size distribution index of 1.05 to 1.25, and a compression aggregation degree of 60% to 95%, wherein, when an average primary particle diameter of the first silica particles is set as Da (nm) and an average primary particle diameter of the second silica particles is set as Db (nm), relationships of the following Expressions (A1) to (A3) are satisfied: Expression (A1): 80?Da?120, Expression (A2): 120?Db?200, and Expression (A3): 10?Db?Da?120.

Abstract: A carrier for two-component developer includes a magnetic particle and a resin coating layer that covers the magnetic particle and contains a resin, wherein a weight average molecular weight of the resin contained in the resin coating layer is from 1,800,000 to 5,000,000.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles, silica particles having an average particle diameter of 80 nm to 200 nm, lubricant particles N which has negatively chargeable property, and lubricant particles P which has positively chargeable property, wherein a content (s) of the silica particles, a content (n) of the lubricant particles N, and a content (p) of the lubricant particles P satisfy relationships of Expression (1): 0.002?p/s?0.2; and Expression (2): 0.02?n/s?0.5.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; first silica particles having an average circularity of 0.9 to 1.0, a particle size distribution index of 1.05 to 1.25, and a compression aggregation degree of 60% to 95%; and second silica particles having an average circularity of 0.9 to 1.0, a particle size distribution index of 1.05 to 1.25, and a compression aggregation degree of 60% to 95%, wherein, when an average primary particle diameter of the first silica particles is set as Da (nm) and an average primary particle diameter of the second silica particles is set as Db (nm), relationships of the following Expressions (A1) to (A3) are satisfied: Expression (A1): 80?Da?120, Expression (A2): 120?Db?200, and Expression (A3): 10?Db?Da?120.

Abstract: A carrier for two-component developer includes a magnetic particle and a resin coating layer that covers the magnetic particle and contains a resin, wherein a weight average molecular weight of the resin contained in the resin coating layer is from 1,800,000 to 5,000,000.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing carrier includes a core particle and a resin coating layer coated on the core particle, wherein the resin coating layer contains a cationic surfactant and an anionic surfactant and a total content of the cationic surfactant and the anionic surfactant in the resin coating layer is from 0.1% by weight to 6.0% by weight with respect to the entire resin coating layer.