Abstract: A first wired communication unit 511 has a wired connection function. A second wired communication unit 512 has the wired connection function. A third wired communication unit 513 has the wired connection function and is connected to a node 21. A wireless communication unit 514 has a wireless communication function connectable to a plurality of the wireless networks. An identification unit 5161 identifies whether an adjacent device connected to the first wired communication unit 511 or the second wired communication unit 512 via a wired network is a communication control device having the same function. A communication control unit 5162 establishes communication with another communication control device via the wireless network, and has a bridge function of transferring a communication frame to an appropriate destination among the first wired communication unit 511, the second wired communication unit 512, the third wired communication unit 513, and the wireless communication unit 514.

Abstract: A communication control device 51 according to an embodiment includes a first wired communication unit 511, a second wired communication unit 512, a wireless communication unit 513, a identifying unit 5151, and a communication control unit 5152. The first wired communication unit 511 has a wired communication function. The second wired communication unit 512 has a wired communication function, and is connected to the IO node 21. The wireless communication unit 513 has a wireless communication function. The identifying unit 5151 is connected to the first wired communication unit 511 via a wired network to identify another communication control device that satisfies a condition. The communication control unit 5152 establishes communication with another communication control device via a wireless network.

Abstract: A control apparatus transmits a self-signed certificate to a management server, receives a certificate authority signature certificate generated by the management server according to the self-signed certificate, and executes data communication in the control system that executes control of a system on the basis of the certificate authority signature certificate.

Abstract: A controller transmits a request for input/output setting of data to a management server, receives input/output information that defines the input/output setting and that is associated with the controller that performs control of a system from the management server, and performs the input/output setting of the own instrument based on the received input/output information.

Abstract: A primary machine includes a primary virtual machine including a synchronization information generator configured to generate and output synchronization information based on an instruction and a result of execution of the instruction, and a fault selector configured to determine a type of fault information generated when the instruction was executed. The primary VM changes operation depending on a result of the determination of the type of fault information.