Abstract: The disclosure includes a differential amplifier generating a difference voltage representing a difference between a reference voltage and a divided voltage obtained by dividing an inter-terminal voltage between a first and second terminals, a first transistor having a drain and a source connected to the first terminal and the second terminal, a voltage detection unit generating a detection voltage having a voltage value corresponding to the inter-terminal voltage, and a selection unit supplying one of the difference voltage and the detection voltage to a gate of the first transistor based on the inter-terminal voltage.

Abstract: A digital holography device includes a light source that emits light, the light source being provided for supply of object light beams formed by radiation, transmission, scattering, reflection, or diffraction of the emitted light from a subject, an array device that splits the light emitted from the light source into two kinds of reference light beams having different phases in a plane perpendicular to a direction in which the light emitted from the light source travels, a CCD camera having an image-capturing plane on which two kinds of interference fringe patterns are recorded, the interference fringe patterns being formed by interferences between the two kinds of reference light beams, and the object light beams, and an image reconstruction device that generates a reconstructed image of the subject from the two kinds of interference fringe patterns recorded on the image-capturing plane.

Abstract: An air intake device for an internal combustion engine includes an air intake path, a throttle valve, and a first partition plate. The throttle valve is provided in the air intake path and includes a valve shaft and a valve body. The valve body is connected to the valve shaft to open and close the air intake path and has a first end and a second end. The first partition plate is disposed approximately parallel to a flow direction of intake air and includes opposite ends connected to a first inner wall surface of the air intake path closer to the first end than the second end. The first partition plate has a substantially curved convex shape protruding radially inward of the air intake path. The first partition plate is located downstream of the first end of the valve body.

Abstract: An air intake device for an internal combustion engine includes an air intake path, a throttle valve, and a first partition plate. The throttle valve is provided in the air intake path and includes a valve shaft and a valve body. The valve body is connected to the valve shaft to open and close the air intake path and has a first end and a second end. The first partition plate is disposed approximately parallel to a flow direction of intake air and includes opposite ends connected to a first inner wall surface of the air intake path closer to the first end than the second end. The first partition plate has a substantially curved convex shape protruding radially inward of the air intake path. The first partition plate is located downstream of the first end of the valve body.

Abstract: An intake manifold M for an internal combustion engine has two or more structural members P1 to P3 including a first structural member P1 integrally provided with an inlet flange 22 to which a throttle device 4 is connected, and an outlet flange 40 to be joined to a cylinder head 2 provided with intake ports 5. The first structural member P1 is provided integrally with an inlet part 21 forming at least part of an inlet passage 11 and including the inlet flange 22. The outlet flange 40 is formed integrally with the inlet part 21 so as to extend across a direction in which the inlet passage 11 extends, two bolts 451 and 452 for fastening the outlet flange 40 to the cylinder head are disposed respectively on the opposite sides of the inlet passage 11. The rigidity of the inlet flange and fastening of the outlet flange to the cylinder head by fastening means improves a vibration reducing effect on a throttle device joined to the inlet flange.

Abstract: An operational amplifier that can suppress lowering of the current driving capability while performing a self adjustment of the common mode voltage is disclosed. A common mode voltage adjusting transistor and an auxiliary transistor are connected in parallel with a low-voltage side drive transistor of each of push-pull amplifying circuits that produce first and second amplified difference signals having different polarities in accordance with drive signals obtained by level-shifting a difference signal indicating a difference value of the levels of the first and second input signals by predetermined values. Current drive capabilities during a period of outputting said first and second amplified difference signals and a common mode voltage adjusting period respectively are increased by driving said auxiliary drive transistor by alternately using the drive signal obtained by level-shifting the difference signal and a common mode voltage adjusting signal.

Abstract: An operational amplifier that can suppress lowering of the current driving capability while performing a self adjustment of the common mode voltage is disclosed. A common mode voltage adjusting transistor and an auxiliary transistor are connected in parallel with a low-voltage side drive transistor of each of push-pull amplifying circuits that produce first and second amplified difference signals having different polarities in accordance with drive signals obtained by level-shifting a difference signal indicating a difference value of the levels of the first and second input signals by predetermined values. Current drive capabilities during a period of outputting said first and second amplified difference signals and a common mode voltage adjusting period respectively are increased by driving said auxiliary drive transistor by alternately using the drive signal obtained by level-shifting the difference signal and a common mode voltage adjusting signal.

Abstract: One pressure difference detection connecting path (71) and another pressure difference detection connecting path (72) are formed so as to be arranged at a predetermined interval in a longitudinal direction. Further, the one pressure difference detection connecting path (71) is formed so as to be connected in front of a continuation center position (70) of a second inflow path (67) and a first inflow path (43). Further, the other pressure difference detection connecting path (72) is formed so as to be connected behind a continuation center position (69) of a second outflow path (66) and a first outflow path (44).

Abstract: A volumetric flowmeter (1) is equipped with a detachable pump unit (2), a main body casing (3) accommodating the pump unit (2), and a cover member (4). The main body casing (3) is equipped with a front side main body casing (8) accommodating the pump unit (2) and integrated with a differential pressure detector (6), and a rear side main body casing (10) connected to the front side main body casing (8) and allowing mounting therewithin of a servomotor (9) constituting a main body of a shaft driving unit (5). The pump unit (2) is inserted into a unit accommodating recess (11) of the front side main body casing (8) and is then covered with the cover member (4) to be thereby completely accommodated.

Abstract: Provided is a digital holography device having a simple configuration and an improved image quality, including: a light source that emits light, the light source being provided for supply of object light beams formed by radiation, transmission, scattering, reflection, or diffraction of the emitted light from a subject; an array device that splits the light emitted from the light source into two kinds of reference light beams having different phases in a plane perpendicular to a direction in which the light emitted from the light source travels; a CCD camera having an image-capturing plane on which two kinds of interference fringe patterns are recorded, the interference fringe patterns being formed by interferences between the two kinds of reference light beams, which have been produced by the array device, and the object light beams, which have been formed by radiation, transmission, scattering, reflection, or diffraction from the subject; and an image reconstruction device that generates a reconstructed imag

Abstract: An intake manifold M for an internal combustion engine has two or more structural members P1 to P3 including a first structural member P1 integrally provided with an inlet flange 22 to which a throttle device 4 is connected, and an outlet flange 40 to be joined to a cylinder head 2 provided with intake ports 5. The first structural member P1 is provided integrally with an inlet part 21 forming at least part of an inlet passage 11 and including the inlet flange 22. The outlet flange 40 is formed integrally with the inlet part 21 so as to extend across a direction in which the inlet passage 11 extends, two bolts 451 and 452 for fastening the outlet flange 40 to the cylinder head are disposed respectively on the opposite sides of the inlet passage 11. The rigidity of the inlet flange and fastening of the outlet flange to the cylinder head by fastening means improves a vibration reducing effect on a throttle device joined to the inlet flange.

Abstract: A volumetric flowmeter (1) is equipped with a detachable pump unit (2), a main body casing (3) accommodating the pump unit (2), and a cover member (4). The main body casing (3) is equipped with a front side main body casing (8) accommodating the pump unit (2) and integrated with a differential pressure detecting means (6), and a rear side main body casing (10) connected to the front side main body casing (8) and allowing mounting therewithin of a servomotor (9) constituting a main body of a shaft driving means (5). The pump unit (2) is inserted into a unit accommodating recess (11) of the front side main body casing (8) and is then covered with the cover member (4) to be thereby completely accommodated.

Abstract: One pressure difference detection connecting path (71) and another pressure difference detection connecting path (72) are formed so as to be arranged at a predetermined interval in a longitudinal direction. Further, the one pressure difference detection connecting path (71) is formed so as to be connected in front of a continuation center position (70) of a second inflow path (67) and a first inflow path (43). Further, the other pressure difference detection connecting path (72) is formed so as to be connected behind a continuation center position (69) of a second outflow path (66) and a first outflow path (44).

Abstract: A reference voltage generation circuit for a plurality of reference generation voltages and a pipe line analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using the same are provided. The reference voltage generation circuit including a charging capacitor for stabilizing the reference voltages charges the charging capacitor prior to the generation of the reference voltages, thus decreasing the time for the pipe line ADC to operate stably.

Abstract: A comparator circuit includes a differential amplifier circuit, a latch circuit, and a control signal generating circuit. The latch circuit includes a pair of cross-coupled inverting amplifiers that pull the output signals of the differential amplifier to the high and low logic levels, a control transistor that activates the latch circuit in synchronization with a clock signal, and an equalizing transistor that equalizes the output signals when the latch circuit is inactive. The equalizing transistor is switched on and off by a control signal generated from the clock signal by the control signal generating circuit. The high-level potential of the control signal is lower than the high-level potential of the clock signal. Switching noise at the control electrode of the equalizing transistor is therefore reduced, permitting high-speed operation.

Abstract: A reference voltage generation circuit for a plurality of reference generation voltages and a pipe line analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using the same are provided. The reference voltage generation circuit including a charging capacitor for stabilizing the reference voltages charges the charging capacitor prior to the generation of the reference voltages, thus decreasing the time for the pipe line ADC to operate stably.

Abstract: A comparator circuit includes a differential amplifier circuit, a latch circuit, and a control signal generating circuit. The latch circuit includes a pair of cross-coupled inverting amplifiers that pull the output signals of the differential amplifier to the high and low logic levels, a control transistor that activates the latch circuit in synchronization with a clock signal, and an equalizing transistor that equalizes the output signals when the latch circuit is inactive. The equalizing transistor is switched on and off by a control signal generated from the clock signal by the control signal generating circuit. The high-level potential of the control signal is lower than the high-level potential of the clock signal. Switching noise at the control electrode of the equalizing transistor is therefore reduced, permitting high-speed operation.

Abstract: In order to provide a comparator circuit without generating a malfunction, the comparator circuit according to the present invention may comprise a comparator circuit including a differential amplification circuit having a differential pair transistor (M1, M2) for inputting a signal as an object of comparison, and a current mirror load circuit (M3, M4, M5, M6); a latch circuit having inversion amplifiers that are configured so that an input of one amplifier becomes an input of other amplifier so as to amplify a differential output signal outputted from the current mirror load circuit in accordance with a magnitude relation of the signal as an object of comparison; an equalization transistor (M9) for equalizing a signal of the differential amplification circuit; a delay circuit (M13, M14,M15, M16) for generating a signal to delay a control signal to be inputted in a control electrode of the equalization transistor; and a control transistor (M10) for inputting an output signal of the delay circuit in the contro

Abstract: In order to provide a comparator circuit without generating a malfunction, the comparator circuit according to the present invention may comprise a comparator circuit including a differential amplification circuit having a differential pair transistor (M1, M2) for inputting a signal as an object of comparison, and a current mirror load circuit (M3, M4, M5, M6); a latch circuit having inversion amplifiers that are configured so that an input of one amplifier becomes an input of other amplifier so as to amplify a differential output signal outputted from the current mirror load circuit in accordance with a magnitude relation of the signal as an object of comparison; an equalization transistor (M9) for equalizing a signal of the differential amplification circuit; a delay circuit (M13, M14,M15, M16) for generating a signal to delay a control signal to be inputted in a control electrode of the equalization transistor; and a control transistor (M10) for inputting an output signal of the delay circuit in the contro

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel huperzine A derivatives of formula (II), wherein Y is ##STR1## or R" and Y together form .dbd.CH; R is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl, ##STR2## wherein n is 0 or 1, X is H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl; (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyloxy; nitro, halogen, carboxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxy, amino substituted by bis-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl; --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOZ, wherein m=0-5, Z is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl; --CH.dbd.CH--G, wherein G is phenyl, furanyl, carboxy, alkyloxycarbonyl; and dihydro- or tetrahydro-pyridyl substituted by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl at the nitrogen atom; R' is H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl, pyridoyl, benzoyl substituted by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyloxy; R" is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl; processes for their use as acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.