Abstract: To provide a method of manufacturing a friction member with high painting performance in which undesirable matters, which stick to the friction member before painting, are removed, and degreasing and recovery of damaged portions are carried out. In the method of manufacturing a friction member in which a friction material is attached to a metal back plate and they are painted, after the friction material is attached to the back plate, the back plate is treated before painting. The treating prior to painting process may be shot-blasting or coating with phosphate. With this treatment before painting, parting compounds that are adhered when the friction material is attached to the back plate is to be removed; dirty things and attached matters are removed; and flaws due to blasting are recovered, resulting in improved painting performance in adhesiveness.

Abstract: To provide a method of applying a primer in which film thickness of the primer is maintained constant to prevent pinholes, and a furnace is shortened as well. In a method of applying a primer to a back plate for a friction member, prior to applying the primer, the back plate is heated in advance. The temperature at which the back plate is preheated is set to be higher or equal to a temperature at which primer resin starts hardening within a range that the primer layer after hardening does not lose smoothness. When the primer is applied to the back plate preheated, the primer is immediately dried, and is hardened successively. At the preheating, even if the temperature is rapidly increased, a solvent for the primer does not bump, so that uniform film can be formed.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is comprised of a molded and cured composition which includes a fibrous base, a binder, a filler, and particles of a rubber composite composed primarily of at least one fibrous substance and rubber, or of at least one fibrous substance, at least one type of hard particle and rubber. The rubber composite particles enable the fibrous substance to be uniformly dispersed and mixed without forming clumps and without segregation of the hard fibrous substance and the hard particles in the finished article. The qualities of each constituent can thus be used to full advantage to give friction materials such as automotive disk pads which have an excellent friction performance.

Abstract: A friction member is made up of a back plate, a non-asbestos friction material bonded to a surface of the back plate and produced by molding and curing a non-asbestos friction material composition, and a metal phosphate conversion coating formed between the back plate and the non-asbestos friction material. When new, the friction member has a breaking load, measured according to JIS D4422, of at least 9 MPa, and a percent bonded surface area, which is the ratio of the surface area of friction material attached to the back plate surface after shear to the surface area of friction material attached to the plate surface before shear, of at least 90%. Such friction members are highly resistant to rusting, have excellent adhesion and heat resistance, and can be produced with minimal sludge formation and easy process control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a friction material and, in particular, provides a process for producing a friction material used in, for example, brakes of trucks, cars or the like and also provides a friction material obtained by the process. The process for producing a friction material containing a fiber component, a binder component and a filler component from raw materials of a friction material through at least a mixing step, a molding step and a heat-treating step, wherein the mixing of the raw materials in the mixing step is carried out by stirring and mixing the raw materials under heating in a dry system at a temperature where the binder is softened.

Abstract: A printing and recording sheet comprises a substrate and an ink receiving layer of a crosslinked product of a composition which comprises a polymer resin and a crosslinking agent comprising a water-soluble or dispersible carbodiimide compound which is a condensation reaction product obtained by decarbonation condensation of at least one diisocyanate or a mixture of at least one diisocyanate and at least one triisocyanate. The reaction product is blocked at terminal isocyanate groups with a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: A polyurethane resin obtained from a diol component and a diisocyanate component by an ordinary process, wherein the diisocyanate component comprises:at least one kind of unmodified diisocyanate, andat least one kind of carbodiimide-modified aromatic diisocyanate having, at one or both of the ortho positions of the two isocyanate groups, an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic substituent of one or more carbon atoms, or at least one kind of carbodiimide-modified aliphatic diisocyanate wherein at least one of the two carbons each bonded with an isocyanate group is di- or tri-substituted, and the molar ratio of the unmodified diisocyanate and the carbodiimide-modified diisocyanate is 35-0.1:1. The polyurethane resin containing carbodiimide bonds in the molecular chain alleviates the problems of the prior art and exhibits hydrolysis resistance stably over a long period of time without losing the carbodiimide bonds out of the molecule.

Abstract: A hydrolysis stabilizer for an ester group-containing resin, which comprises as a main component a carbodiimide having at least two carbodiimide groups in the molecule and resulting from 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or a mixture of 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, or from a mixture of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate with 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or a mixture of 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate; and a process for the hydrolysis stabilization of an ester group-containing resin, which comprises mixing a polyester type resin with the above hydrolysis stabilizer.

Abstract: A carbodiimide crosslinking agent comprises, as its main component, a decarbonated condensate of (A) one or more isocyanates selected from isocyanates having at least two isocyanate groups bonded to the carbon of the methylene group in the molecule, and (B) one or more isocyanates selected from alicyclic or aliphatic diisocyanates other than those defined in (A). The condensate is blocked at terminal isocyanates thereof with a hydrophilic group. A process for preparing the crosslinking agent, and a coating material comprising the agent are also described, along with a specific type of crosslinking agent for polyvinyl alcohols.

Abstract: A clamping device includes a clamp arm (2), an operating lever (3) for pivotally operating the clamp arm (2), and a toggle mechanism (T) provided in connection with the operating lever (3). The clamp arm (2) is formed with a guide path (2a) that intersects a direction in which the clamp arm (2) pivots so that an output member (9) of the toggle mechanism (T) is guided along the guide path (2a). Accordingly, workpieces (W) of heights that can vary over a wide range of up to several centimeters can be firmly fixed without the necessity of performing a troublesome adjustment operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides:(A) a curing agent for powder coatings, which comprises, as a main component, a carbodiimide compound represented by the following general formula (1), (2) or (3):OCN--R.sub.1 --(NCN--R.sub.2).sub.n1 --NCO (1)R.sub.3 --NCN--R.sub.4 --(NCN--R.sub.5).sub.n2 --NCN--R.sub.6(2)R.sub.7 --R.sub.8 --(NCN--R.sub.9).sub.n3 --R.sub.10 (3)(B) a powder coating composition comprising:at least one kind of the above curing agent (A) for powder coating, anda bifunctional resin compound having a functional group reactive with carbodiimide group; and(C) powder coating film, which is obtained by reacting and curing at least one kind of the above curing agent (A) for powder coating, and a bifunctional resin compound having a functional group reactive with carbodiimide group.

Abstract: The present invention provides:a hydrolysis stabilizer for ester group-containing resin, comprising, as the main component, a carbodiimide which is derived from tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, and which has remaining isocyanate groups in an amount of 3% by weight or less or has the terminal isocyanate groups blocked with a monoisocyanate(s); anda method for hydrolysis stabilization of ester group-containing resin, which comprises mixing an ester group-containing resin with a carbodiimide which is derived from tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate represented by the above formula and which has remaining isocyanate groups in an amount of 3% by weight or less or has the terminal isocyanate groups blocked with a monoisocyanate(s).

Abstract: A hydrolysis stabilizer for an ester group-containing resin, which comprises as a main component a carbodiimide having at least two carbodiimide groups in the molecule and resulting from 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or a mixture of 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, or from a mixture of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate with 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or a mixture of 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate; and a process for the hydrolysis stabilization of an ester group-containing resin, which comprises mixing a polyester type resin with the above hydrolysis stabilizer.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition for the manufacture of precoated metal is based on an aqueous resin having a carboxyl group in a molecule and neutralizable with a basic material as a binder, the aqueous resin being selected from an acrylic copolymer resin, polyester resin, and polyurethane resin. A mono- or poly-carbodiimide compound is blended with the aqueous resin. The composition forms a coating having improved chemical resistance, water resistance, and adhesion to sheet metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a urea-modified carbodiimide represented by the following general formula ##STR1## (wherein each R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group or a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group; each Z is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkylene group, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, a C.sub.4 -C.sub.16 alkylene group having a cyclic or non-cyclic structure, or a C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 alkylene group having an aromatic ring; n is an integer of 1-50; and each m is an integer of 1 or 2), and a process for producing the above urea-modified carbodiimide, which comprises (1) reacting an organic aliphatic diisocyanate represented by the following general formulaO.dbd.C.dbd.N--Z--N.dbd.C.dbd.

Abstract: A process for producing 3-methyl-1-phenylphospholene oxide by subjecting dichlorophenylphosphine and isoprene to an addition reaction and then subjecting the resulting adduct to solvolysis, wherein the addition reaction between dichlorophenylphosphine and isoprene is conducted in a solvent to obtain an adduct in the form of a slurry or solution and the slurry or solution is subjected to solvolysis.This process can easily produce 3-methyl-1-phenylphospholene oxide which is used in various reactions, and is free from the drawbacks of the conventional process.

Abstract: The main switch is turn on to supply electricity to the control unit for constant-speed crusing control, and a target vehicle speed is set on the basis of an instruction signal from a set switch. The constant-speed cruising control is executed so as for the actual vehicle speed to reach the target vehicle speed. As one of conditions for executing the constant-speed cruising control, the lapse of a predetermined time period from the start of the main switch is added. This arrangement enables the start of execution of the constant-speed cruising control only when the self-diagnosis of the control unit or initialization of various data has been completed.

Abstract: The constant-speed cruising control is performed on the basis of instruction signals from a set switch or the like so that the vehicle speed will reach a target vehicle speed. The constant-speed cruising control is executed so that all switches, such as the set switch or the like, which constitute the instruction signal generating unit, are turned off. This can inhibit the execution of the constant-speed cruising control if the set switch becomes fixed and stays in its ON state.