Abstract: The flow meter is free from an external fluid flow noise. The detector has measuring pipe 1, inlet 2 and outlet 3 both axially lined up with base axis X. Pipe 1 is a straight one with opposite upstream and downstream closed ends, provided in each of which ends is echo sounder 4a, 4b capable of both transmitting and receiving the ultrasound. Inlet 2 is connected with a side of the upstream end via bent 2a. Outlet 3 is connected with another side of the downstream end via another bent 3a, which another side is radially opposite to the former side part in pipe 1 so that pipe 1 is tilted at a certain angle from base axis X which is axially lined up with axes of both inlet 2 and outlet 3; and, a center of base axis X coincides with a center of a flow path of a measured fluid inside pipe 1.(See FIG.

Abstract: An ink jet printing head comprises a cavity plate, a nozzle plate and a vibration plate. The cavity plate is formed with ink pressurizing chambers and the nozzle plate is formed with ink nozzles that are perpendicular to the ink pressurizing chambers. Piezoelectric elements are fixedly attached to external portions of the vibration plate corresponding to the ink pressurizing chambers for deforming the oscillatory plate upon the application of voltage. An ink distribution plate may be interposed between the cavity plate and the nozzle plate. The plates are superposed on each other to form an integral body which constitutes the printing head. The printing head is used in a known printing apparatus. With this arrangement, high printing quality can be achieved at a high printing head carriage speed.

Abstract: An improved field instrumentation system employing optical multiplex transmission in which data from a plurality of field devices, including both sensors and controllers, are transmitted through an optical distributor, such as a star coupler, to a master processor at a control panel location as well as to other field devices. The optical distributor branches and couples in a ratio of N:N, the data which are transmitted bidirectionally through the various optical transmission paths connected to the field devices to form the basis of a control loop located in the field. A submaster processor, located in the field and coupled to the optical distributor, is automatically substituted for the master processor in the event that the master processor is disabled. The overall reliability of this system is thereby markedly improved.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head in which the ink in an ink cavity is jetted in the form of a droplet from an ink nozzle by utilizing a piezo-electric effect. The recording head includes a piezo-electric plate made of piezo-electric material and having a plurality of elongated ink cavities formed therein, and a cover plate fixedly placed on the piezo-electric plate. The cover plate has a plurality of ink supplying inlets in the region of the nozzles.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head in which the ink in an ink cavity is jetted in the form of a droplet from an ink nozzle by utilizing a piezo-electric effect. The recording head includes a piezo-electric plate made of piezo-electric material and having a plurality of elongated ink cavities formed therein, and a cover plate fixedly placed on the piezo-electric plate. In one of the embodiments, each of the plurality of elongated ink cavities has two deep grooves formed in the longitudinal direction of the ink cavities and a shallow groove provided between the two deep grooves. Voltage applying electrodes are provided on piezo-electric portions which form the shallow grooves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a measurement apparatus for measuring physical quantity, such as temperature, pressure etc., and providing corresponding measuremnt data suitable for transmission to a remote central location. The physical quantity being measured is first converted to a frequency signal, either directly by an appropriate transducer or by a combination of an appropriate transducer and appropriate converter. Counters are then used to convert the frequency signal to a corresponding digital quantity. An appropriately programmed digital processor is then used to perform processing operations on the digital quantity to derive the measurement data. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes an optical transceiver for converting the measurement data into corresponding optical signals for transmission via an optical fiber to a central processor.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting a mechanical displacement to an electrical signal having a capacitor type displacement detector for detecting a mechanical displacement in terms of capacitances C1 and C2 of two capacitors and means for producing a signal corresponding to (C1-C2)/(C1+C2). The capacitance sum (C1+C2) is converted into a pulse with the duty ratio D proportional to the capacitance sum and a voltage Vd' corresponding to the capacitance difference (C1-C2) is multiplied by the reciprocal 1/D of the duty ratio D so as to produce a current proportional to a desired amount (C1-C2)/(C1+C2). Even if the difference voltage changes widely, the duty ratio D is not affected by this change and therefore the linearity error is not increased.

Abstract: A pressure sensor the output of which is substantially immune from errors caused by temperature variation or exteriorly applied forces. An insulating disc with metal foil electrodes on the flat surfaces thereof is disposed in an inner cylinder housing between a pressure measuring diaphragm and a reference electrode plate. A first measurement pressure is applied directly to the opposite side of the diaphragm and a second measurement pressure is applied to the side adjacent the insulating disc via a soft rubber diaphragm and an insulating liquid which fills the space between the soft rubber diaphragm and measuring diaphragm extending through apertures in the inner cylinder and insulating disc. The difference pressure is determined by measuring the capacitance difference between capacitors formed by the reference electrode plate and the metal foil layer adjacent thereto and the measuring diaphragm and the metal foil layer adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A flexible diaphragm-type fluid-filled sensing device is made immune to thermal expansion and contraction errors by providing a constant volume first fluid chamber formed between the insulating block and a metal plate, a second chamber between the metal plate and a sealing diaphragm and a third chamber between the other surface of the block and a measuring diaphragm. The three chambers are connected by fluid passages and the sealing diaphragm is much more flexible than the measuring diaphragm so that any volumetric change in the fluid is followed by the sealing diaphragm without changing the volumes of the first or third chambers to which the electrical displacement sensing devices are attached.

Abstract: A compact sensing device is provided which the tension applied to the sensing member is substantially uniform and free of thermally changing. Either the sensing member itself or a clamping member disposed around the device or both, are made of a precipitation hardenable metal which will contract during a heat treatment. If the sensing member is thermally contracted a uniform radial tension will result, and if the clamping member is contracted a uniform clamping force applied to the device for tensioning the diaphragm will be provided without the necessity of clamping bolts.

Abstract: A pressure sensing device is disclosed having the pressure sensing diaphragm positioned in a housing which is not stressed or enlarged by large static pressure. The housing is attached within a recess of a larger casing by means of a support diaphragm. The recesses are communicated with the interior of the housing by passages therethrough to equalize the pressure inside and outside the housing. The outer side of each casing forms a pressure reception chamber with a respective pressure receiving diaphragm. The latter chambers communicate with the recess via passages in the casing. The space between the pressure sensitive diaphragm and each pressure receiving diaphragm, including the housing interior chamber, the housing passage, the casing recess, the casing passage and the pressure receptive chamber, is filled with a fluid. The construction and filling is such that overpressure on one pressure receiving diaphram causes the entire housing to move toward the inner wall of the casing.

Abstract: A differential pressure measuring cell includes a capacitive-type measuring chamber having a relatively rigid diaphragm, an auxiliary chamber having a relatively flexible diaphragm, a casing defining first and second recesses surrounding the auxiliary and measuring chambers, respectively, passages connecting one side of the auxiliary chamber and measuring chamber with the first recess and a first pressure-receiving chamber, and passages connecting the other side of the auxiliary chamber and measuring chamber with the second recess and a second pressure-receiving chamber. Radial expansion of the auxiliary and measuring chambers is prevented by the static counterpressures present in the first and second recesses.