Abstract: A process for producing a carbon material comprising heating a compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C12 hydrocarbon group which may be substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a C1-C6 alkoxy group, a C6-C20 aryloxy group, a sulfonyl group, a nitro group, a C1-C6 thioalkyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, a C2-C20 acylamino group and a halogen atom, R? represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n represents an integer of 3 to 7, at 800 to 3,000° C. under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon material comprising the following steps (A) and (B): Step (A): a step of reacting a compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R represents a hydrogen atom etc., R? represents a hydrogen atom etc., and n represents 3, 5 or 7, with an aldehyde compound to obtain a polymer, Step (B): a step of heating the polymer obtained in Step (A) at 600 to 3000° C. under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, an electrode and a carbonaceous material. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery has an electrode containing a carbonaceous material obtained by a production method comprising a step of heating a compound of formula (1) or a calcination product of the compound, under an inert gas atmosphere in the range of from 200° C. to 3000° C.: wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, a sulfonyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a thioalkyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an amino group or an amide group may be attached to the hydrocarbon group; R? represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; n represents 3, 5 or 7.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor comprising an electrode containing an activated carbon, an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte and a separator, wherein the electrolyte is an imidazolium salt represented by the following formula (1) (wherein R and R? each independently represent alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 to R3 each independently represent hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X? represents a counter ion), and the activated carbon is produced by carbonizing an organic aerogel obtained by polymerizing a phenolic compound having at least one hydroxyl group in its molecule with an aldehyde compound in an aqueous solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: An activated carbon comprising a carbonized and activated compound represented by the formula (1): (wherein, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, said hydrocarbon group may be optionally substituted with hydroxyl group, alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl group, aryloxy group, sulfonyl group, halogen atoms, nitro group, thioalkyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, amino group or amide group, R? represents hydrogen atom or methyl group, and n represents an integer of 4, 6, or 8).

Abstract: Provided are an organic silicon compound of the following formula (I): (wherein, R1 to R20 represent each independently alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, aryl, dialkylamino or the like, and the aryloxy and aryl may be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy and alkoxyalkyl.) which can be used for suppression of coloration and thermal deterioration of an organic material in molding, and an organic material composition containing the organic silicon compound and a method of producing the organic silicon compound.

Abstract: An activated carbon comprising a carbonized and activated compound represented by the formula (1): (wherein, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, said hydrocarbon group may be optionally substituted with hydroxyl group, alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl group, aryloxy group, sulfonyl group, halogen atoms, nitro group, thioalkyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, amino group or amide group, R? represents hydrogen atom or methyl group, and n represents an integer of 4, 6, or 8).

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor comprising an electrode containing an activated carbon, an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte and a separator, wherein the electrolyte is an imidazolium salt represented by the following formula (1) (wherein R and R? each independently represent alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 to R3 each independently represent hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X? represents a counter ion), and the activated carbon is produced by carbonizing an organic aerogel obtained by polymerizing a phenolic compound having at least one hydroxyl group in its molecule with an aldehyde compound in an aqueous solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: Provided are an organic silicon compound of the following formula (I): (wherein, R1 to R20 represent each independently alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, aryl, dialkylamino or the like, and the aryloxy and aryl may be substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy and alkoxyalkyl.) which can be used for suppression of coloration and thermal deterioration of an organic material in molding, and an organic material composition containing the organic silicon compound and a method of producing the organic silicon compound.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing a phosphite of the formula (I): 1

Abstract: A pentavalent phosphorous compound represented by the formula (I): wherein RA forms a cyclic group together with E, O and P, E represents a direct bond or oxygen atom, F represents a connecting group, and RB represents a phenyl group which may be optionally substituted; and the pentavalent phosphorous compound is useful as a stabilizer for an organic material.

Abstract: A phosphite represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein n repesents 1 or 2; A represents alkylene; B represents a direct bond or alkylene; one of Y and Z represents a hydroxyl group, alkoxy or aralkyloxy, and the other one represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl; X represents a group of formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group, or R.sup.4 may be combined to form a direct bond, a sulfur bond (--S--), or an unsubstituted or substituted methylene group; R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group;R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; andR.sup.

Abstract: Phosphonites which are useful as a deterioration inhibitor for organic material and are represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X represents a connecting group, and R.sup.A represents a phenyl group which may be optionally substituted; and a process for producing the same are provided.

Abstract: A five-coordinate phosphorous compound which is useful as an stabilizer for organic materials and represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; X represents a direct bond, a sulfur atom or a group represented by --CHR.sup.6 -- wherein R.sup.6 represents hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, and a process for producing the compound (I) are provided.

Abstract: Phosphites inhibitors for organic material represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group; R.sup.3 is hydrogen atom or alkyl; X is a direct bond, sulfur atom, or methylene group which may optionally be substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl; A represents a dihydric alcohol residue; B is a direct bond or alkylene; and one of Y and Z represents an alkoxy group or an aralkyloxy group, and the other one represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and a process for producing the same are provided.

Abstract: A phosphite stabilizer for organic material is represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or phenyl; R is hydrogen or alkyl; X is a direct bond, sulfur atom or a --CHR.sup.6 group in which R.sup.6 represents hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl; A is an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or *--COR.sup.7 -- in which R.sup.7 is a direct bond or alkyl group, and * represents the bond to the oxygen atom of the phenoxy radical; and one of Y and Z represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group or an aralkoxy group and the other one represents atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: Phosphites which are useful as a deterioration inhibitor for organic material and are represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group;R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group, or the two R.sup.4 together form a direct bond, a group represented by --S-- or an optionally substituted methylene group;A represents an alkylene group;W represents a group represented by --O-- or a group represented by --NR.sup.7wherein R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, etc.;B represents an alkylene group;and one of Y and Z represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group or an aralkyloxy group, and the other one represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: An organic phosphorous compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group, or the two R.sup.4 may be combined with each other to form a direct bond, a sulfur bond (--S--), or aN optionally substituted methylene group; R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, or R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: Phosphites which are a deterioration inhibitors for organic material represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, or certain hydrocarbyl radicals; X represents a direct bond, a sulfur atom or a methylene group which may optionally be substituted; Z is --A.sup.1 --CO--O--Y.sup.1 or --A.sup.2 --O--CO--Y.sup.2 wherein A.sup.1 is a direct bond or an alkylene group; Y.sup.1 is aralkyl or aryl; A.sup.2 is a residue of a dihydric alcohol; and Y.sup.2 is alkyl, aralkyl or a phenyl group, and a process for producing the same are provided.