Abstract: A level control circuit that generates output signal for level control includes: a control information storage that stores control information corresponding to a signal level, a control information circuit that outputs the output signal for level control corresponding to the signal level of a first input signal based on the control information stored in the control information storage; and an information update circuit that updates the control information of the control information storage according to the signal level of a second input signal.

Abstract: An optical communication apparatus includes an optical signal transmitter for outputting an optical signal, an optical switch device for switching a route of the optical signal, a drive controller for supplying a drive current for controlling a route switching to the optical switch device, a cooling device for cooling the optical switch device on the basis of a control signal, a temperature controller for transmitting the control signal to the cooling device in order to keep a measured temperature at a specific temperature, where the measured temperature is related to a temperature of the optical switch device.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a metal-coated polyimide resin substrate that does not deteriorate the initial adhesion between the metal-coated polyimide resin film and the metal layer and has high adhesion after aging at 150° C. for 168 hours. [Solution] A metal-coated polyimide resin substrate in which a barrier layer is formed by a dry process after performing surface modification to one surface or both surfaces of a polyimide resin film by a dry process, a seed layer is thereafter formed by a wet process or a dry process, and a conductive film is formed on a surface layer thereof by a wet process; wherein, at the peeling surface on the conductive film layer side after the metal-coated polyimide resin substrate is subject to a 90-degree peel test, the thickness of a mixed layer of polyimide residue and barrier metal layer residue according to in-depth profiling with a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) is 0.

Abstract: An adhesive-free flexible laminate formed from a polyimide film in which at least one surface has been plasma treated, a tie-coat layer formed on the surface of the plasma-treated polyimide film, a metal seed layer made of either copper or copper alloy and which is formed on the tie-coat layer, and a metal conductive layer made of either copper or copper alloy and which is formed on the metal seed layer, wherein the atomic percent of Cu inclusion in the tie-coat layer is 0.5 at % or less. Consequently, provided is a flexible laminate capable of effectively inhibiting the deterioration of the peel strength upon producing a flexible laminate (in particular a two-layer metalizing laminate).

Abstract: [Object] To provide a metal-coated polyimide resin substrate that does not deteriorate the initial adhesion between the metal-coated polyimide resin film and the metal layer and has high adhesion after aging at 150° C. for 168 hours. [Solution] A metal-coated polyimide resin substrate in which a barrier layer is formed by a wet process after performing surface modification to one surface or both surfaces of a polyimide resin film by a wet process or a dry process or a combination thereof, a seed layer is thereafter formed by a wet process or a dry process, and a conductive film is formed on a surface layer thereof by a wet process; wherein, at the peeling surface on the conductive film layer side after the metal-coated polyimide resin substrate is subject to a 90-degree peel test, the thickness of a mixed layer of polyimide residue and barrier metal layer residue according to in-depth profiling with a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS) is 2.

Abstract: A level control circuit that generates output signal for level control includes: a control information storage that stores control information corresponding to a signal level, a control information circuit that outputs the output signal for level control corresponding to the signal level of a first input signal based on the control information stored in the control information storage; and an information update circuit that updates the control information of the control information storage according to the signal level of a second input signal.

Abstract: A low-temperature protective layer having AlN is grown on a rare earth perovskite substrate and a first GaN based semiconductor layer having Alx1Ga1-x1N where composition x1 of Al is 0.40?x1?0.45 is grown thereon. Then, a second GaN semiconductor layer having Alx2Ga1-x2N where composition x2 of Al is 0?x2?0.45 is grown on the first GaN based semiconductor layer.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes redundant line cards each installed with hardware and a CPU. The hardware obtains failure information on redundant lines including a working line and a protection line, and the CPU determines switching control of the redundant lines based on the obtained failure information. Further, the hardware switches the redundant lines based on switching control determined by the CPU, so as to transmit an SDH/SONET optical signal. In the apparatus, from or to hardware installed in each of the redundant line cards, the failure information obtained by the hardware is communicated to hardware installed in a neighboring line card.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes redundant line cards each having a plurality of ports, a hardware unit and a CPU. The hardware unit obtains failure information on redundant lines for each port. The CPU determines switching control of the redundant lines based on the failure information. Then, the hardware unit switches the redundant lines based on the switching control determined by the CPU, so as to transmit an SDH/SONET optical signal in a ring network. The CPU of one of the line cards is set as a master CPU on the corresponding line card to control switching of the redundant lines. Further, the CPU of the other line card is set as a slave CPU.

Abstract: A communication processing apparatus appends group information representing a group to received communication frames. Group information to be appended to the communication frames is changed on a predetermined cycle. The communication frames processed in each processing unit are counted separately for each of the group information appended, and the count value is collected in each processing unit. With a communication processing apparatus, such as a switch and a router, which has a plurality of processing units (device), performs processing by each of the processing units on the communication frames received from a receiving unit, and transmits the processed communication frames from a transmitting unit, it is possible to realize a communication processing apparatus and a totalizing system capable of accurately counting and collecting the communication frames while performing an operation when totalizing the number of communication frames processed in each of the processing units.

Abstract: In an optical transmission device, firmware that operates within a CPU of a first LIU and firmware that operates within a CPU of a second LIU periodically measure a load status of a CPU via an OS, respectively. Switchover control of a master CPU is performed according to a load status of a CPU measured by the firmware of each LIU. For example, when a load status of the CPU of the second LIU is lower than that of the CPU of the first LIU, a master CPU that performs switchover control of a predetermined port is switched to a slave CPU in the first LIU, and a slave CPU related to the predetermined port is switched to a master CPU in the second LIU, thereby dynamically changing the setting.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method, a probe, a primer, an antibody, a reagent, and a kit for assaying an action of a pladienolide derivative to a living subject. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for assaying an action of the pladienolide derivative using a decrease in gene expression level as an index.

Abstract: An optical communication apparatus includes an optical signal transmitter for outputting an optical signal, an optical switch device for switching a route of the optical signal, a drive controller for supplying a drive current for controlling a route switching to the optical switch device, a cooling device for cooling the optical switch device on the basis of a control signal, a temperature controller for transmitting the control signal to the cooling device in order to keep a measured temperature at a specific temperature, where the measured temperature is related to a temperature of the optical switch device.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method, a probe, a primer, an antibody, a reagent, and a kit for assaying an action of a pladienolide derivative to a living subject. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for assaying an action of the pladienolide derivative using splicing defect as an index.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes redundant line cards each installed with hardware and a CPU. The hardware obtains failure information on redundant lines including a working line and a protection line, and the CPU determines switching control of the redundant lines based on the obtained failure information. Further, the hardware switches the redundant lines based on switching control determined by the CPU, so as to transmit an SDH/SONET optical signal. In the apparatus, from or to hardware installed in each of the redundant line cards, the failure information obtained by the hardware is communicated to hardware installed in a neighboring line card.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes redundant line cards each having a plurality of ports, a hardware unit and a CPU. The hardware unit obtains failure information on redundant lines for each port. The CPU determines switching control of the redundant lines based on the failure information. Then, the hardware unit switches the redundant lines based on the switching control determined by the CPU, so as to transmit an SDH/SONET optical signal in a ring network. The CPU of one of the line cards is set as a master CPU on the corresponding line card to control switching of the redundant lines. Further, the CPU of the other line card is set as a slave CPU.

Abstract: A communication processing apparatus appends group information representing a group to received communication frames. Group information to be appended to the communication frames is changed on a predetermined cycle. The communication frames processed in each processing unit are counted separately for each of the group information appended, and the count value is collected in each processing unit. With a communication processing apparatus, such as a switch and a router, which has a plurality of processing units (device), performs processing by each of the processing units on the communication frames received from a receiving unit, and transmits the processed communication frames from a transmitting unit, it is possible to realize a communication processing apparatus and a totalizing system capable of accurately counting and collecting the communication frames while performing an operation when totalizing the number of communication frames processed in each of the processing units.

Abstract: A communication processing apparatus appends group information representing a group to received communication frames. Group information to be appended to the communication frames is changed on a predetermined cycle. The communication frames processed in each processing unit are counted separately for each of the group information appended, and the count value is collected in each processing unit. With a communication processing apparatus, such as a switch and a router, which has a plurality of processing units (device), performs processing by each of the processing units on the communication frames received from a receiving unit, and transmits the processed communication frames from a transmitting unit, it is possible to realize a communication processing apparatus and a totalizing system capable of accurately counting and collecting the communication frames while performing an operation when totalizing the number of communication frames processed in each of the processing units.

Abstract: A path protection method is disclosed that is capable of path protection without extra cost and able to improve path switching efficiency. The method includes the steps of associating a virtual network identifier assigned to one or more users with a virtual network identifier for management, the virtual network identifier assigned to one or more users being regarded as one path to set a path for current use and a spare path; and when switching the currently-used path and the spare path, according to service class information included in the virtual network identifier for management, a path corresponding to a virtual network identifier for management having a higher service class than other paths is preferentially switched to.

Abstract: In a voice interaction apparatus for performing voice response services utilizing voice, a voice recognizer detects an interaction response content (keywords, unnecessary words, unknown words, and silence) indicating a psychology of a voice-inputting person at a time of a voice interaction, an input state analyzer analyzes the interaction response content and classifies the psychology of the voice-inputting person into predetermined input state information, and a scenario analyzer selects a scenario for a voice-inputting person based on the input state information.