Abstract: A substrate processing method includes: (a) providing a substrate including a first region containing a first material including silicon and a second region containing a second material different from the first material; (b) etching the second region while forming a metal-containing layer on the first region, by a plasma generated from a processing gas including halogen and metal; (c) removing the metal-containing layer with a base.

Abstract: An etching method includes (a) providing a substrate. The substrate includes a first region and a second region. The second region contains silicon oxide, and the first region contains a material different from a material for the second region. The etching method further includes (b) forming a deposit preferentially on the first region with first plasma generated from a first process gas containing a carbon monoxide gas. The etching method further includes (c) etching the second region.

Abstract: A flush toilet includes a toilet bowl part structured to have a bowl-like waste receiving surface, a rim part structured to form an upper end side portion of the toilet bowl part, and a water discharge part structured to discharge flush water into the toilet bowl part to form a swirling flow, wherein one surface part out of a front surface part and a rear surface part of the toilet bowl part is provided with one end part of a front-rear direction of the toilet bowl part, and the flush toilet further comprises an upper guide part structured to be provided on a flush water path from the water discharge part to the one end part and guide at least a part of the flush water upward.

Abstract: A photographic device, includes a shake detector, a shake mitigator, a first commander, and a shake controller. The shake detector detects a device shake, that is, a shaking of the photographic device. The shake mitigator mitigates the effects of the device shake to reduce an image shake that is a shake of a photographed subject image. The first commander commands the photographic device to photograph the subject image. The shake controller controls the shake mitigator so that the shake mitigator refrains from mitigating the effects of the device shake from the point when the first commander commands the photographic device to photograph the subject image, until the point when photographing the subject image commences.

Abstract: A photographic device, includes a shake detector, a shake mitigator, a first commander, and a shake controller. The shake detector detects a device shake, that is, a shaking of the photographic device. The shake mitigator mitigates the effects of the device shake to reduce an image shake that is a shake of a photographed subject image. The first commander commands the photographic device to photograph the subject image. The shake controller controls the shake mitigator so that the shake mitigator refrains from mitigating the effects of the device shake from the point when the first commander commands the photographic device to photograph the subject image, until the point when photographing the subject image commences.

Abstract: The present invention is a communication state activation material characterized in that a composition containing at least zirconium oxide and thorium oxide is contained. Preferably, the composition further contains at least one component selected from among aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, rare earth oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide and powdery aluminum. The content of the composition in the material may be 3 mass % or more.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: A lens barrier apparatus includes a lens barrier having opened and closed positions, The lens barrier is positioned on the front face of a lens barrel and protects a camera lens. A motor which drives the opening/closing of the lens barrier and an encoder outputs a predetermined signal together with the rotation of the motor. A drive control when a battery is loaded in the camera, drives the motor in a direction in which the lens barrier is closed and, when the predetermined signal is not output from the encoder during the driving process, drives the motor in a direction in which the lens barrier is opened and then drives the motor in the direction in which the lens barrier is closed again.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: There is provided a distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera provided with a photographic lens, a focal length of the photographic lens being variable.

Abstract: A camera with lens barrier apparatus in which the lens barrier apparatus is driven by a motor that is also used to drive another mechanical element in the camera. The motor is switched between the lens barrier apparatus and the mechanical element by the movement of a lens barrel. In this arrangement, the driving of the lens barrier apparatus and the mechanical element are controlled in accordance with the output of a single sensor, for example an encoder.The driving of the lens barrier apparatus is controlled such that the barrier will not close unless the lens barrel is at the housed position and such that if the lens barrier does not open, the lens barrel will not move. The driving is further controlled such that if the lens barrier apparatus does not move to its intended state, the drive is reversed prior to again attempting to drive to the intended state.

Abstract: A zoom camera includes a lens that is movable from a housed position to an arbitrary position in a photographing enabling range. A lens driver drives the lens, a lens barrier moves between opened and closed positions, and lens barrier closing mechanism moves the lens barrier between an opened position and the closed position. A detector detects that the lens has moved from a position within the photography enabling range to the housed position and controller prevents the lens barrier closing mechanism from moving the lens barrier to the closed position unless the lens is at the housed position.

Abstract: A zoom camera has a lens barrier apparatus, a front lens group, a rear lens group, a rear lens group is lens barrel that houses said front lens group and said rear lens group, said rear lens group is supported such that a distance between the front lens group and the rear lens group is changeable, and the lens barrel is movable between a housed position, at which the lens barrel is retracted furtherest with respect to the camera body, and a photo-ready range, at which the lens barrel is extended from the housed position. A rear group moving device is mounted on the lens barrel, for moving the rear lens group relative to the front lens group. An entire movement device moves the lens barrel without changing a distance between the front lens group and the rear lens group, and a lens barrier apparatus, which is provided with barrier blades that are mounted on the front end of the lens barrel is provided.

Abstract: An exposure controlling device comprises, a controlling unit that controls, at the time of an exposure, the DC motor to rotate forward to open the shutter blades and then to rotate reversely to close the shutter blades, a calculating unit that calculates a time period for driving the DC motor in the forward direction between a predetermined starting point and a point where a required aperture area is obtained, a detecting unit that detects the starting point that is an intermediate point of the range of a shutter actuation, and a timer for counting the calculated time period.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus in a lens-shutter type camera is provided with a photographic lens having variable focal length. The device includes a pair of image forming lenses each forming a subject image, a pair of line sensors on which the subject images are respectively formed through the pair of image forming lenses, the pair of line sensors each having a plurality of light receiving elements. The unit also includes a plurality of light receiving areas formed correspondingly on each of the pair of line sensors, the plurality of light receiving areas each including a predetermined number of the plurality of light receiving elements. The plurality of light receiving areas respectively receive different areas of a corresponding one of the subject images formed by the pair of image forming lenses, and each adjacent pair of light receiving areas of the plurality of light receiving areas overlap each other.

Abstract: A position detection system detects a position of a lens of a camera using a code plate provided with a plurality of electrodes arranged to form a plurality of patterns. The ends of the electrodes are respectively connected to a connecting point of a plurality of resistors connected in series, and a predetermined voltage is applied across the resistors. A conductive brush is provided such that, depending on the position of the lens, two of the electrodes are electrically connected by the brush, which short-circuits at least one of the plurality of resistors. Be detecting voltage at one of the connecting points of the resistors, which varies depending upon which resistor is short-circuited, the lens position is determined.