Abstract: The present invention relates to a torque measuring apparatus wherein an electromagnetic powder clutch is interposed between a power source and a load which is driven by the power source, wherein an exciting current of the electromagnetic powder clutch is controlled, to establish a slight slip state between an input side and an output side of the electromagnetic powder clutch, and wherein the exciting current of the electromagnetic powder clutch in the slight slip state is measured, thereby to measure the torque which is transmitted from the power source to the load.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic transmission for automobiles wherein a plurality of transmission ratios are achieved through selective operations of a plurality of hydraulic servo means, and consists in a speed change control unit of an automatic transmission for automobiles wherein hydraulic transfer valves which are operated by oil pressures are arranged between a hydraulic source and hydraulic servos, and the hydraulic transfer valves as desired are operated by combinations of a plurality of oil chambers to be supplied with the pressure oil, thereby to selectively operate the predetermined servo means.