Abstract: A method includes: installing a square calibration master on a table, and measuring each of measurement surfaces A, B, and C of the square calibration master by a position measurement sensor attached to a main spindle; calculating a first squareness between the measurement surfaces A and B; calculating a second squareness between the measurement surfaces A and C; calculating a difference between the first squareness and the second squareness; comparing the difference with a preliminarily set difference threshold value; calculating an average value of the first squareness and the second squareness when the difference is equal to or less than the difference threshold value, and calculating a corrected squareness based on an angular deviation and the first squareness or the second squareness when the difference exceeds the difference threshold value; and setting the compensation parameter based on the average value or the corrected squareness.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes: a main controlling circuit; a sub-controlling circuit group including a k-th sub-controlling circuit and a k+1-th sub-controlling circuit (k representing a natural number); and a head group including a k-th head and a k+1-th head. In a case where the main controlling circuit transmits print data to the sub-controlling circuit group, the k-th sub-controlling circuit obtains, from the print data, data with which printing is performed by the k-th head and transfers the print data, from which the obtained data is excluded, to the k+1-th sub-controlling circuit. The print data includes overlap data with which the printing is performed in an overlap area. The k+1-th sub-controlling circuit generates first print data and second print data based on the overlap data.

Abstract: An error identification method for identifying an error includes: securing a calibrator having three or more spheres on the table; measuring an initial position of the calibrator with a position measurement sensor tool; calculating a reference angle of each of the rotation axes for positioning the calibrator to a predetermined reference position using a measured value in the measuring; indexing each of the rotation axes individually to a plurality of indexed angles with respect to the reference angle and measuring a center position of a sphere of the calibrator secured on the table at each of the indexed angles with the position measurement sensor tool; and identifying a positioning error and a straightness error of the linear axis, a squareness error between the respective linear axes, and a position error and an inclination error of each of the rotation axes based on a measured value in the indexing.

Abstract: To provide a flaky silver powder having a tapped density of from 0.8 g/mL to 1.9 g/mL, and a cumulative 50th percentile particle diameter (D50) of from 2 ?m to 7 ?m, where the cumulative 50th percentile particle diameter (D50) is measured by laser diffraction or laser scattering particle size analysis.

Abstract: To provide a flaky silver powder having a tapped density of from 0.8 g/mL to 1.9 g/mL, and a cumulative 50th percentile particle diameter (D50) of from 2 ?m to 7 ?m, where the cumulative 50th percentile particle diameter (D50) is measured by laser diffraction or laser scattering particle size analysis.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of extracellular vesicles derived from a plant. A food composition comprising an effective amount of extracellular vesicles derived from a plant. A cosmetic composition comprising an effective amount of extracellular vesicles derived from a plant. For example, the plant is selected from the group consisting of coastal hog fennel, Madeira vine, lemongrass, green garlic, turmeric, crimson glory vine, and bitter melon.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes: a main controlling circuit; a sub-controlling circuit group including a k-th sub-controlling circuit and a k+1-th sub-controlling circuit (k representing a natural number); and a head group including a k-th head and a k+1-th head. In a case where the main controlling circuit transmits print data to the sub-controlling circuit group, the k-th sub-controlling circuit obtains, from the print data, data with which printing is performed by the k-th head and transfers the print data, from which the obtained data is excluded, to the k+1-th sub-controlling circuit. The print data includes overlap data with which the printing is performed in an overlap area. The k+1-th sub-controlling circuit generates first print data and second print data based on the overlap data.

Abstract: A plurality of sub control circuits are connected to respective ones of a plurality of head units. One of the plurality of sub control circuits is connected to a main control circuit so as to perform communication. The plurality of sub control circuits include a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The second control circuit is connected to the first control circuit in series so as to perform communication. The first control circuit is configured to: receive first data, the first data including a first parameter and a second parameter, the first parameter corresponding to the first control circuit, the second parameter corresponding to the second control circuit; and transmit the first data to the second control circuit. The second control circuit is configured to: receive the first data from the first control circuit; and delete the first parameter from the first data.

Abstract: There is provided a printing apparatus including: a main control circuit; a sub-control circuit group; and a head group. The sub-control circuit group includes a first sub-control circuit and a second sub-control circuit. The main control circuit is configured to reserve a main communication address space. The first sub-control circuit is configured to reserve a first sub-communication address space, and includes a first sub-memory. The first sub-control circuit is configured to: in a case that the data is written into a first main communication address space reserved in the main communication address space, write the data written into the first main communication address space into the first sub-memory; and in a case that the data is written into a second main communication address space reserved in the main communication address space, write the data written into the second main communication address space into the first sub-communication address space.

Abstract: An error identification method includes: installing a calibrator including a sphere row A and a sphere row B in which a plurality of spheres are linearly aligned in a direction perpendicular to the sphere row A on a table such that the sphere row A and the sphere row B are approximately parallel to respective two of the translational axes and measuring positions of a plurality of spheres of the sphere row A and the sphere row B using a position measurement sensor tool; rotating the calibrator to a plurality of angles around a normal direction on the upper surface of the table to install on the table and measuring each position of the plurality of spheres of the sphere row A and the sphere row B; and identifying an error of the translational axis based on measured values in the installing and the rotating.

Abstract: To provide a flaky silver powder having a tapped density of from 0.8 g/mL to 1.9 g/mL, and a cumulative 50th percentile particle diameter (D50) of from 2 ?m to 7 ?m, where the cumulative 50th percentile particle diameter (D50) is measured by laser diffraction or laser scattering particle size analysis.

Abstract: An error compensation method includes outputting at least one of a plurality of calibration-master conditions including a type of a calibration master that includes targets, obtaining measurement values of positions of the targets by detecting the positions of the plurality of targets under the calibration-master condition using a sensor mounted to the main spindle, and calculating an error value using the measurement value and a calibration value of the position of the target. The error compensation method further includes approximating a relation between the measurement values and the error values by a curve and a straight line, calculating a compensation parameter of a positioning error of a translational axis based on an approximate curve in a partial range of a stroke of the translational axis, and calculating the compensation parameter of the positioning error based on an approximate straight line in another range of the stroke of the translational axis.

Abstract: A calibration master installing jig for installing a calibration master in a predetermined direction on a table when the calibration master installed in the predetermined direction on the table is measured using a sensor mounted to a spindle head in a machine tool. The machine tool includes two or more translational axes and the table provided with a plurality of slots or tap holes. The calibration master installing jig includes a plate and a plurality of rod materials. A plurality of holes are provided in the plate. The plurality of rod materials are insertable into the holes. By putting the plurality of rod materials individually inserted into any given plurality of the holes into any of the slots or the tap holes, any given side surface of the plate or a straight line connecting the plurality of rod materials becomes parallel to the predetermined direction on the table.

Abstract: A plurality of sub control circuits are connected to respective ones of a plurality of head units. One of the plurality of sub control circuits is connected to a main control circuit so as to perform communication. The plurality of sub control circuits include a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The second control circuit is connected to the first control circuit in series so as to perform communication. The first control circuit is configured to: receive first data, the first data including a first parameter and a second parameter, the first parameter corresponding to the first control circuit, the second parameter corresponding to the second control circuit; and transmit the first data to the second control circuit. The second control circuit is configured to: receive the first data from the first control circuit; and delete the first parameter from the first data.

Abstract: A method includes: installing a square calibration master on a table, and measuring each of measurement surfaces A, B, and C of the square calibration master by a position measurement sensor attached to a main spindle; calculating a first squareness between the measurement surfaces A and B; calculating a second squareness between the measurement surfaces A and C; calculating a difference between the first squareness and the second squareness; comparing the difference with a preliminarily set difference threshold value; calculating an average value of the first squareness and the second squareness when the difference is equal to or less than the difference threshold value, and calculating a corrected squareness based on an angular deviation and the first squareness or the second squareness when the difference exceeds the difference threshold value; and setting the compensation parameter based on the average value or the corrected squareness.

Abstract: An error identification method for identifying an error includes: securing a calibrator having three or more spheres on the table; measuring an initial position of the calibrator with a position measurement sensor tool; calculating a reference angle of each of the rotation axes for positioning the calibrator to a predetermined reference position using a measured value in the measuring; indexing each of the rotation axes individually to a plurality of indexed angles with respect to the reference angle and measuring a center position of a sphere of the calibrator secured on the table at each of the indexed angles with the position measurement sensor tool; and identifying a positioning error and a straightness error of the linear axis, a squareness error between the respective linear axes, and a position error and an inclination error of each of the rotation axes based on a measured value in the indexing.

Abstract: An error identification method includes: installing a calibrator including a sphere row A and a sphere row B in which a plurality of spheres are linearly aligned in a direction perpendicular to the sphere row A on a table such that the sphere row A and the sphere row B are approximately parallel to respective two of the translational axes and measuring positions of a plurality of spheres of the sphere row A and the sphere row B using a position measurement sensor tool; rotating the calibrator to a plurality of angles around a normal direction on the upper surface of the table to install on the table and measuring each position of the plurality of spheres of the sphere row A and the sphere row B; and identifying an error of the translational axis based on measured values in the installing and the rotating.

Abstract: An error measurement method for a machine tool measures an error in a machine tool that includes two or more translational axes, a table, and a spindle head. The error measurement method includes installing a masterwork having a plurality of targets on the table and detecting a position of each of the targets using a sensor mounted to the spindle head to acquire a measured value regarding the position of each of the targets and to acquire an error value regarding the position of each of the targets using each of the acquired measured values and a preliminarily acquired calibration value regarding the position of each of the targets. The error measurement method further includes calculating at least one disturbance index value indicative of a degree of disturbance in the measurement for each of the targets, and determining whether the disturbance index value exceeds a preliminarily set threshold.

Abstract: A numerical control device for a machine tool controls a machine tool having a main spindle for attaching a tool, a table holding a workpiece and a jig, three translational axes, and one or more rotation axis. The numerical control device includes an axis-dependent deformation error estimation unit, an input unit, a gravitational deformation estimation unit, a correction value calculation unit, and an addition unit. The correction value calculation unit calculates a correction value of the translational axes and/or the rotation axis with respect to an error of a position and/or a posture of the tool with respect to the workpiece, based on an estimated value of an axis-dependent deformation error, an estimated value of a gravitational deformation error, and command values. The addition unit adds the correction values to the command values.

Abstract: An embolic coil is formed by being spirally wound by an element wire and is filled into an aneurysm. The embolic coil includes: a first coil portion, in which a large-diameter coil portion wound to have a large diameter D1 and a small-diameter coil portion wound to have a diameter D2 smaller than the large-diameter coil portion are arranged in a plurality of coils and alternately in a longitudinal direction Y of the embolic coil. A second coil portion is wound to be continuous with the first coil portion and to have a surface flatter than the first coil portion.