Abstract: A housing accommodates an optical waveguide substrate, plural signal light receiving elements, and a signal-light-level monitoring light receiving element. Signal light and locally oscillated light are input into optical waveguides in the optical waveguide substrate from a first end face of the optical waveguide substrate. The plural signal light receiving elements are disposed aligned on a side of a second end face opposite to a side of the first end face of the optical waveguide substrate. The signal-light-level monitoring light receiving element is disposed on a side of a third end face or a fourth end face between the first end face and the second end face of the optical waveguide substrate and at a position closer to the first end face than to the second end face.

Abstract: A housing accommodates an optical waveguide substrate, plural signal light receiving elements, and a signal-light-level monitoring light receiving element. Signal light and locally oscillated light are input into optical waveguides in the optical waveguide substrate from a first end face of the optical waveguide substrate. The plural signal light receiving elements are disposed aligned on a side of a second end face opposite to a side of the first end face of the optical waveguide substrate. The signal-light-level monitoring light receiving element is disposed on a side of a third end face or a fourth end face between the first end face and the second end face of the optical waveguide substrate and at a position closer to the first end face than to the second end face.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a laminate excellent in weather resistance, gas barrier property and long-term stability of adhesion between layers. A method for producing a laminate comprising a substrate sheet containing a fluororesin and a gas barrier film directly laminated on at least one side of the substrate sheet, wherein the gas barrier film contains as the main component an inorganic compound comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon, and silicon or aluminum, and the gas barrier film is formed on the substrate sheet by a high-frequency plasma chemical vapor deposition method at a frequency of 27.12 MHz.

Abstract: To provide a laminate excellent in weather resistance, moisture-proof property, adhesion between layers and its long-term stability, and a process for its production. A laminate comprising a substrate sheet containing a fluororesin, an adhesive layer, and a moisture-proof layer containing, as the main component, at least one inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of an inorganic oxide, an inorganic nitride and an inorganic oxynitride, laminated in this order, wherein the adhesive layer contains, as the main component, at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide and hafnium oxide.

Abstract: To provide a laminate excellent in weather resistance, moisture-proof property, adhesion between layers and its long-term stability, and a process for its production. A laminate comprising a substrate sheet containing a fluororesin, an adhesive layer, and a moisture-proof layer containing, as the main component, at least one inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of an inorganic oxide, an inorganic nitride and an inorganic oxynitride, laminated in this order, wherein the adhesive layer contains, as the main component, at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide and hafnium oxide.

Abstract: To provide an agricultural film which has high transparency and which has a coating film formed with excellent abrasion resistance (adhesion), hydrophilicity (anti-fogging, wettability and anti-fouling) and hydrophilic durability. An agricultural film 10 comprising a base material film 12 and a porous hydrophilic coating film 14 formed on the base material film 12. The hydrophilic coating film 14 contains boehmite particles, silica particles and a binder, wherein (a) the atomic ratio of Al to Si (Al/Si) is from 0.2 to 5.0, (b) the average particle diameter of the silica particles is from 5 to 50 nm, and (c) the crystallite diameter of the boehmite particles, as calculated from the diffraction peak of the (120) plane is from 20 to 50 nm. The hydrophilic coating film 14 is formed by applying a composition comprising boehmite particles, silica particles, a binder and water, on a surface of a base material film, followed by drying.

Abstract: To provide a laminate which is excellent in weather resistance and moisture-proofing property and also excellent in interlayer adhesion and its long-term stability, and a process for its production. A laminate which comprises a substrate sheet containing a fluororesin, an adhesion layer containing an acrylic resin, and a moisture-proofing layer containing, as its main component, at least one inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of inorganic oxides, inorganic nitrides and inorganic oxynitrides, laminated in this order, wherein the surface composition (as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) of the surface in contact with the adhesion layer, of the substrate sheet, is such that the atomic percentage of nitrogen is at least 0.2 at % and at most 3.0 at %, and the atomic percentage of oxygen is at least 1.0 at % and at most 5.0 at %.

Abstract: To provide a laminate excellent in weather resistance, moisture-proof property, adhesion between layers and its long-term stability, and a process for its production. A laminate comprising a substrate sheet containing a fluororesin, an adhesive layer, and a moisture-proof layer containing, as the main component, at least one inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of an inorganic oxide, an inorganic nitride and an inorganic oxynitride, laminated in this order, wherein the adhesive layer contains, as the main component, at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide and hafnium oxide.

Abstract: A laminated sheet comprising a woven or nonwoven fabric comprising glass fibers fixed by a binder, and a fluororesin film laminated on each other, wherein the binder contains a copolymer (A) having repeating units (a1) based on at least one fluoromonomer selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene, and repeating units (a2) based on at least one non-fluoromonomer selected from the group consisting of a vinyl ether, a vinyl ester, an isopropenyl ether, an isopropenyl ester, an allyl ether and an allyl ester.

Abstract: To provide an enclosure structure for a building, which can maintain a high power generation efficiency without formation of irregularities on the surface of the enclosure such as a roof, nor application of an external force to solar battery modules, and which can form a lightweight enclosure capable of photovoltaic generation. An enclosure structure for a building, comprising an outer film material made of a light transmitting material and arranged on the outer surface side of the building, an inner film material arranged along inside of the outer film material, an intermediate film material disposed between the outer film material and the inner film material, an air supply means for supplying air to the space between the outer film material and the inner film material, and solar battery modules 7 provided on the inner surface of the intermediate film material.

Abstract: To provide a coating composition capable of forming a hydrophilic coating film which has high transparency and which is excellent in abrasion resistance (adhesion), hydrophilicity (anti-fogging, wettability and anti-fouling properties) and hydrophilic durability. A coating composition for forming a hydrophilic coating film, which comprises boehmite particles, silica particles, a binder and water, wherein the crystallite diameter of the boehmite particles, as calculated from the diffraction peak of the (120) plane, is from 20 to 50 nm, the average particle diameter of the silica particles is from 5 to 50 nm, the proportion of the boehmite particles is from 20 to 80 mass % based on the total amount of the boehmite particles and the silica particles, and the proportion of the binder is from 0.5 to 15 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass in total of the boehmite particles and the silica particles.

Abstract: To provide an agricultural film which has high transparency and which has a coating film formed with excellent abrasion resistance (adhesion), hydrophilicity (anti-fogging, wettability and anti-fouling) and hydrophilic durability. An agricultural film 10 comprising a base material film 12 and a porous hydrophilic coating film 14 formed on the base material film 12. The hydrophilic coating film 14 contains boehmite particles, silica particles and a binder, wherein (a) the atomic ratio of Al to Si (Al/Si) is from 0.2 to 5.0, (b) the average particle diameter of the silica particles is from 5 to 50 nm, and (c) the crystallite diameter of the boehmite particles, as calculated from the diffraction peak of the (120) plane is from 20 to 50 nm. The hydrophilic coating film 14 is formed by applying a composition comprising boehmite particles, silica particles, a binder and water, on a surface of a base material film, followed by drying.

Abstract: To provide an enclosure structure for a building, which can maintain a high power generation efficiency without formation of irregularities on the surface of the enclosure such as a roof, nor application of an external force to solar battery modules, and which can form a lightweight enclosure capable of photovoltaic generation. An enclosure structure for a building, comprising an outer film material made of a light transmitting material and arranged on the outer surface side of the building, an inner film material arranged along inside of the outer film material, an intermediate film material disposed between the outer film material and the inner film material, an air supply means for supplying air to the space between the outer film material and the inner film material, and solar battery modules 7 provided on the inner surface of the intermediate film material.

Abstract: A film for a membrane structure, which comprises a film substrate containing a fluororesin, a photocatalyst layer and an interlayer interposed between the film substrate and the photocatalyst layer, wherein the fluororesin is at least one member selected from the group consisting of an ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer, a polyvinyl fluoride and a polyvinylidene fluoride; the interlayer contains an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer obtained by hydrolyzing/co-condensing at least one member selected from the group consisting of an organosilane, a hydrolysate of an organosilane and a condensate of an organosilane, and a silyl group-containing organic polymer; and the mass remaining ratio of the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer is from 50 to 80% at 500° C. measured by thermogravimetric analysis.

Abstract: To provide a laminated sheet which has high transparency and withstands long outdoor use, comprising a glass fiber cloth which is free from deformation of the cloth even in a step of bonding the cloth to a fluororesin film. A laminated sheet comprising a woven or nonwoven fabric comprising glass fibers fixed by a binder, and a fluororesin film laminated on each other, wherein the binder contains a copolymer (A) having repeating units (a1) based on at least one fluoromonomer selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene, and repeating units (a2) based on at least one non-fluoromonomer selected from the group consisting of a vinyl ether, a vinyl ester, an isopropenyl ether, an isopropenyl ester, an allyl ether and an allyl ester.

Abstract: A receiver optical sub-assembly includes a multilayered ceramic substrate mounted on an electrically conductive base. The multilayered ceramic substrate has a ground layer on the front surface. A light receiving element is mounted on the front surface of the multilayered ceramic substrate. A cap and the electrically conductive base enclose the multilayered ceramic substrate and the light receiving element. An electrically conductive body connects the ground layer to the electrically conductive base. Terminals are attached to the back surface of the multilayered ceramic substrate. The terminals project outside the electrically conductive base. A high frequency noise propagates from the ground layer to the base through the electrically conductive body. A sufficient amount of ground potential is obtained. Self-resonance is prevented. The multilayered ceramic substrate enables an enhanced density of the terminals based on a wiring pattern or patterns and a via or vias.

Abstract: A film for a membrane structure, which comprises a film substrate containing a fluororesin, a photocatalyst layer and an interlayer interposed between the film substrate and the photocatalyst layer, wherein the fluororesin is at least one member selected from the group consisting of an ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer, a polyvinyl fluoride and a polyvinylidene fluoride; the interlayer contains an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer obtained by hydrolyzing/co-condensing at least one member selected from the group consisting of an organosilane, a hydrolysate of an organosilane and a condensate of an organosilane, and a silyl group-containing organic polymer; and the mass remaining ratio of the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer is from 50 to 80% at 500° C. measured by thermogravimetric analysis.

Abstract: To provide an ink jet recording sheet for plate-making mask film, which has good exposure characteristics and which presents good air release when contacted with a photosensitive resin plate under reduced pressure. An ink jet recording sheet for plate-making mask film, which comprises a substrate sheet and a porous layer formed thereon and has a total luminous transmittance of at least 70% as stipulated by JIS-K7361-1, wherein the porous layer comprises 100 parts by mass of inorganic particles selected from the group consisting of alumina, alumina hydrate, silica and a silica-alumina composite and having an average particle size of at most 250 nm, from 1 to 30 parts by mass of a binder and from 0.1 to 3 parts by mass of porous particles having an average particle size of from 4 to 15 ?m and has a thickness of from 5 to 50 ?m and an Oken type smoothness of from 200 to 10,000 seconds as stipulated by J. TAPPI No. 5-2.

Abstract: An ink jet recording medium including a substrate, an ink receiving layer containing fine inorganic particles, formed on the substrate and a layer containing silica/alumina composite particles, formed on the ink receiving layer, wherein the layer containing silica/alumina composite particles, is a layer containing a xerogel having an average pore radius of at least 6.0 nm, obtained by removing a solvent from a silica/alumina composite sol containing agglomerated particles including silica and alumina.

Abstract: An ink jet recording medium comprising a substrate, an ink receiving layer containing fine inorganic particles, formed on the substrate and a layer containing silica/alumina composite particles, formed on the ink receiving layer, wherein the layer containing silica/alumina composite particles, is a layer containing a xerogel having an average pore radius of at least 6.0 nm, obtained by removing a solvent from a silica/alumina composite sol containing agglomerated particles comprising silica and alumina.