Abstract: In the filtration treatment for removing fungal cells and suspended matters from a cellulase-containing culture liquid in a method for manufacturing cellulase, a mixture of an inorganic filter aid and a culture liquid of filamentous fungus is used as a filter aid to obtain cellulase with its enzymatic activity maintained at a high level.

Abstract: An absolute encoder includes: a scale including an optical pattern that includes code patterns for a plurality of cycles; an illumination unit that outputs light for illuminating the scale; a light detection unit that detects light from the scale; a section determination unit that determines, for a region of the optical pattern divided into a plurality of sections, the section to which a code string belongs; and an absolute position calculation unit that obtains an absolute position of the scale on the basis of the section determined and the code string. When N is the number of the cycles of the code patterns on the scale, in a case where N is equal to two, the number of the sections is three or more, and in a case where N is equal to three or more, the number of the sections is N or more.

Abstract: A rotation speed detector includes: a base material to be attached to a rotating body; a first magnetic pole having an arcuate strip shape and provided on the base material; a second magnetic pole having an arcuate strip shape and provided on the base material; and a power generation element including a magnetic wire configured to cause a large Barkhausen effect, and a pickup coil. The power generation element is arranged to face the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole so that a longitudinal direction of the magnetic wire is provided along a radial direction of the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole. A non-magnetic gap is provided between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole.

Abstract: A rotation speed detector includes: a base material to be attached to a rotating body; a first magnetic pole having an arcuate strip shape and provided on the base material; a second magnetic pole having an arcuate strip shape and provided on the base material; and a power generation element including a magnetic wire configured to cause a large Barkhausen effect, and a pickup coil. The power generation element is arranged to face the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole so that a longitudinal direction of the magnetic wire is provided along a radial direction of the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole. A non-magnetic gap is provided between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for producing a porous film the composition enabling a decrease in a pore diameter of a produced porous film and improvement of a flow rate through the porous film, a method for producing a porous film, and a porous film. A composition for producing a porous film, the composition comprising at least one resin component (A) selected from a group consisting of polyamide acid, polyimide, a polyamide-imide precursor, polyamide-imide, and polyethersulfone, fine particles (B), and a solvent (S), the fine particles (B) comprising fine particles (B1) and fine particles (B2) having an average particle diameter larger than that of the fine particles (B1), the fine particles (B1) having an average particle diameter of smaller than 100 nm.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes: a magnetic member configured to cause a large Barkhausen effect; a power generation coil disposed so as to be wound around the magnetic member; and soft magnetic members formed at both end portions of the magnetic member so as to be in contact with the magnetic member and so as to press the magnetic member. Consequently, evenness of a magnetic flux density inside the magnetic member is increased, and the large Barkhausen effect is stably caused, whereby a highly stable power generation element is obtained.

Abstract: A power generation element includes a magnetic member that produces a large Barkhausen effect and magnetism collection members including an insertion part having the magnetic member inserted therethrough. The magnetism collection member includes a first component on an opposite side of a boundary plane to a magnetic field generation unit and a second component on the same side of the boundary plane as the magnetic field generation unit, the boundary plane passing through a center of an imaginary circle inscribed in the insertion part and having a diameter equal to a length of the insertion part in a third direction perpendicular to first and second directions, the first direction is a direction of the insertion of the magnetic member, and the second direction is a direction in which the magnetic field generation unit is disposed. A volume of the second component is larger than a volume of the first component.

Abstract: A power generation element includes a magnetic member that produces a large Barkhausen effect and magnetism collection members including an insertion part having the magnetic member inserted therethrough. The magnetism collection member includes a first component on an opposite side of a boundary plane to a magnetic field generation unit and a second component on the same side of the boundary plane as the magnetic field generation unit, the boundary plane passing through a center of an imaginary circle inscribed in the insertion part and having a diameter equal to a length of the insertion part in a third direction perpendicular to first and second directions, the first direction is a direction of the insertion of the magnetic member, and the second direction is a direction in which the magnetic field generation unit is disposed. A volume of the second component is larger than a volume of the first component.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes: a magnetic member configured to cause a large Barkhausen effect; a power generation coil disposed so as to be wound around the magnetic member; and soft magnetic members formed at both end portions of the magnetic member so as to be in contact with the magnetic member and so as to press the magnetic member. Consequently, evenness of a magnetic flux density inside the magnetic member is increased, and the large Barkhausen effect is stably caused, whereby a highly stable power generation element is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a gas separation method which is capable of desirably separating a slight amount of a component from a mixed gas under mild conditions such that the pressure difference between both sides of a gas separation membrane is 1 atmosphere or less; and a gas separation membrane which is suitable for use in this gas separation method. According to the present invention, in a gas separation method wherein a specific gas (A) in a mixed gas, which contains the specific gas (A) at a concentration of 1,000 ppm by mass or less, is selectively permeated with use of a gas separation membrane, an extremely thin gas separation membrane that has a film thickness of 1 ?m or less is used, so that the gas (A) is desirably separated under mild conditions such that the pressure difference between both sides of the gas separation membrane is 1 atmosphere or less.

Abstract: An encoder includes: a magnet rotatably supported; a control board including a magnetic field sensor that detects a magnetic field produced by the magnet and outputs a signal, and an arithmetic unit that detects rotation of the magnet on the basis of the output of the magnetic field sensor; a magnetic shielding cover made of a soft magnetic material; an encoder bracket used to fix the magnetic shielding cover; a protective cover fixed with being sandwiched between the magnetic shielding cover and the encoder bracket to cover the magnet and the control board to prevent entry of foreign substances; and a sealing member sandwiched between the protective cover and the encoder bracket. The magnetic shielding cover covers the magnet, the control board, and the protective cover, and the sealing member is compressed between the encoder bracket and the protective cover.

Abstract: In an aspect, the present invention provides a structure, a structure-manufacturing method, a cell-sorting method, or the like. In an aspect, a structure (1) of the present invention is a structure including a first substrate (10) and a second substrate (20) disposed to face one side of the first substrate (10), in which the first substrate (10) has a plurality of depressions (11) which are open to the other side of the first substrate and each of which has a size that enables each of the depressions to capture one unit of a cell, at least some of the depressions (11) have communication holes (12) which communicate with one side and the other side of the first substrate and each of which has a size that enables secretions secreted from the cell to move through the communication holes, the second substrate (20) can include accumulation portions (13) in which the secretions moving through the communication holes (12) are accumulated, and the accumulation portions (13) can correspond to the depressions (11).

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a surface treatment liquid that is capable of favorably hydrophilizing or hydrophobing surfaces of an object to be treated without having to include a film forming resin; and a surface treatment method using the surface treatment liquid. The present invention provides a surface treatment liquid which comprises (A) a resin and (C) a solvent, wherein as (A) the resin, a resin is used which has a weight average molecular weight of 100000 or more and contains a functional group I which comprises one group or more selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxyl group, and a functional group II which is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I.

Abstract: An encoder includes a magnetic sensor having higher detection sensitivity to a magnetic field applied in a reading direction, while having lower detection sensitivity to a magnetic field applied in a direction forming a greater angle with respect to the reading direction, an encoder substrate having the magnetic sensor mounted thereon, a magnetic shield to shield against a magnetic field including a side portion covering sides of the magnetic sensor and a top-side portion covering a top of the magnetic sensor, a permanent magnet located to face the encoder substrate, a shaft having the permanent magnet attached to a tip end of the shaft, and a bracket to support the shaft in a rotatable manner, wherein on the side portion of the magnetic shield, a notch as a connector insertion portion is located not to overlap an extended area of the magnetic sensor in the reading direction.

Abstract: To provide a surface treatment liquid capable of making a base material including polyorganosiloxane on at least a part of a surface thereof hydrophilic stably over a long period of time, and provide a surface treatment method using the surface treatment liquid. In a surface treatment liquid including (A) resin and a (B) solvent, as the (A) resin, resin having a functional group I that is a hydroxyl group and/or a cyano group is used, and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group other than the functional group I, and a ratio of a structural unit having an anionic group to total structural units of the (A) resin is 5 mol % or less, or resin including a cationic group including an anion moiety and a cation moiety that can be bonded to the (A) resin is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a gas separation method which is capable of desirably separating a slight amount of a component from a mixed gas under mild conditions such that the pressure difference between both sides of a gas separation membrane is 1 atmosphere or less; and a gas separation membrane which is suitable for use in this gas separation method. According to the present invention, in a gas separation method wherein a specific gas (A) in a mixed gas, which contains the specific gas (A) at a concentration of 1,000 ppm by mass or less, is selectively permeated with use of a gas separation membrane, an extremely thin gas separation membrane that has a film thickness of 1 ?m or less is used, so that the gas (A) is desirably separated under mild conditions such that the pressure difference between both sides of the gas separation membrane is 1 atmosphere or less.

Abstract: An encoder includes a magnetic sensor having higher detection sensitivity to a magnetic field applied in a reading direction, while having lower detection sensitivity to a magnetic field applied in a direction forming a greater angle with respect to the reading direction, an encoder substrate having the magnetic sensor mounted thereon, a magnetic shield to shield against a magnetic field including a side portion covering sides of the magnetic sensor and a top-side portion covering a top of the magnetic sensor, a permanent magnet located to face the encoder substrate, a shaft having the permanent magnet attached to a tip end of the shaft, and a bracket to support the shaft in a rotatable manner, wherein on the side portion of the magnetic shield, a notch as a connector insertion portion is located not to overlap an extended area of the magnetic sensor in the reading direction.

Abstract: To provide a piston for an internal combustion engine configured to ensure a required amount of cooling oil to be effectively guided to portions that need to be cooled and to achieve a lightweight structure. A piston 3 comprises a piston crown portion 24 including a top portion 21 and a pair of pin boss portions each having a piston pin hole to allow insertion of a piston pin and configures to be cooled by a cooling oil injected from an oil jet apparatus having a nozzle toward a back surface 30a of the top portion 21. The top portion 21 comprises cooling voids 29a, 29b provided near at least one of the pin boss portions inside the top portion 21 and inlet openings 35a, 35b provided on the back surface 30a and configured to guide the oil injected from the nozzle toward the cooling voids 29a and 29b.

Abstract: An encoder includes: a magnet rotatably supported; a control board including a magnetic field sensor that detects a magnetic field produced by the magnet and outputs a signal, and an arithmetic unit that detects rotation of the magnet on the basis of the output of the magnetic field sensor; a magnetic shielding cover made of a soft magnetic material; an encoder bracket used to fix the magnetic shielding cover; a protective cover fixed with being sandwiched between the magnetic shielding cover and the encoder bracket to cover the magnet and the control board to prevent entry of foreign substances; and a sealing member sandwiched between the protective cover and the encoder bracket. The magnetic shielding cover covers the magnet, the control board, and the protective cover, and the sealing member is compressed between the encoder bracket and the protective cover.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas-permeable membrane comprising a partial structure represented by formula (I) or formula (II), (wherein R1 and R2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aryloxy group, M1, M2 and M3 each independently represents a metal atom, m1 represents an integer, n1, n2 and n3 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 3, * represents a bonding hand), a composition for forming the gas-permeable membrane and a production process of the gas-permeable membrane.