Abstract: A stacking portion stacks a sheet processed by the processing portion. A lifting/lowering portion lifts and lowers the stacking portion. A displacement portion is provided on the stacking portion and displaced according to a presence or absence of the sheet on the stacking portion. An output portion is provided in the processing unit outputs an electric signal according to the displacement of the displacement portion. A reception portion is provided in the processing unit and receives the electric signal output from the output portion. The wiring portion is provided in the processing unit and connects the output portion and the reception portion. The determination portion determines the presence or absence of the sheet on the stacking portion according to the electric signal received by the reception portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing alkali hydroxide and method for operating apparatus for producing alkali hydroxide are provided. A cooling chamber through which a coolant can pass is constructed by placing a separation wall in a cathode chamber on a side opposite to an ion-exchange membrane, and a flow rate adjuster, such as manual valves, which can adjust the supply flow rate of the coolant is placed in each unit cell. The electrolytic temperature of each unit cell is regulated at an optimum operating temperature depending on the current density by adjusting the flow rate of the coolant without individually adjusting the flow rate of salt water supplied to the unit cell or the concentration of the salt water.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing alkali hydroxide and method for operating apparatus for producing alkali hydroxide are provided. A cooling chamber through which a coolant can pass is constructed by placing a separation wall in a cathode chamber on a side opposite to an ion-exchange membrane, and a flow rate adjuster, such as manual valves, which can adjust the supply flow rate of the coolant is placed in each unit cell. The electrolytic temperature of each unit cell is regulated at an optimum operating temperature depending on the current density by adjusting the flow rate of the coolant without individually adjusting the flow rate of salt water supplied to the unit cell or the concentration of the salt water.

Abstract: An acoustic communication system includes a first acoustic communication apparatus and a second acoustic communication apparatus. The first acoustic communication apparatus transmits a first acoustic wave to the second acoustic communication apparatus. The second acoustic communication apparatus transmits, as a response, a second acoustic wave to the first acoustic communication apparatus continuously in constant cycles until a next first acoustic wave is received. Each cycle includes a transmission period and a pause period.

Abstract: A first detection unit detects that a first stacking unit is positioned in a predetermined position and a second detection unit detects that a second stacking unit is positioned in a predetermined position. An upper surface detection unit detects one of a sheet stacked on the first stacking unit and an upper surface of the first stacking unit. It is determined that an error has occurred, when the sheet of the second size is set to be stacked, when the upper surface detection unit has detected a sheet stacked on the first stacking unit, and when the first stacking unit is not in the predetermined position and the second stacking unit is in the predetermined position.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing alkali hydroxide and method for operating apparatus for producing alkali hydroxide are provided. A cooling chamber through which a coolant can pass is constructed by placing a separation wall in a cathode chamber on a side opposite to an ion-exchange membrane, and a flow rate adjuster, such as manual valves, which can adjust the supply flow rate of the coolant is placed in each unit cell. The electrolytic temperature of each unit cell is regulated at an optimum operating temperature depending on the current density by adjusting the flow rate of the coolant without individually adjusting the flow rate of salt water supplied to the unit cell or the concentration of the salt water.

Abstract: A first detection unit detects that a first stacking unit is positioned in a predetermined position and a second detection unit detects that a second stacking unit is positioned in a predetermined position. An upper surface detection unit detects one of a sheet stacked on the first stacking unit and an upper surface of the first stacking unit. It is determined that an error has occurred, when the sheet of the second size is set to be stacked, when the upper surface detection unit has detected a sheet stacked on the first stacking unit, and when the first stacking unit is not in the predetermined position and the second stacking unit is in the predetermined position.

Abstract: An acoustic communication system includes a first acoustic communication apparatus and a second acoustic communication apparatus. The first acoustic communication apparatus transmits a first acoustic wave to the second acoustic communication apparatus. The second acoustic communication apparatus transmits, as a response, a second acoustic wave to the first acoustic communication apparatus continuously in constant cycles until a next first acoustic wave is received. Each cycle includes a transmission period and a pause period.

Abstract: In order to efficiently compensate for effects of the Doppler shift, a receiving device includes a Doppler estimator that estimates a Doppler-shift frequency fdc of a received signal. A multiplier and an LPF detect the received signal based on a carrier frequency fc of the received signal and the Doppler-shift frequency fdc estimated by the Doppler estimator 11. A timing corrector corrects a timing T for extracting symbols of the received signal after detection by the LPF so as to track the Doppler shift. A symbol extractor extracts received symbols from the received signal after detection by the LPF at a timing corrected by the timing corrector. An adaptive equalizer estimates and determines symbols from the received symbols extracted by the symbol extractor.

Abstract: In order to efficiently compensate for effects of the Doppler shift, a receiving device includes a Doppler estimator that estimates a Doppler-shift frequency fdc of a received signal. A multiplier and an LPF detect the received signal based on a carrier frequency fc of the received signal and the Doppler-shift frequency fdc estimated by the Doppler estimator 11. A timing corrector corrects a timing T for extracting symbols of the received signal after detection by the LPF so as to track the Doppler shift. A symbol extractor extracts received symbols from the received signal after detection by the LPF at a timing corrected by the timing corrector. An adaptive equalizer estimates and determines symbols from the received symbols extracted by the symbol extractor.