Abstract: A copolymer including a structural unit represented by General Formula (1) below and a structural unit represented by General Formula (2) below, where, in General Formula (1), R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and X is a hydrogen atom or a cation, where, in General Formula (2), L is an alkylene group having 2 or more but 18 or less carbon atoms.

Abstract: Plasma which is supplied from a supply passage (1) is accelerated with a Hall electric field (E) which is generated through interaction of electrons (e?) emitted from a cathode (3), a radial direction magnetic field (Bd), and an electric field (Ex).

Abstract: Ink includes water, a coloring material, and a copolymer including a first structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and a second structure unit including an anionic group. In the Chemical formula, R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, X represents an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, and Y represents a substituted or non-substituted straight-chain alkylene group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is an ink including: copolymer including at least one of structural unit of formula (1) and structural unit of formula (2); pigment having acid value of 15 ?mol/g and represented by formula (3); water; and water-soluble organic solvent. In formula (1), R1 represents hydrogen or methyl group. L1 represents alkylene group including 2-18 carbon atoms. In formula (2), R1 represents hydrogen or methyl group. L2 represents single bond or —(CH2)n-O— of which oxygen is bound with biphenyl. n represents integer of 2 through 18. In formula (3), R1 represents any one of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl group including 1-4 carbon atoms, alkoxy group including 1-4 carbon atoms, hydroxy, nitro, and alkyl substituted or unsubstituted amino group including 1-4 carbon atoms. n represents integer of 1 through 5. When n is a plural number, R1 may be identical or different. R2, R3, and R4 represent alkyl group including 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided are a plasma generation apparatus including a measurement device and capable of controlling conditions of plasma properly and stably, and a plasma thruster using the plasma generation apparatus. A plasma generation apparatus including a measurement device of the present invention includes a discharge vessel, a light-emitting monitor, a probe measuring instrument, a control device, and an optical axis driving unit. The discharge vessel ionizes gas which is introduced to an inside thereof so as to generate plasma. The light-emitting monitor measures electron density of the plasma by emission spectra of the plasma. The probe measuring instrument measures the electron density of the plasma by a probe disposed in the discharge vessel.

Abstract: A charging apparatus for an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle is parked on a power transmission unit provided on the ground, a power receiving unit provided on a lower surface of a vehicle body of the electric vehicle is aligned with the power transmission unit, and the power receiving unit receives electric power energy aerially fed from the power transmission unit to charge a battery mounted on the electric vehicle in a non-contact manner, and the charging apparatus includes a shielding unit for shielding an operation surface of the power receiving unit from outside without hindering power transmission and receiving action. A rolling screen is preferable as the shielding unit.

Abstract: Provided is an ink containing a copper phthalocyanine pigment, wherein an absorbance ratio (Y/X) of a local minimum absorbance Y of the ink in a wavelength range of from 665 nm through 675 nm to a local maximum absorbance X of the ink in a wavelength range of from 610 nm through 620 nm is 0.660 or greater but 0.740 or less.

Abstract: In an electronic component mounting method, electronic components are picked up from a component supply unit in which two tray supply mechanisms are arranged, and mounted on substrates. In the method, both of the tray supply mechanisms are allowed to hold trays storing therein the electronic components to be mounted on the substrates. If shortage of the components occurs in one tray supply mechanism during a component mounting process, a target for picking up the electronic components is switched to the other tray supply mechanism. If use stop setting indicating that the pickup of the electronic components is no longer conducted is enabled in one tray supply mechanism, the controller prohibits an access of a mounting head to the one tray supply mechanism, and permits an operation access of an operator to a tray housing unit of the one tray supply mechanism.

Abstract: An ink includes a pigment, a wax, a water soluble solvent including a solvent having an SP value of from 9.0 to 11.0, and water, wherein the mass ratio of the content of the wax in the ink to the content of the solvent having an SP value of from 9.0 to 11.0 is in a range of from 1.0:2.5 to 1.0:25.0.

Abstract: An automatic transmission for an electric vehicle includes: a belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism; a constantly meshed parallel shaft type gear transmission mechanism which is connected to an output portion of the belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism, and which has a plurality of shift stages; an input gear which is disposed to the input shaft to be rotated relative to the input shaft, and which is drivingly connected to one of a plurality of shift gears fixed to an output side shaft of the constantly meshed parallel shaft type gear transmission mechanism; and an engaging clutch mechanism which is disposed to the input shaft, and which selectively connects one of the input portion of the belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism and the input gear to the main electric motor.

Abstract: A copolymer includes the structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 1 and the structure unit represented by the following Chemical formula 2, where R1 and R2 each, independently represent hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, and n represents a value in the range of from 1 to 90, where R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and L represents an alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In an electronic component mounting method, electronic components are picked up from a component supply unit in which first and second tray supply mechanisms are arranged, and mounted on substrates. In the method, a first substrate and a second substrate different in type from the first substrate are transported by first and second substrate transport lanes, respectively, and a first component to be mounted on the first substrate and a second component to be mounted on the second substrate are supplied by the first and second tray supply mechanisms, respectively. If use stop setting indicating that the pickup of the electronic components is no longer conducted is enabled in one tray supply mechanism, the controller prohibits an access of a mounting head to the one tray supply mechanism, and permits an operation access of an operator to a tray housing unit of the one tray supply mechanism.

Abstract: In a production management method of a substrate in a component mounting system having plural component mounting lines configured to include plural component mounting apparatuses, reading production data of an interrupt type substrate; collecting equipment data of each of the component mounting lines; and determining at least one component mounting line to produce the interrupt type substrate based on the read production data of the interrupt type substrate and the collected equipment data of each of the component mounting lines are performed.

Abstract: Consumed energy is minimized to reduce running cost. Final formed products of uniform quality are successively obtained. High productivity is provided. A primary forming step of obtaining a primary formed product by plastically working a heated steel sheet with a primary forming die set for a predetermined time period, a secondary forming step of machining the primary formed product with the secondary forming die set for a predetermined time period to obtain a secondary formed product, and a hardening step of allowing a cooling die set placed in a hydraulic press controlled by a servomotor to hold the secondary formed product under pressure for a longer time period than the time period of each of the primary and secondary forming steps to obtain a hardened final formed product are successively performed in sequence. The hardening step is performed independently without coordinating with the primary and secondary forming steps.

Abstract: There is provided a component arrangement determination method, in a component mounting apparatus including a plurality of component supply units for supplying components, for determining arrangement of the component supply units used for production of a plurality of types of component mounted boards. The method includes specifying a production frequency of each of the plurality of types of component mounted boards for a predetermined period of time, grouping the plurality of types of component mounted boards into a plurality of groups capable of being produced without changing the arrangement of the component supply units based on the production frequency, and determining arrangement, in the component mounting apparatus, of the component supply units for supplying components necessary for production of types of component mounted boards that belong to each group of the plurality of groups.

Abstract: A copolymer includes a structure unit represented by Chemical Formula I; and a structure unit represented by Chemical Formula II, where R1 and R2 each, independently represent hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, X represents a hydrogen atom or a cation, and L represents an alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A component mounting method is provided in a component mounting apparatus that mounts a component onto a board using a plurality of pieces of production data linked to component data. The method includes executing, when the component data is changed, a simulation of a production cycle time based on the production data, and comparing a simulation result of the production cycle time after change of the component data with a production cycle time or a simulation result of the production cycle time before change of the component data, and outputting a comparison result.

Abstract: A component mounting method is provided in a component mounting apparatus that mounts a component onto a board using a plurality of pieces of production data linked to component data. The method includes executing, when the component data is changed, a simulation of a production cycle time based on the production data, and making an improvement plan for the production cycle time as a target based on a simulation result after change of the component data, and outputting the improvement plan.

Abstract: An electronic component mounting system includes a component mounting line formed by interconnecting component mounting units which concurrently performs component mounting work on two kinds of boards different in mounting workload. The component mounting units includes: first and second board conveyance mechanisms; a component mounting unit; a board distribution unit which receives the board from the upstream-side apparatus and distributes the received board to either the first board conveyance mechanism or the second board conveyance mechanism; and a distribution control unit which controls the first board conveyance mechanism, the second board conveyance mechanism and the board distribution unit. The distribution control unit mixedly distributes the two kinds of the boards to each of the first and second board conveyance mechanisms based on a board request signal issued from a most-upstream component mounting unit in the component mounting line.

Abstract: Component information including operating parameters for numerical determination of an operation mode of an electronic component mounting operation unit and a change history of the component information are stored in a component information change history storage unit. A mounting error occurring during an electronic component mounting operation is detected, mounting error information relating to an occurrence situation of the mounting error is recorded, and a transition of the mounting error is displayed on a display unit. When the component information is changed, the past mounting error information in which the mounting error information relating to the mounting error occurring during the electronic component mounting operation for the electronic component as changed is associated with the past component information immediately before the change is stored in the past mounting error storage unit and displayed on a display screen.