Abstract: A sodium-based metal production system constituted of: a reactor comprising at least one chamber and at least one heat source; a first inlet subsystem; a sodium oxide dissociation unit; a control circuitry configured to: control the first inlet subsystem to feed a respective predetermined amount of a first material into the at least one chamber; control the first inlet subsystem to feed a respective predetermined amount of sodium into the at least one chamber; and control the at least one heat source to heat the at least one chamber, wherein the sodium oxide dissociation unit is configured to dissociate sodium oxide output from the reactor to produce sodium and oxygen, and wherein the produced sodium is output through the first outlet of the sodium oxide dissociation unit.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a welding apparatus, particularly to a spot sa welding apparatus which utilizes a single welding electrode/torch to weld vertically adjacent metallic sheets or plates together. The apparatus comprises a MAG welding apparatus with a welding torch and shielding inert or semi-inert gases gas source configured to protect the welded working place, an apparatus for creating holes in at least one of the welded metallic sheets and at least one frame part for assembling the MAG welding apparatus and apparatus for creating holes.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for Orbital welding of pipes or pipe segments together to form a pipeline, i.e., Orbital welding. A scanner welding unit, a control unit and a welding unit are combined to travel along and above a seam, which is formed between two interfacing base/cylindrical surfaces of every two pipe or pipe segments, scan the pipes/pipe segments relative positioning, alignment and levelling, and their surface geometry and topography and overlay a welding material starting from the root layer at the bottom of the seam and up to its edge and sealing it with a capping layer. The welding unit lowers a welding tip into the seam that may rotate on its axis at different angels relative to the surface during welding. The scanner unit may alert on mismatches on the relative position of the pipes/pipe segments before or after welding and in some cases enable repositioning for a more hermetically sealed weld.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for Orbital welding of pipes or pipe segments together to form a pipeline, i.e., Orbital welding. A scanner welding unit, a control unit and a welding unit are combined to travel along and above a seam, which is formed between two interfacing base/cylindrical surfaces of every two pipe or pipe segments, scan the pipes/pipe segments relative positioning, alignment and levelling, and their surface geometry and topography and overlay a welding material starting from the root layer at the bottom of the seam and up to its edge and sealing it with a capping layer. The welding unit lowers a welding tip into the seam that may rotate on its axis at different angels relative to the surface during welding. The scanner unit may alert on mismatches on the relative position of the pipes/pipe segments before or after welding and in some cases enable repositioning for a more hermetically sealed weld.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a welding apparatus, particularly to a spot sa welding apparatus which utilizes a single welding electrode/torch to weld vertically adjacent metallic sheets or plates together. The apparatus comprises a MAG welding apparatus with a welding torch and shielding inert or semi-inert gases gas source configured to protect the welded working place, an apparatus for creating holes in at least one of the welded metallic sheets and at least one frame part for assembling the MAG welding apparatus and apparatus for creating holes.