Abstract: A method is disclosed comprising providing a biological sample on a swab, directing a spray of charged droplets onto a surface of the swab in order to generate a plurality of analyte ions, and analyzing the analyte ions.

Abstract: A method of analysis using mass and/or ion mobility spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed comprising: using a first device to generate aerosol, smoke or vapour from one or more regions of a first target of biological material; and mass and/or ion mobility analysing and/or ion mobility analysing said aerosol, smoke, or vapour, or ions derived therefrom so as to obtain first spectrometric data. The method may use an ambient ionisation method.

Abstract: A method of analysis using mass spectrometry and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. The method comprises: using a first device to generate smoke, aerosol or vapour from a target comprising or consisting of a microbial population; mass analysing and/or ion mobility analysing said smoke, aerosol or vapour, or ions derived therefrom, in order to obtain spectrometric data; and analysing said spectrometric data in order to analyse said microbial population.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed comprising a first device for generating aerosol, smoke or vapour from one or more regions of a target, an inlet conduit to an ion analyser or mass spectrometer, the inlet conduit having an inlet through which the aerosol, smoke or vapour passes, and a Venturi pump arrangement arranged and adapted to direct the aerosol, smoke or vapour towards the inlet.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed including a tool comprising a first device for generating aerosol from a target, the first device being deployed through an opening in a tubing of the tool, wherein the tubing is provided with aspiration ports or fenestrations such that the generated aerosol is aspirated into the tubing via the aspiration ports or fenestrations. The aspirated aerosol is then transferred to a mass spectrometer for subsequent mass analysis.

Abstract: A method of mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed comprising: providing an analyte; supplying a matrix compound to said analyte such that said analyte dissolves in said matrix; forming first droplets of the dissolved analyte; and colliding said first droplets with a collision surface. The use of matrix improves the analyte ion signal.

Abstract: A method is disclosed comprising providing a biological sample on a swab, directing a spray of charged droplets onto a surface of the swab in order to generate a plurality of analyte ions, and analysing the analyte ions.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing ambient ionisation mass and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a substantially cylindrical, tubular, rod-shaped, coil-shaped, helical or spiral-shaped collision assembly; and a first device arranged and adapted to direct analyte, smoke, fumes, liquid, gas, surgical smoke, aerosol or vapour onto said collision assembly.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating a sample in a pressure range below supercritical pressure values includes supplying at least a solvent of the sample to be hydrogenated by a feed pump with a constant volume rate into a flow path to create a base solution; adding the sample being dissolved into the flow path; feeding hydrogen into the flow path through a valve configured to transmit hydrogen only into a single direction; leading the dissolved sample in the presence of a catalyst through a hydrogenation reactor, where the reactor is inserted into a section of the flow path located after the hydrogen feeding position; maintaining the pressure of the reaction in a given pressure range by element of a pressure-adjusting unit, and collecting a hydrogenate formed within the hydrogenation reactor in a product receptacle connected to the end of the flow path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming a sealed channel on the surface of a sheet made of a material with a particular extent of plasticity, the sheet forming a reactor block for a microfluidic reactor.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating a sample in a pressure range below supercritical pressure values includes supplying at least a solvent of the sample to be hydrogenated by a feed pump with a constant volume rate into a flow path to create a base solution; adding the sample being dissolved into the flow path; feeding hydrogen into the flow path through a valve configured to transmit hydrogen only into a single direction; leading the dissolved sample in the presence of a catalyst through a hydrogenation reactor, where the reactor is inserted into a section of the flow path located after the hydrogen feeding position; maintaining the pressure of the reaction in a given pressure range by element of a pressure-adjusting unit, and collecting a hydrogenate formed within the hydrogenation reactor in a product receptacle connected to the end of the flow path.

Abstract: A laboratory scale continuous flow hydrogenation apparatus (100) includes a reservoir (104), a feed pump (102), a mixing element (108) with two inlets and an outlet, a hydrogenation reactor (110) and a pressure-adjusting unit (112), all connected into a flow path. A hydrogen source (126) and a one-way valve (120) are arranged between the hydrogen source (126) and the second inlet of the mixing element (108). The feed pump (102) can provide a constant volume rate. The reservoir (104) contains at least a solvent base solution of the sample to be hydrogenated. The hydrogenation reactor (110) connects into the flow path by detachable connections and is formed as a replaceable cartridge containing a packing which increases the flow resistance and facilitates mixing. The pressure-adjusting unit (112) connects into the flow path after the hydrogenation reactor (110) and is provided with a regulation controlled electrically.

Abstract: A flow-type laboratory scale ozonolysis apparatus (100) according to the invention comprises a reservoir (104), a n feed pump (102), a mixing element (120) with two inlets and an outlet, a reactor unit (110) and a pressure-adjusting means (160), all connected into a flow path. The ozonolysis apparatus (100) further comprises an ozone source (110), as well as a dispensing valve (112) transmitting a gas stream only in a single direction and installed between the ozone source (110) and one of the inlets of the mixing element (120). The feed pump (102) of the ozonolysis apparatus (100) according to the invention is a liquid pump generating a constant volume rate, the reservoir (104) contains at least the substance, as a solute, to be subjected to the ozonolysis reaction and the reactor unit consists of first and second reactor zones differing in function from one another. In the flow path, the outlet of the first reactor zone is connected to the inlet of the second reactor zone.

Abstract: In a method according to the invention for forming a sealed channel (125) in the surface of a sheet made of a material with certain extent of plasticity, the machining surface of a tool with a rolling machining surface is brought into contact with a first point of the channel (125) to be formed in the surface of the sheet constituting a reactor block. Next, said machining surface is pressed onto the surface of the sheet with a compressive force (F) required to achieve the depth of the channel (125) to be formed, whereby the plastic material is squeezed out and becomes raised from the sheet surface on the peripheries of the depression being formed.

Abstract: The ozone generating electrolysis cell (10) according to the invention has a negative electrode (13) and an ozone generating positive electrode (16) comprising a mixture of lead dioxide and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). A proton conducting solid electrolytic membrane (15) is arranged between the negative and positive electrodes (13, 16). The ozone generating electrolysis cell (10) also comprises an electrically conducting, liquid and gas permeable first electrode support (17) in contact with a side of the positive electrode (16) located opposite to the membrane (15), wherein said side of the electrode support (17) has a surface covered with a platinum-containing layer. The positive electrode (16) is made of a mixture prepared by the high-pressure compression of lead dioxide grains of colloid size and PTFE filaments having a dimension of at most 1 mm.

Abstract: A laboratory-scale hydrogenation cartridge reactor for hydrogenating an inflowing multi-component fluid composition includes a flow inlet defining an inflow cross-section and used for introducing the fluid composition, a flow outlet defining an outflow cross-section for discharging the hydrogenated fluid, a closed reaction volume extending between and communicating with the inlet and outlet and having a useful space of at most 10 cm3. The reaction volume is filled with an immobilized packing medium that increases flow resistance and facilitates mixing of the fluid composition. The flow inlet and the flow outlet are formed with respective detachable connection structures. A steep transitional zone is defined between the inflow side of the reaction volume and the flow inlet, wherein the cross-section of the widest portion of the steep transitional zone where the zone communicates with the reaction volume is significantly larger than the inflow cross-section.

Abstract: A flow-type laboratory hydrogenation apparatus (100) comprises a reservoir (104), a feed pump (102), a mixing element (108) with two inlets and an outlet, a hydrogenation reactor (110) and a pressure-adjusting unit (112), all connected into a flow path. The apparatus (100) also comprises a hydrogen source (126) and a one-way valve (120) arranged between the hydrogen source (126) and the second inlet of the mixing element (108). The feed pump (102) is realized by a pump providing a constant volume rate. The reservoir (104) contains at least the solvent, as base solution, of the sample to be hydrogenated. The hydrogenation reactor (110) is connected into the flow path by means of detachable connections and is formed as a replaceable cartridge which contains a packing which increases the flow resistance and facilitates mixing of the liquid and gaseous components.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel processes for the preparation of 5-chloro-4-{3-[N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethyl]-N-methylamino]-propylamino-3(2H) pyridazinone of formula (I) and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. An important feature of the invention is using 3,4,5-trichloropyridazone as starting substance of the synthesis.