Abstract: An ultrasonic reactor water level measuring device and an evaluation method are provided and prevent a reduction in the measurement accuracy of a water level that is in a wide measurement range. The ultrasonic reactor water level measuring device includes an upper tube extending from a gas phase portion in a reactor, a lower tube extending from a liquid phase portion in the reactor, measurement tubes connected to each other and arranged at multiple stages between the upper tube and the lower tube, and units for generating and receiving ultrasonic waves, the units being arranged at bottom portions of the measurement tubes. The ultrasonic reactor water level measuring device measures levels of water within the measurement tubes and calculates a water level within the reactor from the sum of the measured water levels, the sum excluding an overlapped part of the measurement tubes.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a process for effectively removing impurities contained in an amide compound-containing solution by making an amide compound-containing solution, particularly an amide compound-containing solution produced by a hydration reaction of a nitrile compound by using a microorganism fungus body containing nitrile hydratase or a processed product of the microorganism fungus body, in contact with activated carbon under acidic conditions.

Abstract: A desired isomer is selectively prepared by phosphorolyzing and isomerizing an anomer mixture of a 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative while crystallizing one of the isomers to displace the equilibrium. Furthermore, using the action of a nucleoside phosphorylase, a nucleoside is prepared from the 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative obtained and a base with improved stereoselectivity and a higher yield. This process is an anomer-selective process for preparing a 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative and a nucleoside.

Abstract: A desired isomer is selectively prepared by phosphorolyzing and isomerizing an anomer mixture of a 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative while crystallizing one of the isomers to displace the equilibrium. Furthermore, using the action of a nucleoside phosphorylase, a nucleoside is prepared from the 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative obtained and a base with improved stereoselectivity and a higher yield. This process is an anomer-selective process for preparing a 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative and a nucleoside.

Abstract: The invention is a process for continuously producing an amide compound by reacting a microorganism fungus body containing nitrile hydratase or a processed product of the microorganism fungus body with a nitrile compound in an aqueous medium, characterized in that after contacting said fungus body or said processed product of said fungus body with said nitrile compound in said aqueous medium, a reaction solution thus obtained is further subjected to reaction under conditions having a plug flow region, and according to the invention, an amide compound aqueous solution of a high concentration a high purity can be easily obtained in an extremely high conversion rate of a nitrile compound without a condensation process.

Abstract: In reacting pentose-1-phosphoric acid with a nucleic acid base or a nucleic acid base analogue in an aqueous reaction medium in the presence of a metal cation to produce a nucleoside compound, the timing or method of addition of at least one of these components to the aqueous reaction medium is varied; thereby, a nucleoside compound can be produced at a high yield efficiently without inviting the high viscosity or solidification of the reaction mixture, even when the above components are used in such amounts that the reaction mixture becomes highly viscous or is solidified when the components are used without the above variation of the addition timing or method. Thus, there can be provided a process for producing a nucleoside compound, which comprises a step of reacting pentose-1-phosphoric acid with a nucleic acid base or a nucleic acid base analogue in the presence of nucleoside phosphorylase activity, which gives a nucleoside compound at an improved conversion, and which has wide applicability.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a process for effectively removing impurities contained in an amide compound-containing solution by making an amide compound-containing solution, particularly an amide compound-containing solution produced by a hydration reaction of a nitrile compound by using a microorganism fungus body containing nitrile hydratase or a processed product of the microorganism fungus body, in contact with activated carbon under acidic conditions.

Abstract: A desired isomer is selectively prepared by phosphorolyzing and isomerizing an anomer mixture of a 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative while crystallizing one of the isomers to displace the equilibrium. Furthermore, using the action of a nucleoside phosphorylase, a nucleoside is prepared from the 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative obtained and a base with improved stereoselectivity and a higher yield. This process is an anomer-selective process for preparing a 1-phosphorylated saccharide derivative and a nucleoside.

Abstract: The invention is a process for continuously producing an amide compound by reacting a microorganism fungus body containing nitrile hydratase or a processed product of the microorganism fungus body with a nitrile compound in an aqueous medium, characterized in that after contacting said fungus body or said processed product of said fungus body with said nitrile compound in said aqueous medium, a reaction solution thus obtained is further subjected to reaction under conditions having a plug flow region, and according to the invention, an amide compound aqueous solution of a high concentration a high purity can be easily obtained in an extremely high conversion rate of a nitrile compound without a condensation process.

Abstract: Described are a stick-shaped soil fumigant preparation and an application method therefor. The fumigant preparation comprises a water-soluble and/or biodegradable film and a soil sterilizer and/or nematocide hermetically packed in the form of a stick with the film. The soil sterilizer and nematocide are each in a liquid form at room temperature.The soil fumigant preparation according to the present invention remains suppressed in toxicity, volatility and irritation before application to the soil, but its active ingredient(s) are promptly released after application. In addition, the present invention makes it possible to provide a fumigant in such a form as permitting a substantial improvement in the efficiency of work by a fumigating worker and also to provide an effective application method therefor, without the need for any machine designed exclusively for fumigation.

Abstract: An aqueous suspension-type microcapsule insecticide composition which is obtained by emulsifying a hydrophobic admixture of liquid pyrethroid insecticide or a pyrethroid insecticide and a high boiling point solvent, preferably an alkyl ester of phthalic acid in which the alkyl group has 8-13 carbon atoms to form particles of a suitable size in the presence of an anionic water-soluble polymeric surface active agent and polycondensating melamine-formaldehyde or a derivative thereof on the surface of the said emulsified and dispersed particles, and a process for producing the composition. This composition exhibits stable insecticidal activity over a prolonged period with noticeably reduced toxicity to aquatic life.

Abstract: Disclosed are herbicidally active pyrimidine derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an etherifying group, e.g., a lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, phenyl-substituted lower alkenyl, lower haloalkenyl, cycloalkyl, substituted phenyl-substituted lower alkenyl or phenyl-substituted lower alkynyl group; or a group represented by the following formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, X a halogen atom or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxyl group, m and n individually 0-2, and when m is 2, both Xs may be the same or different, and herbicidal compositions containing the same, alone or in combination with another herbicidally active compound, the pyrimidine derivatives being prepared by reaction of 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)benzaldehyde with NH.sub.2 OR or with a salt of hydroxylamine followed by reaction with a halide of the formula RY wherein R has the same value as above and Y is Cl, Br or I.

Abstract: Disclosed are herbicidally active pyrimidine derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an etherifying group, e.g., a lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, phenyl-substituted lower alkenyl, lower haloalkenyl, cycloalkyl, substituted phenyl-substituted lower alkenyl or phenyl-substituted lower alkynyl group; or a group represented by the following formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, X a halogen atom or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxyl group, m and n individually 0-2, and when m is 2, both Xs may be the same or different, and herbicidal compositions containing the same, alone or in combination with another herbicidally active compound, the pyrimidine derivatives being prepared by reaction of 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)benzaldehyde with NH.sub.2 OR or with a salt of hydroxylamine followed by reaction with a halide of the formula RY wherein R has the same value as above and Y is Cl, Br or I.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropyl ethers represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R stands for a lower alkyl group, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 stand for a hydrogen atom or fluorine atom,which comprises subjecting a 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-alkoxy-3-halogenophenyl)-2-methylpropyl ether or 3-phenoxybenzyl-2-(4-alkoxy-3,5-dihalogenophenyl)-2-methylpropyl ether represented by the following formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R stands for a lower alkyl group, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 stand for a hydrogen atom or fluorine atom, and Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 stand for a hydrogen atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom or iodine atom, with the proviso that at least one of Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropyl ethers having excellent insecticidal and acaricidal activities which are represented by formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each a hydrogen or fluorine atom, which comprises reacting a 3-halogeno-4-alkoxyneophyl halide represented by the formula (I): ##STR2## wherein Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are each a hydrogen, chlorine or bromine atom, at least one of them being a chlorine or bromine atom, R has the same meaning as above and X is a halogen atom, with a 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol represented by the formula (II): ##STR3## wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 have the same meaning as above, in the presence of a base to obtain a 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-alkoxy-3-halogenophenyl)-2-methylpropyl ether represented by the formula (III): ##STR4## wherein Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, R, X.sub.1 and X.sub.