Abstract: This disclosure relates to monitoring and assessing the mechanical stability and fluid accumulation in natural or man-made slopes comprising primarily of unconsolidated material, such as embankments, dams, roads, waste dumps, as well as man-made heaps of bulk materials that may occur in the stockpiling of grains, gravel, stones, sand, coal, cement, fly ash, salts, chemicals, clays, crushed limestone as well as heaps of mining ores, including crushed, milled and/or agglomerated ore, and run-of-mine materials.

Abstract: An NMR well logging tool is provided that includes a sensor and associated electronic circuitry. The sensor includes an array of RF antenna elements. The electronic circuitry includes at least one low-power integrated circuit and a plurality of high-power modules corresponding the RF antenna elements of the array. Each high-power module is coupled to a corresponding RF antenna element of the array and includes an RF amplifier that is configured to amplify RF pulses generated by the at least one low-power integrated circuit and supplied thereto for transmission by the corresponding antenna element. In embodiments, the RF amplifier of each high-power module can include an H-bridge circuit or other suitable RF amplifier.

Abstract: Magnet design is provided. A method customizes a magnetic field uniformity of a magnet by introducing one or more gaps between pieces of the magnet assembly.

Abstract: An NMR well logging tool is provided that includes a sensor and associated electronic circuitry. The sensor includes an array of RF antenna elements. The electronic circuitry includes at least one low-power integrated circuit and a plurality of high-power modules corresponding the RF antenna elements of the array. Each high-power module is coupled to a corresponding RF antenna element of the array and includes an RF amplifier that is configured to amplify RF pulses generated by the at least one low-power integrated circuit and supplied thereto for transmission by the corresponding antenna element. In embodiments, the RF amplifier of each high-power module can include an H-bridge circuit or other suitable RF amplifier.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to monitoring and assessing the mechanical stability and fluid accumulation in natural or man-made slopes comprising primarily of unconsolidated material, such as embankments, dams, roads, waste dumps, as well as man-made heaps of bulk materials that may occur in the stockpiling of grains, gravel, stones, sand, coal, cement, fly ash, salts, chemicals, clays, crushed limestone as well as heaps of mining ores, including crushed, milled and/or agglomerated ore, and run-of-mine materials.

Abstract: Magnet design is provided. A method customizes a magnetic field uniformity of a magnet by introducing one or more gaps between pieces of the magnet assembly.

Abstract: A dielectric loaded accelerator for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons, ions and/or protons, is described herein. The dielectric loaded accelerator accelerates charged particles along a longitudinal axis and towards an outlet of the accelerator. The dielectric loaded accelerator accelerates the charged particles using oscillating electromagnetic fields that propagate within the accelerator according to an electromagnetic mode. The dielectric loaded accelerator described herein includes an electromagnetic mode with a phase velocity that increases towards the outlet of the accelerator and matches a velocity of the charged particles being accelerated along the longitudinal axis of the accelerator. By matching the phase velocity of the oscillating electromagnetic fields to the velocity of the charged particles, the accelerator reduces phase slippage between the fields and the charged particles and, therefore, efficiently accelerates charged particle towards the outlet.

Abstract: Borehole tools and methods for analyzing earth formations are disclosed herein. An example borehole tool disclosed herein includes an RF particle accelerator. The particle accelerator includes an accelerator waveguide for accelerating electrons. The borehole tool also includes a power amplification circuit that is based on a wide bandgap semiconductor material, such as a combination of gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN). The power amplification circuit amplifies an initial input RF signal and provides a driving RF output signal to drive acceleration of the electrons within the accelerator waveguide.

Abstract: A method for characterizing the dielectric response of a fluid includes receiving the fluid into a portion of a flow line that is disposed proximate to a photonic bandgap (PBG) resonant cavity so that a dielectric permittivity of the fluid affects a frequency response of the resonant cavity. The method further includes providing electromagnetic waves to the resonant cavity and measuring a frequency response of the resonant cavity in the presence of the fluid in the flow line. The method further includes determining a property of a resonant mode of the resonant cavity using the frequency response and determining a property of the fluid using the property of the resonant mode.

Abstract: A dielectric loaded accelerator for accelerating charged particles, such as electrons, ions and/or protons, is described herein. The dielectric loaded accelerator accelerates charged particles along a longitudinal axis and towards an outlet of the accelerator. The dielectric loaded accelerator accelerates the charged particles using oscillating electromagnetic fields that propagate within the accelerator according to an electromagnetic mode. The dielectric loaded accelerator described herein includes an electromagnetic mode with a phase velocity that increases towards the outlet of the accelerator and matches a velocity of the charged particles being accelerated along the longitudinal axis of the accelerator. By matching the phase velocity of the oscillating electromagnetic fields to the velocity of the charged particles, the accelerator reduces phase slippage between the fields and the charged particles and, therefore, efficiently accelerates charged particle towards the outlet.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining a property, e.g., density, of a geological formation based on Einstein's theory of gravitation. A gravitational potential difference is determined between two positions of the geological formation by measuring a frequency shift of radiation travelling from a source to an absorber of a differential gravimeter. The differential gravimeter can be a part of a downhole tool. The gravitational potential difference determined can be used to determine the property of the geological formation.

Abstract: A method for characterizing the dielectric response of a fluid includes receiving the fluid into a portion of a flow line that is disposed proximate to a photonic bandgap (PBG) resonant cavity so that a dielectric permittivity of the fluid affects a frequency response of the resonant cavity. The method further includes providing electromagnetic waves to the resonant cavity and measuring a frequency response of the resonant cavity in the presence of the fluid in the flow line. The method further includes determining a property of a resonant mode of the resonant cavity using the frequency response and determining a property of the fluid using the property of the resonant mode.

Abstract: Borehole tools and methods for analyzing earth formations are disclosed herein. An example borehole tool disclosed herein includes an RF particle accelerator. The particle accelerator includes an accelerator waveguide for accelerating electrons. The borehole tool also includes a power amplification circuit that is based on a wide bandgap semiconductor material, such as a combination of gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN). The power amplification circuit amplifies an initial input RF signal and provides a driving RF output signal to drive acceleration of the electrons within the accelerator waveguide.

Abstract: Borehole tools and methods for analyzing earth formations are disclosed herein. An example borehole tool disclosed herein includes an RF particle accelerator. The particle accelerator includes at least one accelerator waveguide for accelerating electrons. The accelerator waveguide is a dielectric lined accelerator.

Abstract: A particle accelerator device structured and arranged for use in a subterranean environment. The particle accelerator device comprising: one or more resonant Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity, the one or more resonant PBG cavity is capable of providing localized, resonant electro-magnetic (EM) fields so as to one of accelerate, focus or steer particle beams of one of a plurality of electrons or a plurality of ions. Further, the particle accelerator device may provide for the one or more resonant PBG cavity to include a geometry and one or more material that is optimized in terms of RF power losses, wherein the optimization provides for a PBG cavity quality factor significantly higher than that of an equivalent normally conducting pill-box cavity.

Abstract: Methods and related systems are described for use for making subterranean nuclear measurements. The system can include a plurality of elongated scintillator members each generating optical signals in response to ionizing radiation. Optical detector units can be optically coupled to at least one end of each elongated scintillator member so as to detect optical signals from each elongated scintillator member. The system can be suitable for permanent or semi-permanent deployment downhole. For example, the system can operate for more than six months in a subterranean deployment measuring cosmic radiation. The system can be suited to monitor density changes in subterranean regions of interest, for example, density changes brought about by steam injection as part of a steam assisted gravity drainage operation.

Abstract: Methods for density logging utilizes gamma-rays above a pair-production threshold so as to determine lithology information of formations whereby to correct a measured density data.

Abstract: Methods and related systems are described for use for making subterranean nuclear measurements. The system can include a plurality of elongated scintillator members each generating optical signals in response to ionizing radiation. Optical detector units can be optically coupled to at least one end of each elongated scintillator member so as to detect optical signals from each elongated scintillator member. The system can be suitable for permanent or semi-permanent deployment downhole. For example, the system can operate for more than six months in a subterranean deployment measuring cosmic radiation. The system can be suited to monitor density changes in subterranean regions of interest, for example, density changes brought about by steam injection as part of a steam assisted gravity drainage operation.

Abstract: A particle accelerator device structured and arranged for use in a subterranean environment. The particle accelerator device comprising: one or more resonant Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity, the one or more resonant PBG cavity is capable of providing localized, resonant electro-magnetic (EM) fields so as to one of accelerate, focus or steer particle beams of one of a plurality of electrons or a plurality of ions. Further, the particle accelerator device may provide for the one or more resonant PBG cavity to include a geometry and one or more material that is optimized in terms of RF power losses, wherein the optimization provides for a PBG cavity quality factor significantly higher than that of an equivalent normally conducting pill-box cavity.

Abstract: Methods for density logging utilizes gamma-rays above a pair-production threshold so as to determine lithology information of formations whereby to correct a measured density data.