Abstract: The present disclosure provides a composition comprising: an extracellular polymeric substance produced by microalgae; plant growth promoting Gram-negative bacteria; and an agriculturally acceptable carrier. Also provided are an isolated biologically pure culture of Parachlorella kessleri Accession No. NCMA 202103001, a mutant thereof having all the identifying characteristics thereof, or a cell-free preparation or extracellular polymeric substance thereof, which may be used for plant enhancement and improving health of soil.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an agricultural composition comprising: a) plant growth promoting Gram-negative bacteria; b) a desiccation protectant selected from the group consisting of: a carboxyalkylcellulose or derivative or salt thereof, a hydroxyalkylcellulose or derivative or salt thereof, an alginate or derivative or salt thereof, trehalose or a derivative or salt thereof; tamarind seed gum, locust bean gum, xanthan gum, tara gum, guar gum, pectin, pullulan, psyllium seed gum, and carrageenan; and combinations thereof; and c) an agriculturally acceptable carrier. The disclosure also provides a method of increasing resistance to desiccation in plant growth promoting Gram-negative bacteria, the method comprising adding a desiccation protectant to the plant growth promoting Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the composition of a multi-layer system showing a predetermined colour flip-flop effect, wherein the multi-layer system comprises from bottom to top a) a substrate, b) at least one first colour layer containing a colourant, which is arranged on the substrate a), c) on the at least one first colour layer an effect layer containing at least one platelet-shaped effect pigment, and d) on the effect layer c) at least one second colour layer containing a colourant, wherein each of the at least one first colour layer and of the at least one second colour layer contains a colourant being no platelet-shaped effect pigment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: i) specifying a first target value for the colour shade and/or colour brightness of the top side of the multi-layer system seen at a first observation angle, ii) specifying a second target value for the colour shade and/or colour brightness of the top side of the multi-layer system seen at a s

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling the curing degree of at least one at least partially cured ink and/or varnish printed on a substrate, which comprises cutting at least one sample from an area of the printed substrate, placing and incubating it in a solvent, in which at least one of the at least one extractable compound is soluble, and removing it from the solvent to obtain a solvent extract; quantitatively measuring a spectroscopic characteristic of the solvent extract; comparing the measured numeric value of the spectroscopic characteristic with a reference value of the spectroscopic characteristic for the same area of the printed substrate; and outputting a result, wherein the reference value of the spectroscopic characteristic for the same area of the printed substrate has been obtained by the use of an empirical model.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the migration potential of an at least partially cured energy curing ink and/or varnish printed on a substrate comprising: —providing a substrate, which is printed with the ink and/or varnish, which comprises at least one extractable compound, which absorbs or emits radiation at at least one wavelength between 190 and 3,000 nm, —cutting at least one sample from the printed substrate, placing and incubating the sample in a solvent, in which the extractable compound is soluble, and removing the sample from the solvent to obtain a solvent extract, —quantitatively measuring a spectroscopic characteristic of the solvent extract at at least one wavelength between 190 and 3,000 nm, at which the extractable compound absorbs or emits radiation, so as to obtain a measured numeric value of the spectroscopic characteristic, and —comparing the measured numeric value of the spectroscopic characteristic with a calibration curve.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling the curing degree of at least one at least partially cured ink and/or varnish printed on a substrate, which comprises the following steps: a) providing a substrate, which is printed with the at least one at least partially cured ink and/or at least partially cured varnish, wherein the at least one at least partially cured ink and/or at least partially cured varnish comprises at least one extractable compound, b) cutting at least one sample from an area of the printed substrate provided in step a), placing the at least one sample in a solvent, in which at least one of the at least one extractable compound is soluble, incubating the solvent with the at least one sample placed therein for at least 10 seconds and removing the at least one sample from the solvent to obtain a solvent extract, c) quantitatively measuring a spectroscopic characteristic of the solvent extract at at least one wavelength between 190 and 4,000 nm, at which at least one of the a

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the migration potential of an at least partially cured energy curing ink and/or varnish printed on a substrate comprising: —providing a substrate, which is printed with the ink and/or varnish, which comprises at least one extractable compound, which absorbs or emits radiation at at least one wavelength between 190 and 3,000 nm, —cutting at least one sample from the printed substrate, placing and incubating the sample in a solvent, in which the extractable compound is soluble, and removing the sample from the solvent to obtain a solvent extract, —quantitatively measuring a spectroscopic characteristic of the solvent extract at at least one wavelength between 190 and 3,000 nm, at which the extractable compound absorbs or emits radiation, so as to obtain a measured numeric value of the spectroscopic characteristic, and —comparing the measured numeric value of the spectroscopic characteristic with a calibration curve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing thermotropic casting resin systems that comprise at least one matrix polymer including at least one thermotropic monomer compound which cannot be mixed with the matrix polymer, whereby the matrix polymer an the thermotropic monomer compound are selected in such a way that their refraction indices are almost the same in a temperatrue range that is below the temperature required for structural change and that reaches the temperature of structural change of the thermotropic monomer compound, the casting resin system being translucent or transparent in this termperature range. After dissolving the monomer thermotropic compund in a matrix solution containing a photohardening oligomer, reactive diluents and photoinitiators and a liquid, photohardenable system is obtained, photoradiation with exclusion of oxygen is carried out for hardening.