Abstract: A computer implemented method, apparatus, system, and computer program product manages updates to images. A computer system determines shared layers present between the images selected for update management. The images comprise executable code that are run to create containers. The computer system detects a change in a shared layer in the shared layers for an image in the images. The computer system updates the shared layer in the shared layers in a set of the images having the shared layer in response to detecting the change to the shared layer for the image. According to other illustrative embodiments, a computer system and a computer program product for managing updates to images are provided.

Abstract: File system performance enhancement is provided. Information related to a container of the computer accessing a file in a layer of a file system of an image corresponding to the container is recorded to form recorded file system layer access information. The recorded file system layer access information is shared with another file system of a container image corresponding to a different container on the computer. The container image is a same image as the image corresponding to the container that accessed the file to perform an operation associated with a cloud application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for data transfer between a host and a device as well as to respective apparatus. A host is seen as a communication apparatus which organizes data traffic. A device is seen as dependent on the host. In a tiered-star topology there are usually multiple devices connected to one host. A method for data transfer between a host and a device through pipes is presented. The available memory in the host is divided into multiple segments. The assignment of segments is changed between pipes in dependence on the pipe traffic.

Abstract: A telephony system (10) for communication over a network includes a kernel space (110), a media express processor operating environment (120) for providing a set of software facilities for task synchronization, and a user space (130). The kernel space includes a board support package (111), a ucLinux module (112), a digital signal processor interface module (113), a transfer control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) stack (114) for performing TCP/IP, and a real-time transport protocol/real-time transport control protocol module (115). The user space includes a digital signal processor manager (132), an H.323/session initiation protocol (H.323/SIP) stack (133) for performing H.323 protocol or SIP, a system managing module (134), an event dispatcher (135), a line state machine (136), a call manager (137), a call logging module (138), and a directory module (139) for storing, editing, searching and removing contact information of users.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for data transfer between a host and a device as well as to respective apparatus. A host is seen as a communication apparatus which organizes data traffic. A device is seen as dependent on the host. In a tiered-star topology there are usually multiple devices connected to one host. A method for data transfer between a host and a device through pipes is presented. The available memory in the host is divided into multiple segments. The assignment of segments is changed between pipes in dependence on the pipe traffic.

Abstract: An event logging system (5) includes one or more message sources for generating messages, an event logging library (54) for formatting the messages, a local event logging daemon (57) for distributing the messages, and one or more message destinations for receiving the messages. The local event logging daemon distributes the messages from said message sources to said message destinations. The message sources include one or more of an application (50), a hook (51), a kernel module (56), an internal buffer (59) and a remote event logging daemon (58). The message destinations include one or more of said hook, said internal buffer, said remote event logging daemon, a file system (52) and a mail system (53). The event logging system further includes a kernel logging daemon (55) for transmitting the messages from said kernel module to the event logging library. A related method for logging the messages is also provided.

Abstract: A dynamical host allocation method employed in a dynamical host allocation system (100) is disclosed. The employed dynamical host allocation system includes a plurality of DHCP servers (110), a DHCP relay (120), a plurality of DHCP clients (130) and a network (140) interconnecting all these apparatuses. When allocating IP addresses to the plurality of DHCP clients, the plurality of DHCP servers determine whether the IP addresses are free by way of successive logic checks. Therefore, the problem of allocating an IP address to more than one DHCP clients is resolved.

Abstract: A system for initializing hardware of a computer system includes a board support package (BSP) (20) and a ROM monitor (30). The BSP includes: a basic initialization module (21) for initializing a CPU, a Flash, etc.; an advanced initialization module (22) for initializing serial ports, an Ethernet, etc., for configuring parameters related to system operation and an interrupt service program; a function library (23) for storing various functions for performing configuration and modification of parameters of the hardware; and a boot loader (24) for determining whether parameters of the hardware need to be configured, and for booting an operating system or the ROM monitor based on the determination. The ROM monitor includes a command line editor (31) for inputting commands by users, a command translator (32) for translating the commands into computer-readable instructions, and a function invoking module (33) for invoking functions from the function library based on the instructions.

Abstract: A system for testing an artificial memory includes a monitor (10), a driver (20), and an executing means (30). The monitor includes a command line interface (101) for inputting commands and parameters. The driver includes a command line editor (201), which is adapted to be activated before the command line interface is used; a command translator (202) for invoking corresponding subprograms according to the input commands and parameters; an error flag (203) for indicating whether any error occurred during the testing; and an error counter (204) for counting the number of times any error occurred during the testing. The executing means is for testing the memory with reading/writing of sequence bit strings, and returning test results to the monitor via the driver. A related method for testing an artificial memory is also provided.

Abstract: A system (100) for CLI command processing is usable for configuring and administering electronic devices. The system includes: an I/O controlling module (110) for receiving input commands from a console or a terminal; a command parsing module (120) for parsing each character in the input commands, and separating the input commands into a job parent command and plural job child commands; a job controlling module (130) for executing the job parent command and job child commands; and a mode controlling module (140) for selecting an appropriate mode for inputting of commands by a user. The job controlling module comprises a job list (131), which stores the command information structures of the job parent command and job child commands. A related method is also provided.

Abstract: A method for writing data to a flash memory which balances wear of the flash memory includes the steps of: searching for void file nodes in the flash memory based on availability identifiers of the file nodes; sequencing the void file nodes based on node versions thereof; writing the data to one or more of the void file nodes in ascending order of node versions of the file nodes; building node link information of the file nodes that have been written; updating a node version of the at least one file node that has been written; and marking the file nodes that have been written with an unavailable flag. A method for modifying file contents of a flash file stored in a flash memory which balances wear of the flash memory is also provided.

Abstract: A system (3) for automatically initializing and diagnosing backplanes of electronic devices includes a monitor (1) and a driver (2) connected with the monitor. The monitor includes a command editor (10) for receiving diagnosis commands inputted by users, a command translator (11) connected with the command editor for compiling the diagnosis commands into binary commands, a processing unit (13) connected with the command translator for running diagnosis programs, and a display unit (14) connected with the command editor for displaying information. The driver includes an initialization module (20) for initializing the backplane, and a diagnosis module (21) connected with the processing unit and the display unit for providing diagnosis programs. A related method for automatically initializing and diagnosing a backplane of an electronic device is also provided.

Abstract: A system for initializing hardware of a computer system includes a board support package (BSP) (20) and a ROM monitor (30). The BSP includes: a basic initialization module (21) for initializing a CPU, a Flash, etc.; an advanced initialization module (22) for initializing serial ports, an Ethernet, etc., for configuring parameters related to system operation and an interrupt service program; a function library (23) for storing various functions for performing configuration and modification of parameters of the hardware; and a boot loader (24) for determining whether parameters of the hardware need to be configured, and for booting an operating system or the ROM monitor based on the determination. The ROM monitor includes a command line editor (31) for inputting commands by users, a command translator (32) for translating the commands into computer-readable instructions, and a function invoking module (33) for invoking functions from the function library based on the instructions.

Abstract: A web management system (10) includes a plurality of clients (11) for entering requests for web management, a web application (12) and a function module (13). The web application includes a web server (121) for authenticating the clients, a configuration manager (125) for performing the web management according to the requests, and a common gateway interface (123) for interaction of the web server and the configuration manager. The web server stores authentication information on the clients. The function module provides support for the configuration manager to perform the web management. A related web management method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system (5) for configuring a computer network route includes a user interface for providing a configuration interface for a user, a configuration manager (52) for providing configuration services for the user interface, a routing information protocol (RIP) interface (54), a Zebra daemon (56) for managing a route, an RIP daemon (57) for performing RIP, and a kernel routing table (58) for recording routing information of the system. The daemon communicates with the configuration manager through the RIP interface, and communicates with the RIP daemon by exchanging information. The RIP daemon communicates with the configuration manager through the RIP interface. A related method for configuring a route is also provided.

Abstract: A dynamical host allocation method employed in a dynamical host allocation system (100) is disclosed. The employed dynamical host allocation system includes a plurality of DHCP servers (110), a DHCP relay (120), a plurality of DHCP clients (130) and a network (140) interconnecting all these apparatuses. When allocating IP addresses to the plurality of DHCP clients, the plurality of DHCP servers determine whether the IP addresses are free by way of successive logic checks. Therefore, the problem of allocating an IP address to more than one DHCP clients is resolved.

Abstract: A telephony system (10) for communication over a network includes a kernel space (110), a media express processor operating environment (120) for providing a set of software facilities for task synchronization, and a user space (130). The kernel space includes a board support package (111), a ucLinux module (112), a digital signal processor interface module (113), a transfer control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) stack (114) for performing TCP/IP, and a real-time transport protocol/real-time transport control protocol module (115). The user space includes a digital signal processor manager (132), an H.323/session initiation protocol (H.323/SIP) stack (133) for performing H.323 protocol or SIP, a system managing module (134), an event dispatcher (135), a line state machine (136), a call manager (137), a call logging module (138), and a directory module (139) for storing, editing, searching and removing contact information of users.

Abstract: A firewall includes a user interface (21) for inputting a configuration command; a shared library (25) providing information packet filtering and management application programming interfaces; a configuration management module (23) for finding out which service is responsible for the configuration command, and a kernel component (27) for performing packet filtering, network address translation and port address translation. The firewall further comprises an access database (251) for storing access lists and access rules, a NAT database (252) for storing rules on network address translation, an interface database (253) for storing information on interfaces of the firewall of the present invention, and a pool database (254) for storing NAT pool lists. A related method for configuring the firewall is also disclosed.

Abstract: An event logging system (5) includes one or more message sources for generating messages, an event logging library (54) for formatting the messages, a local event logging daemon (57) for distributing the messages, and one or more message destinations for receiving the messages. The local event logging daemon distributes the messages from said message sources to said message destinations. The message sources include one or more of an application (50), a hook (51), a kernel module (56), an internal buffer (59) and a remote event logging daemon (58). The message destinations include one or more of said hook, said internal buffer, said remote event logging daemon, a file system (52) and a mail system (53). The event logging system further includes a kernel logging daemon (55) for transmitting the messages from said kernel module to the event logging library. A related method for logging the messages is also provided.

Abstract: An IP logging system includes a logging module (110), a netfilter (120), a klogd (kernel log daemon) processor (130), an event log (140), a logging API (Application Programming Interface) (150), a configuration manager (160) and a user interface (170). The netfilter is provided for obtaining message packets including required information from external networks. The logging module retrieves the required information from the message packets, and transmits the information to the klogd processor. Then the klogd processor transmits the information to the event log for recording. The logging API is used for switching the logging module on or off based on demands input from the user interface by users. The configuration manager is provided for managing software and hardware of the IP logging system of the present invention. An IP logging method is also disclosed.