Abstract: A nitride high electron mobility transistor having a strain balance of an aluminum gallium nitride insertion layer is described. The transistor sequentially includes: a substrate and a GaN buffer layer located on the substrate; an AlyGa1-yN insertion layer located on the GaN buffer layer; an AlxGa1-xN barrier layer located on the AlyGa1-yN insertion layer opposite to the GaN buffer layer; a GaN cap layer located on the AlxGa1-xN barrier layer; a “?”-shaped source electrode and drain electrode provided in recesses formed by the removal of the GaN cap layer and some thickness of the AlxGa1-xN barrier layer; and a gate electrode located between the source electrode and the drain electrode. An AlzGa1-zN insertion layer may be further included between the AlxGa1-xN barrier layer and the GaN cap layer.