Abstract: A method (1000) of aligning a first body (302) and a second body (304) of a structure (300) comprises: preparing indexing pins (100); orienting the first body (302) so that first openings (306) extend vertically; inserting the indexing pins (100) into the first openings (306); orienting the second body (304) so that the second openings (308) extend vertically; and aligning the second openings (308) with the indexing pins (100). The method (1000) also comprises: moving the first body (302) and the second body (304) toward each other, while: allowing the first body (302) and the second body (304) to move relative to each other and applying a downward force to the indexing pins (100). The method (1000) additionally comprises moving the first body (302) and the second body (304) toward each other until a first-body second surface (334) contacts a second-body first surface (332), while applying the downward force to the indexing pins (100).

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for fastening via a swage tool. One embodiment is a method for fastening via a swage tool, the method including selecting a hole located at a part; aligning an axis of a lockbolt collar with a center of the hole; placing the lockbolt collar flush against the part at a first end of the hole; and swaging the lockbolt collar onto a lockbolt that has been driven through the hole.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for fabricating fasteners. One embodiment is an apparatus that includes a fastener. The fastener includes a head, a cylindrical shank that extends from the head and is dimensioned to engage in a fit with a corresponding hole, and a coating that is discontinuously speckled around a circumference of the shank and extends axially along the shank, leaving irregular portions of a surface of the shank exposed. The coating exhibits a higher lubricity than the surface, and the coating exhibits a higher dielectric withstand voltage than the surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for fabricating fasteners. One embodiment is an apparatus that includes a fastener. The fastener includes a head, a cylindrical shank that extends from the head and is dimensioned to engage in a fit with a corresponding hole, and a coating that is discontinuously speckled around a circumference of the shank and extends axially along the shank, leaving irregular portions of a surface of the shank exposed. The coating exhibits a higher lubricity than the surface, and the coating exhibits a higher dielectric withstand voltage than the surface.

Abstract: A method for installing a flexible track system is presented. At least one of a number of heights or a number of angles is selected for a variable height base system that connects a base attaching system and flexible tracks in the flexible track system to each other, wherein at least one of the number of heights or the number of angles for the variable height base system maintains at least one of a desired distance between the flexible tracks and a surface of a structure to which the base attaching system is attached to the flexible tracks in the flexible track system matching a contour of the surface of the structure. The flexible track system is attached to the surface of the structure.

Abstract: An electromagnetic effect suppressing termination part is provided for a fastener formed of a metallic material, the fastener having a head, a shank, and a threaded portion opposite the head. The termination part includes a main body defining an internally threaded portion configured to threadably receive the threaded portion of the fastener, the internally threaded portion defining a thread major diameter. A collar is coupled to a distal end of the main body by a frangible web, wherein the main body, collar, and frangible web are formed of a metallic core coated by a layer of dielectric material. The frangible web, when broken, presents an exposed portion of the metallic core, wherein the frangible web includes an inner surface radially outwardly offset from the thread major diameter of the internally threaded portion by a setback distance.

Abstract: An electromagnetic effect suppressing termination part for a fastener formed of a metallic material, the fastener having a head, a shank, and a male threaded portion opposite the head, has a metallic core coated by a layer of dielectric material. An internal bore of the termination part includes an inner wall, a counterbore hole, and a cavity disposed therebetween. An outer surface includes an outer wall, and a frustoconical wall positioned proximally relative to the outer wall, the frustoconical wall extending radially outwardly from the outer wall and having an included angle of less than approximately 90 degrees. A seal is disposed in the counterbore hole, and the frustoconical wall is configured so that a compressive force applied to the frustoconical wall deforms the inner wall to conform to the male threaded portion of the fastener and deforms the seal to fill the cavity.

Abstract: A method and system for installing a fastener system. A collar in the fastener system is automatically positioned on a hole on a first side of a structure prior to an insertion of a pin in the fastener system into the hole from a second side of the structure in which the pin has a pin tail. The pin with the pin tail is inserted through the collar in which the pin extends through the hole and the collar. A force is applied on at least one of the collar or the pin tail along a centerline extending centrally though the collar until the pin tail becomes separated from the pin such that the collar engages an engagement feature on the pin when the pin with pin tail is inserted into the hole from the second side.

Abstract: A method for installing a fastener system. A position on a structure relative to an overhang on the structure is automatically sensed for installing a fastener system in a hole using an offset collar installer. The offset collar installer is moved about a rotation axis to the position such that a collar in the fastener system is held in the position over the hole. The offset collar installer is connected to a platform and rotatable about the rotation axis. The collar is fastened to an engagement feature for a bolt in the hole.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to automate the assembly of a wing panel, such as utilized by commercial aircraft. In the context of a system, a tacking cell is provided that is configured to tack one or more stringers to a skin plank. The system also includes a riveting cell configured to receive a tacked plank from the tacking cell and to rivet the one or more stringers to the skin plank. The system also includes a splicing cell configured to receive a plurality of riveted planks from the riveting cell and to attach one or more splice stringers to the plurality of riveted planks. Further, the system includes a side of body cell configured to receive a spliced panel from the splicing cell and to attach a side of body chord thereto to produce a wing panel.

Abstract: An end effector is provided. The end effector comprises a housing, a movement system within the housing, an inspection system, a collar installation system, and a sealant application system. The housing has an operating window. The movement system comprises at least one of a rotation mechanism or a number of linear slides. The inspection system is associated with the movement system. The collar installation system is associated with the movement system. The sealant application system is associated with the movement system. Activating the movement system positions any of the inspection system, the collar installation system, or the sealant application system in an active position relative to the operating window.

Abstract: A method for treating surfaces of fasteners made of titanium alloy or corrosion-resistant steel using a sol-gel pretreatment process prior to the application of an aluminum pigment coating. The sol-gel pretreatment process produces an interface film on the fastener surface, which interface film comprises an organometallic-based network system. The interface film aids in improving adhesion and surface roughness when fasteners are used in interference fit conditions (i.e., the hole diameter is smaller than the fastener shank diameter).

Abstract: An assembly comprising first and second structural elements having aligned holes, a fastener that occupies at least respective portions of the holes without a surrounding sleeve, and a mating part that is coupled to the fastener. The fastener comprises: a head; a circular cylindrical shank extending from the head; a mating portion comprising external projections; and a transition portion disposed between the shank and the mating portion. The transition portion comprises a tapered lead-in section that meets the shank at a shank/lead-in intersection and a radiused lead-in section that meets the tapered lead-in section. The tapered lead-in section tapers gradually in a first axial direction toward the mating portion and has a first profile that is linear and a taper angle equal to or less than 20 degrees, while the radiused lead-in section curves abruptly in the first axial direction and has a second profile that is a circular arc having a radius.

Abstract: An assembly comprising first and second structural elements having aligned holes, an fastener that occupies at least respective portions of the holes without a surrounding sleeve, and a mating part that is coupled to the fastener. The fastener comprises: a head; a circular cylindrical shank extending from the head; a mating portion comprising external projections; and a transition portion disposed between the shank and the mating portion. The transition portion comprises a first radiused lead-in section that meets the shank at a shank/lead-in intersection and a second radiused lead-in section that meets the first radiused lead-in section. The first radiused lead-in section curves gradually in a first axial direction toward the mating portion and has a first profile that is a circular arc having a first radius, while the second radiused lead-in section curves abruptly in the first axial direction and has a second profile that is a circular arc having a second radius which is much smaller than the first radius.

Abstract: A compound contour vacuum track, and an automated fastening machine using the track, for automation of final assembly inside an aircraft fuselage. The track is mounted at an angle to a surface, such as an inside surface of the fuselage, wherein the surface has one or more holes through which fasteners are inserted. The automated fastening machine is mounted on the track to traverse the track while performing fastening functions and steps. The automated fastening machine includes a carriage, arm, and end effector, wherein the arm is mounted on the carriage and the end effector is mounted on the arm. The carriage is attached to the track for positioning the arm and end effector, the arm is attached to the carriage for positioning the end effector, and the end effector is attached to the arm for installing the fasteners into the holes of the surface.

Abstract: A compound contour vacuum track, and an automated fastening machine using the track, for automation of final assembly inside an aircraft fuselage. The track is mounted at an angle to a surface, such as an inside surface of the fuselage, wherein the surface has one or more holes through which fasteners are inserted. The automated fastening machine is mounted on the track to traverse the track while performing fastening functions and steps. The automated fastening machine includes a carriage, arm, and end effector, wherein the arm is mounted on the carriage and the end effector is mounted on the arm. The carriage is attached to the track for positioning the arm and end effector, the arm is attached to the carriage for positioning the end effector, and the end effector is attached to the arm for installing the fasteners into the holes of the surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for fabricating fasteners. One embodiment is an apparatus that includes a fastener. The fastener includes a head, a cylindrical shank that extends from the head and is dimensioned to engage in a fit with a corresponding hole, and a coating that is discontinuously speckled around a circumference of the shank and extends axially along the shank, leaving irregular portions of a surface of the shank exposed. The coating exhibits a higher lubricity than the surface, and the coating exhibits a higher dielectric withstand voltage than the surface.

Abstract: An end effector provides one up assembly drilling through mated components, including a panel, by preloading the components to assure interface integrity, thus avoiding subsequent separation for cleaning and deburring. The end effector includes a drill and clamp dispenser for temporarily inserting and removing expansible single-sided clamps at various pre-drilled locations in the panel. In one method, pilot holes are first pre-drilled into mated components, for example an aircraft wing panel and a wing rib or spar; an initial pilot hole location is identified, and an expansible clamp is inserted into a pilot hole adjacent a desired initial fastener hole location. The clamp is torqued, causing its expansion for preloading the wing panel and rib and/or spar components under a predetermined load. The fastener hole is then drilled, the end effector untorques and removes the clamp and identifies a second (and/or next) pilot hole location, and the process is replicated.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to automate the assembly of a wing panel, such as utilized by commercial aircraft. In the context of a system, a tacking cell is provided that is configured to tack one or more stringers to a skin plank. The system also includes a riveting cell configured to receive a tacked plank from the tacking cell and to rivet the one or more stringers to the skin plank. The system also includes a splicing cell configured to receive a plurality of riveted planks from the riveting cell and to attach one or more splice stringers to the plurality of riveted planks. Further, the system includes a side of body cell configured to receive a spliced panel from the splicing cell and to attach a side of body chord thereto to produce a wing panel.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to automate the assembly of a wing panel, such as utilized by commercial aircraft. In the context of a system, a tacking cell is provided that is configured to tack one or more stringers to a skin plank. The system also includes a riveting cell configured to receive a tacked plank from the tacking cell and to rivet the one or more stringers to the skin plank. The system also includes a splicing cell configured to receive a plurality of riveted planks from the riveting cell and to attach one or more splice stringers to the plurality of riveted planks. Further, the system includes a side of body cell configured to receive a spliced panel from the splicing cell and to attach a side of body chord thereto to produce a wing panel.