Abstract: The invention discloses an anti-fouling polyurethane thin film with high elasticity and high transparency, a preparation method and use thereof. The raw materials of the polyurethane thin film include the following active ingredients by mass fractions: 30% to 40% of a hard segment monomer, 40% to 50% of a soft segment monomer, 3% to 6% of a hydrophilic monomer, 0% to 3% of a crosslinking monomer, 0% to 5% of a small molecular chain extender, and 10% to 15% of a compound with low surface energy. A chemically and physically double-crosslinked anti-fouling polyurethane is synthesized through a polycondensation reaction. This thin film exhibits superior low adhesion and anti-fouling properties, and can achieve the coexistence of both low adhesion and stretchability at the same time.