Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to material quality inspection. Conventional approaches available for material quality inspection are unable to address concerns of complexity and cost involved. The technical problem of occluded object detection and material quality inspection for intrinsic defects identification is addressed in the present disclosure. The present disclosure provides a system and method for non-intrusive material quality inspection using three-dimensional monostatic radar based imaging, where the object under inspection undergoes a circular translation motion on a rotating platform. A modified delay-and-sum (m-DAS) algorithm is built by incorporating virtual antenna array to obtain a 3D image reconstruction of the object. From 3D reconstructed images, radial displacement as well as the angular locations of the object is identified which are further used for quality inspection of the material comprised in the object.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a system and method for measuring average temperature of mixed fluid in an enclosed chamber. Measurement is based on two independent principle as measuring variation in acoustic wave velocity and variation in resistivity that works on a single setup. First principle is based on measuring acoustic wave velocity in a known medium, which is isolated from the surrounding. The system comprises a primary pipe and a secondary pipe, wherein the ends of the pipes reside inside the enclosed chamber. The primary pipe is made out of good conductor of heat and filled with air. Ends of the primary pipe is fitted with a transducers have one transmitter at one end and one receiver at another end. Average temperature of the mixed fluid is measured based on the variations in sound velocity of acoustic wave passed through the primary pipe and resistivity variations of the primary pipe.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to metasurface beam steering antenna and method of setting antenna beam angle. Conventional approaches perform electronically beam steering using phase array which requires bandwidth with higher data rates. The present disclosure enables metasurface antennas tilt antenna beam in a given direction, where the varactor diodes are operated in reverse bias so that different values of capacitors combination lead to electronic beam scanning. The processor of the metasurface beam steering antenna receives a command having an input angle to tilt the angle beam position. The processor processes the command by mapping the input angle with the set of c-shaped copper patch combination having the capacitor values using a predefined lookup table for setting the antenna beam angle based on a reference voltage generated by the varactor diode. The lookup table is iteratively updated with the capacitor values of the c-shaped copper patches.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to a method and system for determining viscosity information of fluids. The present disclosure utilizes an intensity modulated continuous wave (CW) laser diode-based PA sensing method to obtain a continuous wave photoacoustic (CWPA) spectra. Through this CWPA spectra, a full width half maximum (FWHM) and a spectral area is determined to obtain the information about the viscosity of fluids. Although, the CWPA based sensing technique is used for distinguishing different types of abnormalities in tissues, so far it is not used for measuring viscosity which is an important thermo-physical property. The viscosity information of the fluids from the normalized Gaussian fitted CWPA spectra is based on a viscosity feature computed from a FWHM, and a spectral area. The viscosity feature improves the good of fit parameter (R2) significantly to 0.98 as compared to the traditional only FWHM based viscosity determination for which R2 is 0.91.

Abstract: Existing Mueller Matrix polarization techniques that rely only on polarization properties are insufficient for accurate characterization of transparent objects. Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and system for Mueller Matrix polarimetric characterization of transparent object using optical properties along with the polarization properties to accurately characterize the transparent object. The polarization properties of are derived from a decomposed Mueller matrix element. Additionally, the method derives the optical properties by further subjecting the decomposed Mueller matrix element to Fresnel’s law-based analysis and a reverse Monte Carlo analysis to extract optical properties such as a material refractive index and a material attenuation index. Optical properties vary with changes in the material property caused due to several factors such as manufacturing defect, aberration, inclusion of an impurity such as bubble or dust etc.

Abstract: Fluids are normally transported from one place to another through pipelines. It is essential to monitor the pipeline to avoid leakage or theft. It is expensive and not feasible to install cameras and sensors along the whole length of the pipeline. A system and method for inspecting and detecting fluid leakage in a pipeline has been provided. The system is using vibration sensors along with pressure sensors to detect the leakage or theft along with the exact location of the leakage or theft. The pressure sensors are mounted on the pipeline so that the fluid touches the diaphragm of the pressure sensors to sense the wave generated due to leakage. The vibration sensors are mounted on top of the pipeline surface and on the nearby ground to eliminate general noise conditions. Moreover, two pressure sensors are also installed at opposite sides to pinpoint the leakage location.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to selection of optimum channel in twin radars for efficient detection of cardiopulmonary signal rates. State-of-the-art solutions involve use of IQ (In-phase and Quadrature) channel radar which need continuous calibration. Distance of the radar from a subject being monitored affects performance. The present disclosure enables enhanced cardiopulmonary signal rate monitoring using a time domain approach, wherein only the data from signal reflected off the radar is considered. The solution is also time window adaptive. Signal property and radar physics-based methods have been implemented for selecting an optimum channel in twin radars thereby enhancing detection of respiration rate and breath rate.

Abstract: Lighting conditions affect quality of images being captured. In traditional systems, illuminators (light sources) are used to illuminate the objects without considering illumination levels at different zones/sides of an object being photographed. As a result, all illuminators may run at maximum capacity, resulting in wastage of power and compromising efficiency of the system. The disclosure herein generally relates to illumination of objects, and, more particularly, to a method and system for adaptive illumination of objects. The system determines illumination at different zones of the object, and further identifies zones that are not illuminated properly in comparison with a threshold of illumination.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provide a method and system for a non-invasive mechanism providing simultaneous determination of viscosity-temperature variation of a lubricant for predicting machine health using a Photo Acoustic (PA) sensing mechanism, Laser-enabled swept frequency acoustic interferometry (LE-SFAI), wherein the lubricant produces acoustic wave only if it absorbs the laser irradiation, thus overcomes the limitation of ultrasound based SFAI through optical absorption based contrast and proper selection of laser excitation wavelength. A PA signal received from the lubricant is processed by a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA), then converted to time domain to obtain normalized first peak that corresponds to the PA signal generated by the lubricant. A squared rise time of the first peak is indicative of viscosity of the liquid and shift in the first peak is indicative of variation of the viscosity as temperature of the lubricant varies.

Abstract: Use of Swept Frequency Acoustic Interferometry (SFAI) is becoming ubiquitous in taking non-invasive measurements of fluid parameters like sound speed, sound attenuation and density of fluid. But measurement using SFAI is relatively slow as one needs to sweep a wide range of frequencies and for each probing frequency one needs to wait for settling time. Further, SFAI works well only on steady flow as sudden change in fluid flow destroys resonance condition, thereby making it unsuitable for flowing fluid. Present application provides method and system for faster assessment of sound speed in fluids using compressive sensing technique. The system first uses random samples in defined frequency scanning range of frequency sweep signal for generating pseudo analytic signal vector. The system then estimates pulse-echo view by applying compressive sensing technique over pseudo analytic signal vector.

Abstract: The disclosure herein generally relates to the field of determination of cardiopulmonary signals for multi-persons, and, more particularly, to determination of cardiopulmonary signals for multi-persons using in-body signals obtained by ultra-wide band (UWB) radar. The disclosed method determines of cardiopulmonary signals for multi-persons using in-body signals, wherein a UWB radar signals/waves reflected from inside a human body is utilized for efficient determination of cardiopulmonary signals. The disclosed method and system utilize the UWB radar signals to identify a number of persons along with several details about the persons that include a girth of the each identified person and the orientation of the identified person towards the one or more UWB radar. Further a chest wall distance, a breathing rate, a heart wall distance and a heart rate are determined for all the identified persons based on the identified girth and the identified orientation along with the UWB radar signals.

Abstract: In sensor data analytics, physics-based models generate high quality data. However, these models consume lot of time as they rely on physical simulations. On the other hand, generative learning takes much less time to generate data, and may be prone to error. Present disclosure provides system and method for generation of synthetic machine data for healthy and abnormal condition using hybrid of physics based and generative model-based approach. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used for simulating healthy and faulty parts in machinery with set of parameters and pre-condition(s). Small output data from FEA is fed into a generative model for generating synthesized data by learning data distribution knowledge and representing into latent space. Rule engine is built using statistical features wherein realistic bounds serve as faulty data indicators. Synthesized data which does not satisfies features bounds are discarded. Further, AI-based validation framework is used to analyze quality of synthesized data.

Abstract: Ultra Wide Band (UWB) based Real Time Location Systems (RTLS) that are being used for location tracking suffer from due to environment specific errors that are introduced due to factors such as difference in reflection and propagation. The disclosure herein generally relates to object localization, and, more particularly, to a method and system of error modelling for object localization using Ultra Wide Band (UWB) sensors. The error modelling allows the system to correct a determined location of an object being tracked, to determine a corrected location.

Abstract: This disclosure generally relates to the field of structural health monitoring, and, more particularly, to a method and system for evaluating residual life of components made of composite materials. Existing methods require performing computational methods such as Finite Element Analysis (FEA) on the results of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) every time a component is inspected. This makes the process expensive and time-consuming. Thus, embodiments of present disclosure provide a method wherein NDT is performed using different sensing methods such as ultrasound, ultrasound pulse echo, thermography to determine type of defect, location of defect and depth of defect in a test component which are then fed into a pre-trained machine learning model to predict residual life of the component. Testing time is greatly reduced since the pre-trained machine learning model is trained offline using results of the computational methods.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to method and system to track and monitor human using an array of radars. Human tracking is necessarily important in security, especially with the growth of threats and incidents. Conventional systems and method lack in tracking target subject being authenticated to move around the monitoring environment. The present invention provides a method of detect human continually based on radar signals from an array of radars to track the presence of one or more target subjects associated within the monitoring environment. Further, a height surface plot of each target subject present in a radar range is constructed for identification. Then, each target subject present in the radar range of the monitoring environment based on mapping the height surface plot with a predefined height map. The characteristics of each target subject helps in detecting the target subject accurately.

Abstract: Radar based HR and BR measurements by simultaneous decoding is a technical problem due to presence of intermodulation of BR and HR harmonics, which degrades simultaneous decoding. Embodiments herein provide a method and system for unobtrusive liveliness detection and monitoring of a subject using a Dual Frequency Radar (DFR) in an IOT network. The system has the capability to completely process the captured raw signals onboard to by applying required signal conditioning and extraction of relevant information using unique signal processing techniques for determining the HR and the BR of the subject accurately. The intermodulation of BR and HR harmonics is eliminated by the system by performing frequency spectrum averaging of both radars signals, which improves the accuracy. Further, the system is configured with a light MQTT protocol and encoding modules for any data to be shared for off board processing, ensuring data security and privacy compliance.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to Millimeter Wave (MMW) frequency antenna scanning system. Conventional approaches available for scanning an antenna beam over a large angular swath with high directivity are unable to address concerns of size and cost involved. The technical problem of providing an MMW frequency antenna scanning system using a single small size antenna capable of scanning as desired at a desired precision is addressed in the present disclosure. The antenna scanning system provided is an electromechanical system that makes the system cost effective. Computer control provides precision control in beam steering from remote. Use of a metasurface and configuration of a radiating patch and a shorting pin in a microstrip antenna addresses the concern with regards to the size of the antenna scanning system.

Abstract: An e-commerce business model has witnessed several cases where packages with faulty goods, returned by buyers, without procured object, rather replaced by different device. This disclosure relates a method to detect whether object under test a desired object. A plurality of back-scattered signals is received from the object under test occluded by packaging with continuous motion on conveyer based on first antenna-radar combination. The plurality of back-scattered signals is processed by applying four-tap difference filter to obtain motion-filtered data matrix. A low pass filter is applied on the motion-filtered data matrix to obtain enveloped motion-filtered data matrix. A sliding constant false alarm rate is applied on the enveloped motion-filtered data matrix to determine detection threshold value. A check is performed to detect whether the object under test is the desired object based on whether intensity of the plurality back-scattered signals exceeds the detection threshold value.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to methods and systems for real time unobtrusive monitoring of physiological signals of a subject confined to a bed. Output of single channel continuous wave (CW) radars are dependent upon distance of the subject from the radar. Dual channel IQ radars are more accurate but are costly and availability in the market is a constraint. The present disclosure provides a cheap and easily replicable pseudo IQ radar based system. The pseudo IQ radar comprises two CW radars placed at a calibrated distance from each other such that optimum points of one CW radar spatially overlaps null points of the other CW radar and phase imbalance is suppressed. Three such pseudo IQ radars are positioned in a predetermined configuration around the subject being monitored. A Supervised Complex Signal Demodulation (SCSD) method configured to suppress amplitude and DC imbalance is also provided for evaluating the physiological signals.

Abstract: Monitoring vibrations induced on non-rotational components, of a machine is a key requirement to ensure that the machine is well within safe operational limits. Existing approaches are sensor based and may not be practical in many practical scenarios with extreme environments. Embodiments herein provide method and system for monitoring machine health using radar based segregation for induced machine vibrations. The method provides model free a data driven approach wherein a micro Doppler signal captured by the RADAR placed in proximity of a target machine is processed and analyzed in accordance with a Wide Band Frequency Spectrum (WBFS) to estimate a rotational frequency and a translational frequency of induced machine vibrations in the target machine. Further, apply a rule engine on the estimated rotational frequency and the translational frequency to provide an alert notification to an end user when the induced machine vibrations cross the defined machine standards.