Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for controlling carbonation synthesis of silicon and/or aluminium carbonate minerals, wherein the concentration of dissolved silicon and/or aluminium in a mix to be cured is adjusted to at least 1 mmol/1 before curing he mix with gas comprising carbon dioxide (CO2) having a partial pressure of CO2 of at least 0.15 bar. In some embodiments of the isclosure an alkaline substance is added to the raw material to provide the mix where the total concentration of dissolved silicon and/or aluminium of at least 1 mmol/l. The disclosure also relates to a product obtainable by the methods of the disclosure as well as to the use of the product as building material, preferably for producing concrete-like products, more preferably for elements, most preferably for pre-casted elements and to the use of the method in construction industry or for production of elements and/or pre-casted elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating waste material comprising organic components and low and/or medium level radioactive agents. The method comprises encapsulating the waste material into a matrix, gasifying the waste material at a temperature between 600 and 950° C. to form a gaseous fraction and a solid fraction comprising low and/or medium level radioactive agents and combustion residues of the organic components and encapsulating the solid fraction by a geopolymer matrix comprising metakaolin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating waste material comprising organic components and low and/or intermediate level radioactive agents. The method comprises adding material comprising fibers and kaolin to the waste material in order to form a starting material, and gasifying the starting material at a temperature between 600 and 950° C. to form a gaseous fraction and a solid fraction comprising low and/or intermediate level radioactive agents, gasification residues of the organic components and metakaolin. The present invention also relates to a use of mate-rial comprising fibers and kaolin.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an oxidised lignin based high performance surface active agent in techno-economically feasible manner within kraft pulp mill without interfering the main process.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dispersant comprising alkaline-O2 oxidized lignin. Such dispersant may be used for example in inorganic pigments to reduce interactions between pigment particles and lower the viscosity of pigment mixtures, and thereby positively affect for example to the loading of fillers and pigments in paints and coatings, paper and board, constructions materials, printing inks and plastics. Dispersants may also be used in aiding the inorganic pigment grinding in the pigment mine. Another suitable use is as a plasticizer or as a retardant agent for construction materials, such as gypsum.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for oxidizing lignin at alkaline conditions. This oxidized lignin can be used as a dispersant in various end-products, for example as a renewable plasticizer in cement-containing products, such as concrete, where the ability of the oxidized lignin to endure alkaline conditions is an advantage. Further, the invention concerns a concrete mixture containing aggregate, cement, water and a plasticizer formed of oxidized lignin, and a process for producing such a concrete mixture. The oxidized lignin can be manufactured using a process, where the lignin starting material is reacted with an oxidizing agent in solution in alkaline conditions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for oxidizing lignin at alkaline conditions. This oxidized lignin can be used as a dispersant in various end-products, for example as a renewable plasticizer in cement-containing products, such as concrete, where the ability of the oxidized lignin to endure alkaline conditions is an advantage. Further, the invention concerns a concrete mixture containing aggregate, cement, water and a plasticizer formed of oxidized lignin, and a process for producing such a concrete mixture. The oxidized lignin can be manufactured using a process, where the lignin starting material is reacted with an oxidizing agent in solution in alkaline conditions.