Abstract: A method for calculating a velocity model for a subsurface of the earth. The method includes receiving (200) measured seismic data d; calculating (204) predicted seismic data p; selecting (206) a matching filter w that when applied to one of the measured seismic data d or the predicted seismic data p reproduces the other one of the measured seismic data d or the predicted seismic data p; selecting (208) a misfit function J that calculates (1) a distance between the matching filter w and a Dirac Delta function or (2) a travel time shift associated with the measured seismic data; and calculating (218) a new velocity model using the misfit function J, the measured seismic data d, and the predicted seismic data p. The measured seismic data d includes wavefields generated by a seismic source and the wavefields propagate through the subsurface where they are attenuated and reflected, and the attenuated and reflected wavefields are recorded by plural seismic receivers.

Abstract: A method for calculating a velocity model for a subsurface of the earth. The method includes receiving (200) measured seismic data d; calculating (204) predicted seismic data p; selecting (206) a matching filter w that when applied to one of the measured seismic data d or the predicted seismic data p reproduces the other one of the measured seismic data d or the predicted seismic data p; selecting (208) a misfit function J that calculates (1) a distance between the matching filter w and a Dirac Delta function or (2) a travel time shift associated with the measured seismic data; and calculating (218) a new velocity model using the misfit function J, the measured seismic data d, and the predicted seismic data p. The measured seismic data d includes wavefields generated by a seismic source and the wavefields propagate through the subsurface where they are attenuated and reflected, and the attenuated and reflected wavefields are recorded by plural seismic receivers.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for generalized internal multiple imaging (GIMI). In one example, among others, a method includes generating a higher order internal multiple image using a background Green's function and rendering the higher order internal multiple image for presentation. In another example, a system includes a computing device and a generalized internal multiple imaging (GIMI) application executable in the computing device. The GIMI application includes logic that generates a higher order internal multiple image using a background Green's function and logic that renders the higher order internal multiple image for display on a display device. In another example, a non-transitory computer readable medium has a program executable by processing circuitry that generates a higher order internal multiple image using a background Green's function and renders the higher order internal multiple image for display on a display device.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for wavefield extrapolation in anisotropic media. In one example, among others, a method includes determining an effective isotropic velocity model and extrapolating an equivalent propagation of an anisotropic, poroelastic or viscoelastic wavefield. The effective isotropic velocity model can be based upon a kinematic geometrical representation of an anisotropic, poroelastic or viscoelastic wavefield. Extrapolating the equivalent propagation can use isotopic, acoustic or elastic operators based upon the determined effective isotropic velocity model. In another example, non-transitory computer readable medium stores an application that, when executed by processing circuitry, causes the processing circuitry to determine the effective isotropic velocity model and extrapolate the equivalent propagation of an anisotropic, poroelastic or viscoelastic wavefield.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for generalized internal multiple imaging (GIMI). In one example, among others, a method includes generating a higher order internal multiple image using a background Green's function and rendering the higher order internal multiple image for presentation. In another example, a system includes a computing device and a generalized internal multiple imaging (GIMI) application executable in the computing device. The GIMI application includes logic that generates a higher order internal multiple image using a background Green's function and logic that renders the higher order internal multiple image for display on a display device. In another example, a non-transitory computer readable medium has a program executable by processing circuitry that generates a higher order internal multiple image using a background Green's function and renders the higher order internal multiple image for display on a display device.

Abstract: Various examples are provided for wavefield extrapolation in anisotropic media. In one example, among others, a method includes determining an effective isotropic velocity model and extrapolating an equivalent propagation of an anisotropic, poroelastic or viscoelastic wavefield. The effective isotropic velocity model can be based upon a kinematic geometrical representation of an anisotropic, poroelastic or viscoelastic wavefield. Extrapolating the equivalent propagation can use isotopic, acoustic or elastic operators based upon the determined effective isotropic velocity model. In another example, non-transitory computer readable medium stores an application that, when executed by processing circuitry, causes the processing circuitry to determine the effective isotropic velocity model and extrapolate the equivalent propagation of an anisotropic, poroelastic or viscoelastic wavefield.