Abstract: In a powder fabrication step (S1) in this method for producing a silicon carbide singe crystal, a metal material containing at least one of vanadium, niobium, and tungsten is mixed into silicon carbide powder as transition metal atoms for the silicon carbide powder, which is the source or silicon carbide, to produce a sublimation starting material (50). In a purification process step (S2), the sublimation starting material (50) is disposed in a purified graphite crucible (10), and a sublimation/growth step (S3) is carried out. When a growth height for this single crystal such that the donor concentration and acceptor concentration are equal in the single crystal of silicon carbide obtained by growth of sublimated raw material on a seed crystal in the sublimation/growth step (S3) is achieved, nitrogen gas is introduced at 0.5-100 ppm of an inert atmospheric gas.

Abstract: Provided is a linear motor capable of simplifying assembling of a coil unit and stabilizing a coil pitch and the overall length of the coil unit. The linear motor has a rod 1 having magnets 3, a plurality of coils 4 arranged in the axial direction of the rod 1, a housing 2 covering the coils 4, and a coil holder 5 holding the coils 4 in the housing 2. The coil holder 5 includes a holder main body 5a elongating in the coil arrangement direction and a plurality of spacer portions 5b made of resin and each interposed between each adjacent two of the coils 4 to insulate the coils 4 from each other, the spacer portions 5b being formed integrally with the holder main body 5a.

Abstract: An apparatus of a polycarbonate resin having polymerization tanks is provided. In supplying a molten reactant to a liquid phase in a polymerization tank, or supplying the molten reactant to a gas phase in the polymerization tank by an insertion pipe, in at least one polymerization tank, and/or producing a polycarbonate resin by an ester exchange reaction between an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic diester by using three vertical polymerization tanks and one horizontal polymerization tank, a wall surface temperature T of a distillation pipe is set higher than a boiling point t1 of by-produced phenol such that the relationship of the boiling point t1 of the by-produced phenol under a pressure in at least a third vertical polymerization tank, the wall surface temperature T of the distillation pipe and an inner temperature t2 of the third vertical polymerization tank satisfies t1<T?t2.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing plural kinds of aromatic polycarbonates by a melt process without changeover loss and quality deterioration. The present invention relates to a production method of an aromatic polycarbonate, comprising supplying a molten mixture of raw materials of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and/or a carbonic diester prepared in the absence of an ester exchange catalyst to polycondensation steps of two lines each equipped with three vertical reactors connected in series and one horizontal reactor, and at the same time, continuously conducting polycondensation reaction in the presence of an ester exchange catalyst.

Abstract: Provided is a linear synchronous motor in which, when a three-phase alternating current passes through a coil of a mover, thrust forces generated by the alternating currents of each phase are equalized, thereby making it possible to minimize variation in thrust force, the linear synchronous motor including: a stator magnet (4) in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged linearly; and a mover (5) which is opposed to the stator magnet (4) at an interval therefrom, and which generates a shifting magnetic field along with passage of a three-phase alternating current, for applying a thrust force to the stator magnet (4), in which: the mover (5) includes a core member (50) in which teeth (52), the number of which is a whole-number multiple of a number of phases of the alternating currents, are arranged, and a coil (51) which is wound around the teeth (52) and through which the alternating current of any one of the phases passes; and of the plurality of teeth (52) provided to the core member (50), the teet

Abstract: By reviewing a material of a forcer housing and an assembly structure of a coil member with respect to the forcer housing, a thrust force is increased, an optimum shape can be easily given to the forcer housing depending on a purpose of use, and a linear motor can be manufactured at low cost. The linear motor includes a magnet rod composed of a large number of magnetic poles arranged with predetermined pitches along an axial direction and a forcer having a through-hole into which the magnet rod is loosely inserted and reciprocatable relatively to the magnet rod according to an applied electric signal. The forcer is composed of a forcer housing in which the through-hole is defined and a coil member which is arranged on an inner peripheral surface of the through-hole of the forcer housing and to which the electric signal is applied. The forcer housing is formed by mold forming with an insulating nonmetal inorganic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production apparatus of a polycarbonate resin in which generation of adherents or foreign matters in a polymerization tank is reduced, and a production method of a polycarbonate resin in which crystallized foreign matters or burned foreign matters are reduced, by melt method.

Abstract: Provided is a linear motor capable of simplifying assembling of a coil unit and stabilizing a coil pitch and the overall length of the coil unit. The linear motor has a rod 1 having magnets 3, a plurality of coils 4 arranged in the axial direction of the rod 1, a housing 2 covering the coils 4, and a coil holder 5 holding the coils 4 in the housing 2. The coil holder 5 includes a holder main body 5a elongating in the coil arrangement direction and a plurality of spacer portions 5b made of resin and each interposed between each adjacent two of the coils 4 to insulate the coils 4 from each other, the spacer portions 5b being formed integrally with the holder main body 5a.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drive guide apparatus capable of ensuring an increased lifetime by preventing heat generated from a primary side of a linear motor from being transferred to a rail or a moving member of a guide mechanism to which the primary side of the linear motor is connected, thereby preventing variation of rolling resistance or sliding resistance of the guide mechanism. The drive guide apparatus has a linear motor and a guide mechanism that has a rail and a moving member provided to be movable relative to the rail. A primary side of the linear motor is connected to the rail. Thermal insulators for blocking heat generated from the primary side of the linear motor are provided between the primary side and the rail of the guide mechanism to which the primary side is connected directly or indirectly.

Abstract: Provided is a linear synchronous motor in which, when a three-phase alternating current passes through a coil of a mover, thrust forces generated by the alternating currents of each phase are equalized, thereby making it possible to minimize variation in thrust force, the linear synchronous motor including: a stator magnet (4) in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged linearly; and a mover (5) which is opposed to the stator magnet (4) at an interval therefrom, and which generates a shifting magnetic field along with passage of a three-phase alternating current, for applying a thrust force to the stator magnet (4), in which: the mover (5) includes a core member (50) in which teeth (52), the number of which is a whole-number multiple of a number of phases of the alternating currents, are arranged, and a coil (51) which is wound around the teeth (52) and through which the alternating current of any one of the phases passes; and of the plurality of teeth (52) provided to the core member (50), the teet

Abstract: By reviewing a material of a forcer housing and an assembly structure of a coil member with respect to the forcer housing, a thrust force is increased, an optimum shape can be easily given to the forcer housing depending on a purpose of use, and a linear motor can be manufactured at low cost. The linear motor includes a magnet rod composed of a large number of magnetic poles arranged with predetermined pitches along an axial direction and a forcer having a through-hole into which the magnet rod is loosely inserted and reciprocatable relatively to the magnet rod according to an applied electric signal. The forcer is composed of a forcer housing in which the through-hole is defined and a coil member which is arranged on an inner peripheral surface of the through-hole of the forcer housing and to which the electric signal is applied. The forcer housing is formed by mold forming with an insulating nonmetal inorganic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drive guide apparatus capable of ensuring an increased lifetime by preventing heat generated from a primary side of a linear motor from being transferred to a rail or a moving member of a guide mechanism to which the primary side of the linear motor is connected, thereby preventing variation of rolling resistance or sliding resistance of the guide mechanism. The drive guide apparatus has a linear motor and a guide mechanism that has a rail and a moving member provided to be movable relative to the rail. A primary side of the linear motor is connected to the rail. Thermal insulators for blocking heat generated from the primary side of the linear motor are provided between the primary side and the rail of the guide mechanism to which the primary side is connected directly or indirectly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drive guide apparatus capable of ensuring an increased lifetime by preventing heat generated from a primary side of a linear motor from being transferred to a rail or a moving member of a guide mechanism to which the primary side of the linear motor is connected, thereby preventing variation of rolling resistance or sliding resistance of the guide mechanism. The drive guide apparatus has a linear motor and a guide mechanism that has a rail and a moving member provided to be movable relative to the rail. A primary side of the linear motor is connected to the rail. Thermal for blocking heat generated from the primary side of the linear motor are provided between the primary side and the rail of the guide mechanism to which the primary side is connected directly or indirectly.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having: an image forming portion to form an image on a sheet; a fixing device to fix the image to the sheet by heating; a conveying path switching member to switch a conveying direction of the sheet, which is provided on downstream of the fixing device in a sheet conveying direction; a first conveying path which has a first curved portion and is provided on downstream of the conveying path switching member; a second conveying path which has a second curved portion and is provided on downstream of the conveying path switching member; a curl applying member which is provided on downstream of the fixing device, and on upstream of the first and second curved portions; and a control unit to control driving of the conveying path switching member and of the curl applying member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having: an image forming portion to form an image on a sheet; a fixing device to fix the image to the sheet by heating; a conveying path switching member to switch a conveying direction of the sheet, which is provided on downstream of the fixing device in a sheet conveying direction; a first conveying path which has a first curved portion and is provided on downstream of the conveying path switching member; a second conveying path which has a second curved portion and is provided on downstream of the conveying path switching member; a curl applying member which is provided on downstream of the fixing device, and on upstream of the first and second curved portions; and a control unit to control driving of the conveying path switching member and of the curl applying member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drive guide apparatus capable of ensuring an increased lifetime by preventing heat generated from a primary side of a linear motor from being transferred to a rail or a moving member of a guide mechanism to which the primary side of the linear motor is connected, thereby preventing variation of rolling resistance or sliding resistance of the guide mechanism. The drive guide apparatus has a linear motor 10 and a guide mechanism 14 that has a rail 18 and a moving member (moving block 15) provided to be movable relative to the rail 18. A primary side 11 of the linear motor 10 is connected to the rail 18 or the moving member (moving block 15) of the guide mechanism 14.

Abstract: A wafer employing a silicon carbide sintered body is provided. The density of the silicon carbide sintered body is 2.9 g/cm.sup.3 or more. The silicon carbide sintered body is obtained by sintering a mixture in which silicon carbide powder and a non-metal-based sintering additive are mixed uniformly. The non-metal-based sintering additive is formed of an organic compound which generates carbon upon heating or the like. As a result, a wafer with excellent heat resistance and acid resistance and which causes little contamination is provided.

Abstract: A silicon carbide sintered body according to the present invention is a silicon carbide sintered body having a density of 2.9 g/cm.sup.3 or higher, obtained by means of hot pressing a mixture of silicon carbide powder and a non-metal-based sintering additive such as an organic compound which produces carbon upon heating at a temperature of 2,000.degree. C. to 2,400.degree. C. and under a pressure of 300 to 700 kgf/cm.sup.2 in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. It is preferable that the silicon carbide powder have an average particle diameter of from 0.01 to 10 .mu.m and that the non-metal sintering additive be a resol type phenol resin. The present invention is to provide a silicon carbide sintered body of high quality which has a high density, a high purity, and a high electrical conductivity and which is useful for semiconductor manufacturing industry.

Abstract: A part for an ion implantation device employing a silicon carbide sintered body is provided. The density of the silicon carbide sintered body is 2.9 g/cm.sup.3 or more. The silicon carbide sintered body is obtained by sintering a mixture in which silicon carbide powder and a non-metal-based sintering additive are mixed uniformly. The non-metal-based sintering additive is formed of an organic compound which generates carbon upon heating or the like. As a result, a part for an ion implantation device with excellent heat resistance and ion resistance and which causes little contamination is provided.

Abstract: A charging device for electrically charging a photoconductor drum includes a charging member adapted to be placed in contact with the drum and an element for applying voltage between the charging member and the drum. The charging member has a microhardness of 1-65 degrees at its surface in contact with the drum or at least a surface layer of the charging member in contact with the drum is formed of a polyurethane which is prepared from liquid MDI as an isocyanate component and a polyol.