Abstract: A transparent conductive film is disposed on the light-transmitting region of the windshield. A first electrode portion and a second electrode portion are arranged to face each other in a vertical direction of a vehicle. A third electrode portion and a fourth electrode portion are arranged to face each other in a direction crossing the vertical direction of the vehicle. A control device is capable of implementing multiple energization modes. In a first mode among the plurality of energization modes, one of the first electrode portion and the second electrode portion is set to a high potential and the other is set to a low potential, or one of the third electrode portion and the fourth electrode portion is set to a high potential and the other is set to a low potential.

Abstract: A film heater has a transparent conductive portion including: at least one non-conductive portion that has electrical insulation properties and extends in a direction intersecting a vibration direction of an electric field included in a radio wave transmitted from a radio wave transmitter-receiver; and a heat generator that generates heat by being energized and that transmits light. The film heater has: a first electrode connected to the heat generator; and a second electrode connected to the heat generator. The heat generator includes at least one conductive portion that is adjacent to the non-conductive portion and generates heat by a current flowing along a direction in which the non-conductive portion extends when the heat generator is energized by the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A film heater includes a transparent conductive film and first and second electrodes. The transparent conductive film includes a heat generating portion that generates heat when energized by the first and second electrodes. An outer edge of the heat generating portion has a short side, a long side, and first and second oblique sides. The first and second electrodes include a plurality of first and second connection portions corresponding to a plurality of first and second ports, respectively. A plurality of first and second current suppression portions is disposed to suppress flow of the current between the inside and outside of the heat generating portion through a region between the plurality of first and second ports, respectively. For each of some or all of the plurality of first ports, the current flows through the heat generating portion between the first port and at least two second ports.

Abstract: A heater device includes a light transmissive film heater configured to apply to an optical window that is arranged adjacent to a sensor unit for detecting light and includes a detection surface having a light transmitting property, and including a heating portion heating the optical window, and a heat generating portion configured to generate heat in a predetermined region. The light transmissive film heater includes a first electrode arranged radially outside about a center line of the detection surface in the heating portion, a second electrode arranged in the heating portion so as to interpose the detection surface from both sides together with the first electrode, and a first heat generation region that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode generated by energization from the first electrode to the second electrode via the heating portion.