Abstract: A device includes a first side interconnect structure over a first side of a substrate, wherein active circuits are in the substrate and adjacent to the first side of the substrate, a dielectric layer over a second side of the substrate, a pad embedded in the dielectric layer, the pad comprising an upper portion and a bottom portion formed of two different materials and a passivation layer over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A device includes a first side interconnect structure over a first side of a substrate, wherein active circuits are in the substrate and adjacent to the first side of the substrate, a dielectric layer over a second side of the substrate, a pad embedded in the dielectric layer, the pad comprising an upper portion and a bottom portion formed of two different materials and a passivation layer over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A device includes a first side interconnect structure over a first side of a substrate, wherein active circuits are in the substrate and adjacent to the first side of the substrate, a dielectric layer over a second side of the substrate, a pad embedded in the dielectric layer, the pad comprising an upper portion and a bottom portion formed of two different materials and a passivation layer over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method includes depositing a dielectric layer over a substrate, patterning the dielectric layer to form a first opening and a second opening, wherein a width of the second opening is greater than a width of the first opening, forming a first metal layer over the dielectric layer, wherein a planar surface of the first metal layer in the second opening is lower than a top surface of the dielectric layer, forming a second metal layer in a conformal manner over the first metal layer, wherein a material of the first metal layer is different from a material of the second metal layer and applying a polishing process to the first metal layer and the second metal layer until the dielectric layer is exposed.

Abstract: A device includes a first side interconnect structure over a first side of a substrate, wherein active circuits are in the substrate and adjacent to the first side of the substrate, a dielectric layer over a second side of the substrate, a pad embedded in the dielectric layer, the pad comprising an upper portion and a bottom portion formed of two different materials and a passivation layer over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an interlayer dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first photo-sensitive dielectric layer formed over the interlayer dielectric layer, wherein the first photo-sensitive dielectric layer comprises a first metal structure and a second photo-sensitive dielectric layer formed over the first photo-sensitive dielectric, wherein the second photo-sensitive dielectric layer comprises a second metal structure having a bottom surface coplanar with a top surface of the first metal structure.

Abstract: A method includes depositing a dielectric layer over a substrate, patterning the dielectric layer to form a first opening and a second opening, wherein a width of the second opening is greater than a width of the first opening, forming a first metal layer over the dielectric layer, wherein a planar surface of the first metal layer in the second opening is lower than a top surface of the dielectric layer, forming a second metal layer in a conformal manner over the first metal layer, wherein a material of the first metal layer is different from a material of the second metal layer and applying a polishing process to the first metal layer and the second metal layer until the dielectric layer is exposed.

Abstract: Methods of making and an integrated circuit device. An embodiment method includes patterning a first polymer layer disposed over a first copper seed layer, electroplating a through polymer via in the first polymer layer using the first copper seed layer, a via end surface offset from a first polymer layer surface, forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer, the second polymer layer patterned to expose the via end surface, and electroplating an interconnect in the second polymer layer to cap the via end surface using a second copper seed layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first side interconnect structure comprising a first metal line and a pad formed in the dielectric layer, wherein the pad comprises a bottom portion formed of a first conductive metal and an upper portion formed of a second conductive metal, and wherein sidewalls of the upper portion are surrounded by the bottom portion and a top surface of the pad is coplanar with a top surface of the first metal line and a passivation layer formed over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first side interconnect structure comprising a first metal line and a pad formed in the dielectric layer, wherein the pad comprises a bottom portion formed of a first conductive metal and an upper portion formed of a second conductive metal, and wherein sidewalls of the upper portion are surrounded by the bottom portion and a top surface of the pad is coplanar with a top surface of the first metal line and a passivation layer formed over the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first side interconnect structure comprising a first metal line and a pad formed in the dielectric layer, wherein the pad comprises a bottom portion formed of a first conductive metal and an upper portion formed of a second conductive metal, and wherein sidewalls of the upper portion are surrounded by the bottom portion and a top surface of the pad is coplanar with a top surface of the first metal line and a passivation layer formed over the dielectric layer, wherein the first metal line is embedded in the passivation layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an interlayer dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first photo-sensitive dielectric layer formed over the interlayer dielectric layer, wherein the first photo-sensitive dielectric layer comprises a first metal structure and a second photo-sensitive dielectric layer formed over the first photo-sensitive dielectric, wherein the second photo-sensitive dielectric layer comprises a second metal structure having a bottom surface coplanar with a top surface of the first metal structure.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first side interconnect structure comprising a first metal line and a pad formed in the dielectric layer, wherein the pad comprises a bottom portion formed of a first conductive metal and an upper portion formed of a second conductive metal, and wherein sidewalls of the upper portion are surrounded by the bottom portion and a top surface of the pad is coplanar with a top surface of the first metal line and a passivation layer formed over the dielectric layer, wherein the first metal line is embedded in the passivation layer.

Abstract: Methods of making and an integrated circuit device. An embodiment method includes patterning a first polymer layer disposed over a first copper seed layer, electroplating a through polymer via in the first polymer layer using the first copper seed layer, a via end surface offset from a first polymer layer surface, forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer, the second polymer layer patterned to expose the via end surface, and electroplating an interconnect in the second polymer layer to cap the via end surface using a second copper seed layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an interlayer dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first metallization layer formed over the interlayer dielectric layer, wherein the first metallization layer comprises a first metal line and a dielectric layer formed over the first metallization layer, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a metal structure having a bottom surface coplanar with a top surface of the first metal line.

Abstract: Methods of making and an integrated circuit device. An embodiment method includes patterning a first polymer layer disposed over a first copper seed layer, electroplating a through polymer via in the first polymer layer using the first copper seed layer, a via end surface offset from a first polymer layer surface, forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer, the second polymer layer patterned to expose the via end surface, and electroplating an interconnect in the second polymer layer to cap the via end surface using a second copper seed layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises an interlayer dielectric layer formed on a first side of a substrate, a first metallization layer formed over the interlayer dielectric layer, wherein the first metallization layer comprises a first metal line and a dielectric layer formed over the first metallization layer, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a metal structure having a bottom surface coplanr with a top surface of the first metal line.