Abstract: To enable a low profile for a toilet, and provide more universal toilet installation.

Abstract: A flush toilet 1 has a toilet flushing tank device 7 for discharging flushing water to a toilet bowl 2. This tank device is built into a tank storage region 5 to the rear of the toilet bowl 2, and comprises a flushing water tank 8 and a jet pump 13 disposed submerged in this flushing water tank 8. Flushing water (operating water) is supplied to this jet pump 13 via a flush valve 11 and a pipe 12 downstream from this valve. The jet pump 13 comprises a spray nozzle 131 and a throat 132 opposite thereto. Because the jet pump 13 is connected directly to a pipe 14, all of the flushing water jetted from the jet pump 13 passes directly to the pipe 14, and is guided by this pipe 14 to a rim water channel 4b.

Abstract: A ceramic article such as a sanitary pottery ware is produced by slip casting using a porous composite mold. A green ceramic body of a part such as a trap of sanitary ware is separately formed in advance by, for example, slip casting. The green ceramic body is placed in the mold cavity of the porous composite mold. Then, a slip as the material of the main part of the sanitary ware is supplied into the mold cavity to form deposit integral with the green ceramic body, whereby an integral sanitary ware is obtained by slip casting.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a method for controlling the preheating zone of a tunnel kiln which includes firing and cooling zones. The method comprises forcedly blowing air from the entire ceiling portion of the preheating zone in the downward direction to diffuse hot combustion gas present in the upper portion and to reducing a difference in temperature between the upper and lower portions of the preheating zone. Air may be blown into the preheating zone at a flow rate determined from the quantity of the combustion gas within the preheating zone.

Abstract: A gypsum mold having good water absorbing properties, which is suitable for cast molding pottery, can be prepared by stirring a mixture of hemihydrate gypsum cooled to -40.degree. to 5.degree. C. and water to form a slurry of gypsum in water having a temperature of -5.degree. to 10.degree. C., pouring it into a water-impermeable mold, maintaining it therein until the setting reaction thereof is completed and then releasing the set product from the mold.