Abstract: A battery use system includes a battery removably mounted on an electric power device, a charging device configured to charge the battery, and a server configured to communicate with the charging device. The charging device is configured to transmit the identification information of the battery accommodated in the accommodation unit to the server via a first communicator and control charging of the battery and/or detachment of the battery on the basis of reception information received by the first communicator from the server. The server is configured to determine whether or not the charging of the battery and/or the detachment of the battery accommodated in the accommodation unit are available on the basis of the identification information received by a second communicator from the charging device and provision information provided from an information provider and transmit transmission information on an availability determination result to the charging device via the second communicator.

Abstract: A battery charging system includes a battery removably mounted on an electric power device using electric power, a charging device configured to charge the battery using renewable power which is electric power generated from renewable energy, and a server configured to communicate with the charging device. The charging device is configured to control charging of the battery accommodated in an accommodation unit on the basis of reception information received from the server. The server is configured to compare receivable power, which is the renewable power capable of being received by the charging device, with a threshold value and configured to transmit transmission information for causing the charging device to control the charging of the battery to the charging device on the basis of a result of comparing the receivable power with the threshold value.

Abstract: A battery charging system includes a battery removably mounted on an electric power device using electric power, a charging device configured to charge the battery using renewable power which is electric power generated from renewable energy, and a server configured to communicate with the charging device. The charging device is configured to control charging of the battery accommodated in an accommodation unit on the basis of reception information received from the server. The server is configured to compare receivable power, which is the renewable power capable of being received by the charging device, with a threshold value and configured to transmit transmission information for causing the charging device to control the charging of the battery to the charging device on the basis of a result of comparing the receivable power with the threshold value.

Abstract: A battery use system includes a battery removably mounted on an electric power device, a charging device configured to charge the battery, and a server configured to communicate with the charging device. The charging device is configured to transmit the identification information of the battery accommodated in the accommodation unit to the server via a first communicator and control charging of the battery and/or detachment of the battery on the basis of reception information received by the first communicator from the server. The server is configured to determine whether or not the charging of the battery and/or the detachment of the battery accommodated in the accommodation unit are available on the basis of the identification information received by a second communicator from the charging device and provision information provided from an information provider and transmit transmission information on an availability determination result to the charging device via the second communicator.

Abstract: A charge potential distributed over a vehicle body resulting from the contact, separation, and friction between a tire and a road surface is detected by a detecting unit provided with a sensing electrode that is disposed on the external surface of the vehicle body, a reference electrode that is disposed apart from the external surface of the vehicle body with a space therebetween, and a sensor amplifier that senses a potential between the sensing electrode and the reference electrode as a signal and amplifies the signal. And the amplitude of the charge potential detected by the detecting unit is monitored by a data processing unit, thereby making it possible to accurately identify not only the state of the road surface but also an internal pressure state of the tire, a wear state of the tire, and the like during vehicular travel.

Abstract: A discharge control apparatus in an electric motorcycle includes a main battery; a motor driven based upon electric power supplied from the main battery and a lighting device that is a load other than the motor for consuming electric power. A BMU determines a remaining capacity of the main battery. A control member performs a discharge control of the main battery for supplying electric power to the motor and the lighting device. The BMU and the control member allow the discharge of the main battery until the remaining capacity becomes a threshold value higher than zero. When the control member receives an instruction of checking a deterioration state of the main battery from an external checking device, the control member performs a discharge of the main battery until the remaining capacity reaches zero, and then, allows the main battery to be fully charged so as to determine a chargeable capacity.

Abstract: A discharge control apparatus in an electric motorcycle includes a main battery; a motor driven based upon electric power supplied from the main battery and a lighting device that is a load other than the motor for consuming electric power. A BMU determines a remaining capacity of the main battery. A control member performs a discharge control of the main battery for supplying electric power to the motor and the lighting device. The BMU and the control member allow the discharge of the main battery until the remaining capacity becomes a threshold value higher than zero. When the control member receives an instruction of checking a deterioration state of the main battery from an external checking device, the control member performs a discharge of the main battery until the remaining capacity reaches zero, and then, allows the main battery to be fully charged so as to determine a chargeable capacity.

Abstract: A driver circuit for generating a driving pulse signal to activate a vibrating element includes a half-bridge circuit formed essentially of first and second switching devices to which drive signals are supplied through a driver interface. A driving voltage is supplied to a source of the first switching device, a drain of the second switching device is grounded, and an output terminal of the half-bridge circuit is connected to the vibrating element. The half-bridge circuit is controlled such that the two switching devices alternately turn ON. When the first switching device is ON, the driving voltage is supplied as the driving pulse signal to the vibrating element, and when the second switching device is ON, the vibrating element and the second switching device together form a low-impedance closed loop. As the switching devices are caused to alternately turn ON at specific intervals, the vibrating element vibrates at a natural resonant frequency, transmitting thereby an ultrasonic signal.

Abstract: An engine starting apparatus with an antitheft function enables rapid and secure starting of a kick-started engine. The engine starting apparatus includes an immobilizer CPU and an ignition CPU, which cooperate to enable authorized engine startup and to prevent unauthorized access. The immobilizer CPU outputs a permission signal if an authentication code from the outside corresponds to a reference code in a vehicle, but outputs an inhibition signal if the authentication code and the reference code fail to correspond. When a starting pedal is kicked, the ignition CPU begins to energize the engine's ignition system, in response to a predetermined engine starting instruction, before the input reference code is verified. If proper authentication is verified by the permission signal, the ignition CPU continues to allow normal engine starting procedure. If the inhibition signal is received from the immobilizer CPU, the ignition CPU interrupts the normal procedure and inhibits engine starting.

Abstract: A resistance member (e.g., fuel holding portion of the lower tie plate) is provided at the lower end of the fuel assembly. Provision is made of a coolant ascending path in which said water rods have coolant inlet ports that are open in a region lower than the resistance member to upwardly guide the coolant, and a coolant descending path which has a coolant delivery port that is open in a region higher than the resistance member to downwardly guide the coolant. The coolant ascending path and the coolant descending path are communicated with each other at their upper end portions.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio setting section sets a target air-fuel ratio KCMD according to the conditions of an engine. An air-fuel ratio correction coefficient calculating section calculates an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient KAF for controlling the air-fuel ratio wherein a detected air-fuel ratio KACT detected by a LAF sensor is converged to the target air-fuel ratio KCMD. A lower limit section constrains the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient KAF so as not to underrun the lower limit value. An upper limit section constrains the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient KAF so as not to exceed the upper limit value. A basic fuel injection time determining section calculates a basic fuel injection time TIM. A fuel injection time calculating section calculates a fuel injection time TOUT based on the target air-fuel ratio KCMD, the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient KAF, the basic fuel injection time TIM or the like, and various engine parameters.

Abstract: An engine starting apparatus with an antitheft function enables rapid and secure starting of a kick-started engine. The engine starting apparatus includes an immobilizer CPU and an ignition CPU, which cooperate to enable authorized engine startup and to prevent unauthorized access. The immobilizer CPU outputs a permission signal if an authentication code from the outside corresponds to a reference code in a vehicle, but outputs an inhibition signal if the authentication code and the reference code fail to correspond. When a starting pedal is kicked, the ignition CPU begins to energize the engine's ignition system, in response to a predetermined engine starting instruction, before the input reference code is verified. If proper authentication is verified by the permission signal, the ignition CPU continues to allow normal engine starting procedure. If the inhibition signal is received from the immobilizer CPU, the ignition CPU interrupts the normal procedure and inhibits engine starting.

Abstract: A fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine can obtain an optimum fuel injection quantity in response to a traveling load without the need for a large memory. The gear position discrimination unit determines the present gear position Ngp on the basis of the vehicle speed Vpls and the engine speed NE. The Kgpd calculation unit calculates the correction factor by gear Kgpd on the basis of the gear position Ngp and the engine speed NE. The state judgment unit judges whether the engine is in a steady state or in a transient state. The map selection unit selects, on the basis of the judgment result of the engine state, the PB map or the TH map for determining the basic injection quantity Ti. The basic injection quantity determination unit determines the basic injection quantity Ti on the basis of a product of the PB map or TH map and the correction factor by gear Kgpd.

Abstract: A rotation-angular-position detecting apparatus of a rotor is capable of confirming an angular position of a rotation of the rotor within a relatively short period of time following a start of the rotation. The rotation-angular-position detecting apparatus includes a second rotor which rotates in a rotation interlocked with a first rotor with a plurality of first detection members formed at equal intervals in a rotational direction of the first rotor at a predetermined speed ratio with respect to the first rotor, and has a plurality of second detection members formed at unequal intervals in a rotational direction of the second rotor. A second pickup is provided for generating a second detection signal when sensing the proximity of any one of the second detection members on the second rotor.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine in which fuel injection valves are arranged upstream from and downstream from the throttle valve, respectively, the response of the accelerated increase in quantity and correction will be improved. The total injection quantity determination unit determines a total quantity of fuel to be injected from each fuel injection valve. The injection rate determination unit determines an injection rate of the upstream injection valve. The injection quantity correction unit includes an accelerated increase in quantity and correction unit, and during acceleration, increases and corrects only the injection quantity of the downstream injection valve during acceleration.

Abstract: A driver circuit for generating a driving pulse signal to activate a vibrating element includes a half-bridge circuit formed essentially of first and second switching devices to which drive signals are supplied through a driver interface. A driving voltage is supplied to a source of the first switching device, a drain of the second switching device is grounded, and an output terminal of the half-bridge circuit is connected to the vibrating element. The half-bridge circuit is controlled such that the two switching devices alternately turn ON. When the first switching device is ON, the driving voltage is supplied as the driving pulse signal to the vibrating element, and when the second switching device is ON, the vibrating element and the second switching device together form a low-impedance closed loop. As the switching devices are caused to alternately turn ON at specific intervals, the vibrating element vibrates at a natural resonant frequency, transmitting thereby an ultrasonic signal.

Abstract: A fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine can obtain an optimum fuel injection quantity in response to a traveling load without the need for a large memory. The gear position discrimination unit determines the present gear position Ngp on the basis of the vehicle speed Vpls and the engine speed NE. The Kgpd calculation unit calculates the correction factor by gear Kgpd on the basis of the gear position Ngp and the engine speed NE. The state judgment unit judges whether the engine is in a steady state or in a transient state. The map selection unit selects, on the basis of the judgment result of the engine state, the PB map or the TH map for determining the basic injection quantity Ti. The basic injection quantity determination unit determines the basic injection quantity Ti on the basis of a product of the PB map or TH map and the correction factor by gear Kgpd.

Abstract: In an international combustion engine in which fuel injection valves are arranged upstream from and downstream from the throttle valve, respectively, the response of the accelerated increase in quantity and correction will be improved. The total injection quantity determination unit determines a total quantity of fuel to be injected from each fuel injection valve on the upstream and downstream sides. The injection rate determination unit determines an injection rate of the upstream injection valve. The correction factor calculation unit calculates a total correction factor. The injection quantity correction unit includes an accelerated increase in quantity and correction unit, and during acceleration, increases and corrects only the injection quantity of the downstream injection valve during acceleration.

Abstract: In a cylindrical transducer constructed of a plurality of ultrasonic transducer arrays arranged in a circular form, the ultrasonic transducer arrays is divided into a plurality of groups, and tilt angles of transmitting and receiving beams are controlled to compensate for swing motions of the cylindrical transducer depending on which group the individual ultrasonic transducer arrays belong. Provided that the uncompensated tilt angle of the beam is a and the angle of inclination of the cylindrical transducer in a particular direction is b, the tilt angle of the beam formed by a transducer array in the inclining direction should be adjusted to &agr;−&bgr; and the tilt angle of the beam formed by a transducer array in the opposite direction should be adjusted to &agr;+&bgr;.

Abstract: To enable accurate detection of the alternative ambient pressure when the correction of fuel supply is carried out by the used of the value of the ambient pressure substituted by the negative pressure in the inlet pipe. The difference between the calculated alternative ambient pressure and the estimated ambient pressure (offset) is set as a plurality of functions of the number of engine revolutions and the throttle opening, and stored in the area determination section with a plurality of areas divided by each offset value. In which area the condition of the engine resides is determined from the number of engine revolution and the throttle opening and the offset corresponding to the area is supplied. The calculation section calculates the calculation base value by the use of the negative pressure PB and the offset.