Abstract: In an optical lens for use in an optical information recording and reproducing apparatus conducting at least one of recording information on an optical recording medium and reproducing of information recorded on the optical recording medium, by converging light on the optical recording medium, the optical lens includes: lens surfaces provided on both sides of the optical lens; and an antireflection coating provided on the lens surface on at least one side thereof. Thickness of the antireflection coating on a peripheral portion of the lens surface is greater than that of the antireflection coating provided on a center portion of the lens surface.

Abstract: In an optical lens used for a passing light having the maximum intensity on a wavelength (&lgr;T) of 780±10 nm, an optical is made such that a reflection preventing coating is provided on both or at least one of a light-incident surface (S1) and a light-outgoing surface (S2) and the following conditional formula is satisfied: R2(&lgr;R)>R1(&lgr;R), where R1(&lgr;R) and R2(&lgr;R) are a reflectance of said respective surfaces for light having a wavelength (&lgr;R) falling within a range from 500 to 700 nm.

Abstract: A surface treating method of forming a coating layer on a base material, comprising conducting a plasma processing under an atmospheric pressure for the base material so as to form a coating layer on the base material having at least one of a curved surface and an uneven surface.

Abstract: A method of producing a half mirror film on a substrate having a light transmissive property, comprising steps of: electrically discharging between electrodes facing each other under an atmospheric pressure or an approximate atmospheric pressure so as to make an reactive gas on a plasma state; and exposing a substrate to the reactive gas on the plasma state so as to form a half mirror film on the substrate.

Abstract: In an optical lens for use in an optical information recording and reproducing apparatus conducting at least one of recording information on an optical recording medium and reproducing of information recorded on the optical recording medium, by converging light on the optical recording medium, the optical lens includes: lens surfaces provided on both sides of the optical lens; and an antireflection coating provided on the lens surface on at least one side thereof. Thickness of the antireflection coating on a peripheral portion of the lens surface is greater than that of the antireflection coating provided on a center portion of the lens surface.

Abstract: In an optical lens used for a passing light having the maximum intensity on a wavelength (&lgr;T) of 780±10 nm, an optical is made such that a reflection preventing coating is provided on both or at least one of a light-incident surface (S1) and a light-outgoing surface (S2) and the following conditional formula is satisfied: R2(&lgr;R)>R1(&lgr;R), where R1(&lgr;R) and R2(&lgr;R) are a reflectance of said respective surfaces for light having a wavelength (&lgr;R) falling within a range from 500 to 700 nm.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave attenuating transparent member includes; a transparent base material, and a plurality of structural layers including at least one transparent conductive layer. Sheet resistivity of the electromagnetic wave attenuating transparent member is 100 &OHgr;/cm2 or less, and the plurality of structural layers include a first layer and a second layer which is provided to be farther than the first layer from the transparent base material, and has density which is higher than that of the first layer.

Abstract: In an optical member having a coating for reducing a ray reflecting on the coating and for reducing an electromagnetic wave incident on the coating, the optical member includes: a transparent substrate; and the coating including, and formed on the transparent substrate in the order named from the transparent substrate, a first light transmitting thin layer having a high refractive index, a first light transmitting thin layer having a low refractive index, a second light transmitting thin layer having a high refractive index, a second light transmitting thin layer having a low refractive index. At least one of the first light transmitting thin layer having the high refractive index and the second light transmitting thin layer having the high refractive index is a transparent conductive layer having a sheet resistivity of 100 .OMEGA./.quadrature. or less.

Abstract: An optical member includes a synthetic resin substrate: and an antireflection film including at least a mixture film composed of tantalum oxide (Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5) and titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2), and a film having a refractive index lower than that of the mixture film. The antireflection film is coated on the synthetic resin substrate.

Abstract: A conductive laminate comprising a substrate (2), an intermedaite layer (3) provided on the substrate (2) and made of an amorphous metallic or semi-metallic oxide, and a transparent conductive layer (4) provided on the intermediate layer (3) and made of a crystalline metal or metallic oxide. The material of the conductive layer (4) is a member selected from among Au, Pd, Cr, Ni, SnO.sub.2, In.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZnO, TiO.sub.2, CdO, CdO--SnO.sub.2, and ITO. The material of the intermediate layer (3) is a member selected from among SnO.sub.2, ITO, SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The thickness of the conductive layer (4) is 200 to 10,000 .ANG.. The thickness of the intermediate layer (3) is 80 to 300 .ANG..

Abstract: A filter medium for filtration of a fluid to flow therethrough from an upstream side to a downstream side thereof, said filter medium comprising a substrate having a density gradient wherein the density is high on the upstream side and low on the downstream side of the substrate.

Abstract: The transparent conductive layer-built-up material based on the present invention, since it is of the construction that, in a transparent conductive layer-built-up material comprising a base having thereon at least a transparent conductive layer comprised principally of an oxidized product, the transparent conductive layer has on the obverse side thereof a metal or a surface layer containing a metal oxide whose oxidation rate is lower than the intrinsic oxidation rate of the transparent conductive layer, exhibits a high adhesive strength when made adhere to, e.g., the luminescent light-emitting layer of a luminescent display unit and adequately satisfactory sheet resistance and light-transmissivity values, thus showing very excellent characteristics as of a transparent conductive layer-built-up material. Accordingly, if the transparent conductive layer-built-up material based on this invention is used as the transparent conductive layer-built-up material for, e.g.

Abstract: A metal image forming material in which the thin metal layer can be etched in short period to provide a sharp image without a strong etchant is disclosed. Said metal image forming material comprises a support, at least one metal layer and an overlying light sensitive layer. Said metal layer is formed by vapor-depositing a metal on the support at an angle with respect to the surface of the support.

Abstract: A transparent conductive optical device comprising a transparent conductive layer of a metal oxide on a substrate wherein the degree of oxidation of the transparent conductive layer is differentiated depending on the proximity to the substrate so that the degree of oxidation adjacent to the substrate is higher than the rest of the layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing deposition on a substrate wherein the discharger is disposed in an outwardly protruding portion of the vacuum chamber. The discharger is positioned in this outwardly protruding portion so that it is isolated from the evaporation space and directed away from both the substrate and evaporation space. The discharger comprises a gas introduction tube with a discharge electrode surrounding this tube.

Abstract: A method for forming an electrostatic latent image on an image recording medium includes forming a primary electrostatic latent image on a screen-type photosensitive plate, forming a secondary electrostatic latent image on the image recording material by irradiating the same with a charged particle current passed through the screen-type plate carrying the primary latent image, and correcting the secondary latent image on the recording material by irradiating the same with a charged particle current passed through the screen-type plate carrying the primary latent image.

Abstract: A restriction indicator having a contactless switch device for indicating a restriction in filter elements of fluid filters having an intake side and a negative pressure side. The restriction indicator includes a photointerrupter having a light emitting device and a light receiving device. The light receiving device provides an electrical signal indicative of increased negative pressure in the negative pressure side.

Abstract: A liquid development apparatus for developing electrostatic latent images borne on the surface of an image bearing medium. The apparatus comprises leading and trailing squeeze rollers in horizontally spaced relation, means disposed between the squeeze rollers and spaced apart from the surface a short distance for selectively and uniformly applying a plurality of liquid developers and a rinse liquid to the surface, and means disposed at the rear side of the trailing squeeze roller for neutralizing or dissipating the residual charge remaining on the surface after development. These components are all mounted to a carriage adapted for reciprocation relative to the surface so that the electrostatic latent image is successively subject to developing, squeezing, and charging in this order during the movement of the carriage in the forward direction, and it is subject to rinsing during the movement of the carriage in the rearward direction. Such movement is repeated desired times to make a multi-colored print.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic apparatus, there is disclosed a developing device and a rinsing device which use an improved roller. The roller comprises a stationary magnetic member including a plurality of magnetic poles, a non-magnetic rotatable member provided around the magnetic member so as to rotate along the outer periphery of the magnetic member, and a magnetic brush of magnetic particles formed on the outer surface of the rotatable member. By rotation of the rotatable member, the magnetic brush, which is imbued with a developing or rinsing liquid, will feed the liquid to the developing section or the rinsing section.