Abstract: An improved photosensitive member for use in electrophotography which comprises a substrate and a light receiving layer having a charge carrier generation layer and a charge carrier transportation layer composed of a carbonic film the nucleus of which matrix being carbon atom, which contains 40 atomic % or less of hydrogen atom and which possesses an optical band gap of 1.5 eV or more and an electric conductivity of 10.sup.-11 .OMEGA..sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 or less.It is always and substantially stable regardless of the changes in use environments and it enables to make highly resolved images with a clear half-tone which are highly dense and quality at high speed.

Abstract: An improved photosensitive member for use in electrophotography which is characterized by having a substrate and a photoconductive layer comprising a carbonic film, the nucleus of which matrix being carbon atom, which contains 30 atomic % or less of hydrogen atom and at least one selected from the elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table, and which has an optical band gap of more than 1.5 eV and an electrical conductivity of 10.sup.-11 .OMEGA..sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 or less.It is always and substantially stable regardless of the changes in use environments and it enables to make highly resolved images with a clear half-tone which are highly dense and quality at high speed.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus includes a couple of rotatable rollers press-contacted to each other, for fixing a toner image by passing a toner image carrying material carrying the toner image, through a nip formed between the rotatable rollers, at least one of the rollers including a surface coating of anodized aluminum having fine pores filled with perfluoroalkyl compound material.

Abstract: An image recording and/or reproducing apparatus including a recording unit having a recording driving mechanism for recording a plurality of images in the form of electrostatic pattern on different regions of a photosensitive member, a reading unit having a beam source and capable of scanning the photosensitive member by an electron beam so as to convert the recorded pattern into electric signals, and a connecting member for connecting the recording unit and the reading unit without causing any change in the states of these units. This apparatus makes it possible to record and/or to reproduce images with a high image quality. The connecting member includes a container accommodating the recording unit and the reading unit. Alternatively, the connecting member is adapted to keep a portion of the recoding unit and a portion of the reading unit in close contact with each other.

Abstract: A method of charging or discharging a member including the steps of, opposing to a member to be acted, a discharging member having a dielectric member, an inducing electrode and a discharging electrode sandwiching the dielectric member so that the discharging electrode faces the member to be acted, applying an alternative voltage between the inducing electrode and the discharging electrode to produce a surface discharge on a surface of the dielectric member at the discharging electrode side, moving the member to be acted relative to the discharging electrode to charge or discharge the member to be acted by the thus formed surface discharge, ceasing the production of the surface discharge by attenuating both of positive and negative, at the discharging electrode relative to the inducing electrode, components of the alternating voltage at least down to a discharge stopping voltage and then rendering the voltage zero.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording device of transfer system provided with a recording medium having a dielectric layer and an electroconductive substrate is disclosed in which the recording medium has a dielectric layer containing a fluorine-containing block copolymer.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus comprises, in a preferred embodiment, LEDs and image sensors for reading image and location information of an original, another LED and a photo sensor for generating a read start clock, memories for storing the image and location information read by the image sensors in one-to-one correspondence, a transparent sheet with matrix stripes placed on the original to provide the location information of each image information, and a CPU for controlling the operation sequence and detecting a ramp in the reading apparatus.

Abstract: A photoconductive member is provided, which comprises a support and a light receiving layer provided on said support containing an amorphous material comprising silicon atoms as the matrix, the free surface of said light receiving layer having a contact angle with water of 75.degree. or higher.

Abstract: A method of charging or discharging a member including the steps of, opposing to a member to be acted, a discharging member having a dielectric member, an inducing electrode and a discharging electrode sandwiching the dielectric member so that the discharging electrode faces the member to be acted, applying an alternating voltage between the inducing electrode and the discharging electrode to produce a surface discharge on a surface of the dielectric member at the discharging electrode side, wherein width of an area where the surface discharge is produced is substantially equal to width of the inducing electrode, and charging or discharging the member to be acted by the thus formed surface discharge.

Abstract: A discharging device includes first and second electrodes sandwiching therebetween a dielectric member, wherein an alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to produce electric discharge adjacent to the second electrode. The relation between the alternating voltage and a distance between an end surface of the second electrode to a corresponding end of a region where the electric discharge occurs, is so determined that an intermediate saturation property is exhibited. The level of the alternating voltage is set to provide the intermediate saturation property. With such a discharging device, a member is electrically charged or discharged.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus includes a recording member having a surface on which an electrostatic latent image is formed; a recording head, to effect discharging to produce the ions; first bias voltage source for applying a bias voltage to the second electrode; second bias voltage source for applying to the third electrode a bias voltage having the same polarity as that of the bias voltage applied to the second electrodes and having an absolute voltage which is smaller than that of the bias voltage applied to the second electrode. The parameters of the means for so determined that the ions produced by the recording head and moved to the recording surface are controlled so as to provide a high resolution image.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus includes a rotatable transfer member and a plurality of latent image bearing members which are in rolling press-contact with the transfer member at different positions. Around the latent image bearing members, are provided latent image forming devices and devices for developing the latent image. The developed images formed on the respective latent image bearing members are transferred by pressure onto a recording material or onto the transfer member at the respective nips formed between the transfer member and one of the latent image bearing members. With this apparatus, duplex image recording, overprint or superimposing recording, and/or high speed recording can be accomplished.

Abstract: A method of charging or discharging a member including the steps of, opposing to a member to be acted on, a discharging member having a dielectric member, an inducing electrode and a discharging electrode sandwiching the dielectric member so that the discharging electrode faces the member to be acted on, applying an alternating voltage between the inducing electrode and the discharging electrode to produce a surface discharge on a surface of the dielectric member at the discharging electrode side, wherein a charge density of the surface discharge area is changed in the direction of the width of the discharging electrode, and moving the member to be acted on relative to the discharging electrode to be subjected to a low charge density portion and then to a high charge density portion to charge or discharge the member to be acted on by the thus formed surface discharge.

Abstract: In a spinning frame the fiber feed device for each spinning unit is controlled by a separate clutch interposed between a common drive and each unit. The clutches are disengaged during initial start-up and the yarn ends from a previous operation are returned into the spinning chamber. The clutches are then engaged to feed fibers and the yarns are drawn out and taken up on a spool. A breakage detector is provided for each yarn which controls the clutch for each respective fiber feed.

Abstract: A device for forming a transfer tail wind around a bobbin held by a take-up mechanism of a ringless spinning machine such as an open-end spinning machine. The tail wind forming device comprises an auxiliary yarn guide disposed at a position along a yarn passage formed between the delivery roller means and a traverse motion mechanism of the take-up mechanism. The auxiliary yarn guide is provided with a groove for restricting the above-mentioned yarn passage to a position corresponding to an end portion of the bobbin, where the yarn is free from the traverse motion mechanism, when the transfer tail wind is being formed on the bobbin.

Abstract: A method of charging or discharging a member including the steps of, opposing to a member to be acted on, a discharging member having a dielectric member, an inducing electrode and a discharging electrode sandwiching the dielectric member so that the discharging electrode faces the member to be acted on, applying an alternating voltage between the inducing electrode and the discharging electrode to produce a surface discharge on a surface of the dielectric member at the discharging electrode side, wherein a charge density of the surface discharge area is changed in the direction of the width of the discharging electrode, and moving the member to be acted on relative to the discharging electrode to be subjected to a low charge density portion and then to a high charge density portion to charge or discharge the member to be acted on by the thus formed surface discharge.