Abstract: An easily producible electroconductive aromatic polyimide porous film comprising an aromatic polyimide porous film and carbon nanotubes dispersed in the film has a resistance in the thickness direction of 100 m?·cm2 or less and a Gurley air permeation resistance of 300 seconds/100 cc or less and exhibits especially high conductivity and high air permeability as a gas diffusion layer of a membrane-electrode assembly of a fuel cell.

Abstract: A titanium metal production apparatus is provided with (a) a first flow channel that supplies magnesium in a state of gas, (b) a second flow channel that supplies titanium tetrachloride in a state of gas, (c) a gas mixing section in which the magnesium and titanium tetrachloride in a state of gas are mixed and the temperature is controlled to be 1600° C. or more, (d) a titanium metal deposition section in which particles for deposition are arranged so as to be movable, the temperature is in the range of 715 to 1500° C., and the absolute pressure is 50 kPa to 500 kPa, and (e) a mixed gas discharge section which is in communication with the titanium metal deposition section.

Abstract: A device for producing titanium metal comprises (a) a first heating unit that heats and gasifies magnesium and a first channel that feeds the gaseous magnesium, (b) a second heating unit that heats and gasifies titanium tetrachloride so as to have a temperature of at least 1600° C. and a second channel that feeds the gaseous titanium tetrachloride, (c) a venturi section at which the second channel communicates with an entrance channel, the first channel merges into a throat and as a result the magnesium and the titanium tetrachloride combine in the throat and a mixed gas is formed in the exit channel, and in which the temperature of the throat and the exit channel is regulated to be at least 1600° C., (d) a titanium metal deposition unit that communicates with the exit channel and has a substrate for deposition with a temperature in the range of 715-1500° C., and (e) a mixed gas discharge channel that communicates with the titanium metal deposition unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing titanium metal, which comprises: (a) a step in which a mixed gas is formed by supplying titanium tetrachloride and magnesium into a mixing space that is held at an absolute pressure of 50-500 kPa and at a temperature not less than 1700° C.; (b) a step in which the mixed gas is introduced into a deposition space; (c) a step in which titanium metal is deposited and grown on a substrate for deposition; and (d) a step in which the mixed gas after the step (c) is discharged. In this connection, the deposition space has an absolute pressure of 50-500 kPa, the substrate for deposition is arranged in the deposition space, and at least a part of the substrate for deposition is held within the temperature range of 715-1500° C.

Abstract: A titanium metal production apparatus is provided with (a) a first flow channel that supplies magnesium in a state of gas, (b) a second flow channel that supplies titanium tetrachloride in a state of gas, (c) a gas mixing section in which the magnesium and titanium tetrachloride in a state of gas are mixed and the temperature is controlled to be 1600° C. or more, (d) a titanium metal deposition section in which particles for deposition are arranged so as to be movable, the temperature is in the range of 715 to 1500° C., and the absolute pressure is 50 kPa to 500 kPa, and (e) a mixed gas discharge section which is in communication with the titanium metal deposition section.

Abstract: A device for producing titanium metal comprises (a) a first heating unit that heats and gasifies magnesium and a first channel that feeds the gaseous magnesium, (b) a second heating unit that heats and gasifies titanium tetrachloride so as to have a temperature of at least 1600° C. and a second channel that feeds the gaseous titanium tetrachloride, (c) a venturi section at which the second channel communicates with an entrance channel, the first channel merges into a throat and as a result the magnesium and the titanium tetrachloride combine in the throat and a mixed gas is formed in the exit channel, and in which the temperature of the throat and the exit channel is regulated to be at least 1600° C., (d) a titanium metal deposition unit that communicates with the exit channel and has a substrate for deposition with a temperature in the range of 715-1500° C., and (e) a mixed gas discharge channel that communicates with the titanium metal deposition unit.

Abstract: A metal titanium production device comprising: (a) a magnesium evaporation unit in which solid magnesium is evaporated and a first flow path which is communicated with the evaporation unit and through which gaseous magnesium is supplied; (b) a second flow path through which gaseous titanium tetrachloride is supplied; (c) a gas mixing unit which is communicated with the first flow path and the second flow path and in which the gaseous magnesium is mixed with titanium tetrachloride, the absolute pressure is adjusted to 50 to 500 kPa and the temperature is adjusted to 1600° C. or higher; (d) a metal titanium precipitation unit which is communicated with the gas mixing unit and in which a precipitation substrate having at least partially a temperature of 715 to 1500° C. is placed and the absolute pressure is adjusted to 50 to 500 kPa; and (e) a mixed gas discharge unit which is communicated with the metal titanium precipitation unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyamide microparticles, a manufacturing method therefor, an optical film, and a liquid crystal display device using the polyamide microparticles, whereby polarized light can be efficiently converted to non-polarized light that is close to natural light, without accompanying a change in color, and light from a light source can be evenly diffused. The disclosed polyamide microparticles are characterized by including a spherocrystal structure and exhibiting a crystallite size of at least 12 nm, as measured by wide-angle X ray diffraction, and a crystallinity of at least 50%, as measured by DSC. The disclosed optical film is characterized by having a resin layer that contains the aforementioned polyamide microparticles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing titanium metal, which comprises: (a) a step in which a mixed gas is formed by supplying titanium tetrachloride and magnesium into a mixing space that is held at an absolute pressure of 50-500 kPa and at a temperature not less than 1700° C.; (b) a step in which the mixed gas is introduced into a deposition space; (c) a step in which titanium metal is deposited and grown on a substrate for deposition; and (d) a step in which the mixed gas after the step (c) is discharged. In this connection, the deposition space has an absolute pressure of 50-500 kPa, the substrate for deposition is arranged in the deposition space, and at least a part of the substrate for deposition is held within the temperature range of 715-1500° C.

Abstract: Provided are: a manufacturing method for polymer particles, including: mixing a polymer solution, which is obtained by dissolving a polymer in a good solvent, and a polymer non-solvent, which is a non-solvent for the polymer and has compatibility with the good solvent, in a continuous or intermittent manner; and allowing a mixed solution of the polymer solution and the polymer non-solvent to flow down through a tubular body provided substantially vertically, thereby completing the precipitation of polymer particles; and a manufacturing apparatus for polymer particles. The manufacturing method enables the manufacture of polymer particles which have a relatively narrow particle diameter distribution even when the polymer particles are kept in a dispersion solution state.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical filter comprising a crystalline polymer having a spherulite structure, particularly an optical filter comprising porous particles formed of a crystalline polymer in which single particles per se have a spherulite structure. This optical filter can convert linear polarized light to nonpolarized light close to natural light with high efficiency.

Abstract: Polyamide porous spherical particles having a number-average particle diameter of 2 to 30 ?m, a BET specific surface area of 100 to 80,000 m2/kg, and a ratio of a volume-average particle diameter to the number-average particle diameter in the range of 1.52 to 2.50 is reduced in luminous reflectance.

Abstract: Porous spherical particles of polyamide 11 or polyamide 12 can be produced by an industrially advantageous process which comprises the steps of mixing a polyamide solution of polyamide 11 or polyamide 12 dissolved in a phenol compound and a low molecular weight aliphatic alcohol which is a poor solvent for the polyamides but is well compatible with the phenol compound in the presence of a high molecular weight alkylene glycol to prepare a mixture solution having an initial viscosity of 10 mPa·s or more, and allowing the mixture solution to stand, to precipitate polyamide particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical filter comprising a crystalline polymer having a spherulite structure, particularly an optical filter comprising porous particles formed of a crystalline polymer in which single particles per se have a spherulite structure. This optical filter can convert linear polarized light to nonpolarized light close to natural light with high efficiency.

Abstract: Powder composed of fine inorganic compound particles-deposited porous polyamide particles in which the inorganic compound particles are deposited on surfaces and in pores of the porous polyamide particles, the porous polyamide particle have a mean primary particle diameter in the range of 1 to 30 ?m, the fine inorganic compound particles have a mean primary particle diameter in the range of 0.01 to 0.5 ?m, and at least 80% of number of the fine inorganic compound particles contains no strong acidic component shows a high light-scattering property and gives no harmful effect to human body.

Abstract: Polyamide porous spherical particles having a number-average particle diameter of 2 to 30 ?m, a BET specific surface area of 100 to 80,000 m2/kg, and a ratio of a volume-average particle diameter to the number-average particle diameter in the range of 1.52 to 2.50 is reduced in luminous reflectance.

Abstract: A porous polyamide fine powder having been prepared by bringing a non-solvent B for the polyamide into contact with a polyamide solution in which a polyamide is dissolved in a solvent a and containing a remaining solvent A is treated with a poor solvent C which is compatible with the solvent A at least at a temperature of 40° C. or higher at a temperature of 40° C. or higher, whereby the solvent A is extracted out of the porous polyamide fine powder.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition comprising a cosmetic base selected from the group consisting of liquid base, paste base and powder base, a perfume ingredient, and polyamide particles wherein the polyamide particles comprise at least either of the porous polyamide particles of the following (1) and (2) shows satisfactory shape retention on human skin, excellent light-scattering properties to diminish abnormal light reflection on human skin surface, and excellent oil-absorbing properties to effectively absorb lipid oozing from human body when it is applied to human skin: (1) spherical porous polyamide particles having a number average particle diameter of 1 to 30 ?m, a BET specific surface area of 5 m2/g or larger, a boiled linseed oil absorption of 200 mL/100 g or larger, a crystallinity of 40% or higher (measured by DSC), and a ratio of volume average particle diameter/number average particle diameter of 1.0 to 1.

Abstract: Porous spherical particles of polyamide 11 or polyamide 12 can be produced by an industrially advantageous process which comprises the steps of mixing a polyamide solution of polyamide 11 or polyamide 12 dissolved in a phenol compound and a low molecular weight aliphatic alcohol which is a poor solvent for the polyamides but is well compatible with the phenol compound in the presence of a high molecular weight alkylene glycol to prepare a mixture solution having an initial viscosity of 10 mPa·s or more, and allowing the mixture solution to stand, to precipitate polyamide particles.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition comprising a cosmetic base selected from the group consisting of liquid base, paste base and powder base, a perfume ingredient, and polyamide particles wherein the polyamide particles comprise at least either of the porous polyamide particles of the following (1) and (2) shows satisfactory shape retention on human skin, excellent light-scattering properties to diminish abnormal light reflection on human skin surface, and excellent oil-absorbing properties to effectively absorb lipid oozing from human body when it is applied to human skin: (1) spherical porous polyamide particles having a number average particle diameter of 1 to 30 ?m, a BET specific surface area of 5 m2/g or larger, a boiled linseed oil absorption of 200 mL/100 g or larger, a crystallinity of 40% or higher (measured by DSC), and a ratio of volume average particle diameter/number average particle diameter of 1.0 to 1.