Abstract: The signal processing apparatus receives an input acoustic signal, and amplitude-modulates the received input acoustic signal to generate an output acoustic signal having an amplitude change corresponding to a frequency of a gamma wave, and outputs the generated output acoustic signal.

Abstract: An automatic analysis apparatus includes a reading device for reading out element information attached to a dry analysis element. The element information added to the dry analysis element includes reagent type information defining a measuring item and reagent lot information for correcting reagent-lot-specific variations. The reader can read the reagent type information during reading the element information. The automatic analysis apparatus has an error handling function to calculate the analysis result based on pre-obtained analytical information corresponding to the reagent lot and add the a caution mark to the analysis result to attract attention, when the reagent lot information is not read out successfully. For the reagent type with little or no reagent-lot-specific variations, the analysis result is calculated by setting to disregard the reagent lot regardless of the reagent lot information read from the dry analysis element.