Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems that use a photonic crystal (PC) for interference scattering microscopy. Incident light is directed onto a surface of the PC and couples into a photonic crystal guided resonance (PCGR) mode of the PC such that less than 1% of the incident light is transmitted through the PC as transmitted light. One or more particles adjacent to the surface of the PC scatter a portion of the light coupled into the PCGR mode as scattered light. An image comprising a pattern of constructive and destructive interference between the transmitted light and the scattered light is formed, and an image sensor may capture one or more image frames of the image Imaging processing of the one or more image frames can be used to identify at least one scattering center corresponding to at least one particle of the one or more particles.

Abstract: This invention relates to an immunoisolation encapsulation system that protects cellular transplants and thus allows cell function and survival without the need of immunosuppression. The immunoisolation system is a multi-component, multi-membrane capsule that allows optimization of multiple design parameters independently for reproducible functions in large animals models.