Abstract: An energy storing apparatus is provided which comprises: a first region having a thermostat which includes: a temperature sensor; a controller coupled to the temperature sensor; and a power-converter coupled to the controller; and a second region thermally coupled to the first region. An apparatus is provided which comprises: an interface to be coupled to an electric grid; a temperature sensor; a controller coupled to the temperature sensor; and a power-converter coupled to the controller, wherein the power-converter is to couple via passive devices to a heating element, wherein the power-converter is to apply power to the heating element according to a temperature sensed by the temperature sensor and a frequency of the electric grid.

Abstract: An ocean wave energy converter system comprises an armature and a plurality of magnets which move relative to each other in response to ocean waves pushing on a spar and/or float to which the armature and the plurality of magnets are coupled. Components of the system comprise stacked rings and/or radial laminations. The armature can feature a variety of pole tips. Various methods can be used to assemble components from radial laminations. Air gaps in wire coils of the armatures can be filled with one or more materials that selectively alter the magnetic permeability of the wire coils.