Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid. The phenylsilane includes at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent or at least one C1-C3 alkoxy substituent, and the first acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, selenic acid, and telluric acid.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid. The phenylsilane includes at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent or at least one C1-C3 alkoxy substituent, and the first acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, selenic acid, and telluric acid.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid. The phenylsilane includes at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent or at least one C1-C3 alkoxy substituent, and the first acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, selenic acid, and telluric acid.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid. The phenylsilane includes at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent or at least one C1-C3 alkoxy substituent, and the first acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, selenic acid, and telluric acid.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid. The phenylsilane includes at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent or at least one C1-C3 alkoxy substituent, and the first acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, selenic acid, and telluric acid.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid. The phenylsilane includes at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent or at least one C1-C3 alkoxy substituent, and the first acid includes at least one of sulfuric acid, selenic acid, and telluric acid.

Abstract: Inorganic plastic crystal electrolytes, also referred to herein as inorganic plastic crystal conductors or single ion conductors including [ABx-yCy]y?[M]y+, where A is a tetravalent to hexavalent atom; B is a monovalent ligand; C is an oxyanion; M is an alkali metal; x is 4 when A is tetravalent, x is 5 when A is pentavalent, and x is 6 when A is hexavalent; y is an integer from 1 to x?1 inclusive. [ABx-yCy]y?[M]y+ is rotationally disordered and ionically conductive.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4), where x is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, y=4?x, each R present is independently C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy, and M is sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. Methods of making the solid electrolyte include combining a phenylsilane and a first acid to yield mixture including benzene and a second acid, and combining at least one of an alkali halide, and alkali amide, and an alkali alkoxide with the second acid to yield a product d represented by general formula LiySiRx(MO4)y. The second acid may be in the form of a liquid or a solid.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte includes an amorphous silica network and phosphoric acid. The phosphoric acid is contained in the amorphous silica network, and is typically in molecular form. The ratio of silicon to phosphorus in the solid electrolyte is about 1:4, and the silicon is in a four-coordinated state. The solid electrolyte is in the form of a dried (e.g., anhydrous) gel. The solid electrolyte may be used in a fuel cell membrane. Preparing the solid electrolyte includes reacting phosphoric acid in the liquid state with tetrachloride compound including silicon and a displaceable ligand to yield a fluid suspension, heating the fluid suspension to yield a liquid electrolyte comprising a particulate solid, separating the particulate solid from the liquid electrolyte, combining the particulate solid with water to yield a homogenous solution, forming a gel from the homogeneous solution, and removing water from the gel to yield the solid electrolyte.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte formed by reacting phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in the liquid state with silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4), thereby forming a fluid suspension. The fluid suspension is heated to yield a liquid electrolyte including phosphoric acid (H3PO4), pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7), and a particulate solid comprising a silicophosphoric acid, wherein the silicophosphoric acid is an acidic molecular compound including silicon and phosphorus. A concentrated silicophosphoric acid composition prepared by removing most of the liquid from the liquid electrolyte is dissolved in water to yield a homogeneous solution. The homogeneous solution is dried to yield a solid electrolyte. In some cases, the homogenous solution is dried on a substrate to coat at least a portion of the substrate with a proton conductive solid electrolyte. A fuel cell may include the liquid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte, or the coated substrate.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte formed by reacting phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in the liquid state with silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4), thereby forming a fluid suspension. The fluid suspension is heated to yield a liquid electrolyte including phosphoric acid (H3PO4), pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7), and a particulate solid comprising a silicophosphoric acid, wherein the silicophosphoric acid is an acidic molecular compound including silicon and phosphorus. A concentrated silicophosphoric acid composition prepared by removing most of the liquid from the liquid electrolyte is dissolved in water to yield a homogeneous solution. The homogeneous solution is dried to yield a solid electrolyte. In some cases, the homogenous solution is dried on a substrate to coat at least a portion of the substrate with a proton conductive solid electrolyte. A fuel cell may include the liquid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte, or the coated substrate.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte formed by reacting phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in the liquid state with silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4), thereby forming a fluid suspension. The fluid suspension is heated to yield a liquid electrolyte including phosphoric acid (H3PO4), pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7), and a particulate solid comprising a silicophosphoric acid, wherein the silicophosphoric acid is an acidic molecular compound including silicon and phosphorus. A concentrated silicophosphoric acid composition prepared by removing most of the liquid from the liquid electrolyte is dissolved in water to yield a homogeneous solution. The homogeneous solution is dried to yield a solid electrolyte. In some cases, the homogenous solution is dried on a substrate to coat at least a portion of the substrate with a proton conductive solid electrolyte. A fuel cell may include the liquid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte, or the coated substrate.

Abstract: Inorganic plastic crystal electrolytes, also referred to herein as inorganic plastic crystal conductors or single ion conductors including [ABx-yCy]y?[M]y+, where A is a tetravalent to hexavalent atom; B is a monovalent ligand; C is an oxyanion; M is an alkali metal; x is 4 when A is tetravalent, x is 5 when A is pentavalent, and x is 6 when A is hexavalent; y is an integer from 1 to x?1 inclusive. [ABx-yCy]y?[M]y+ is rotationally disordered and electrically conductive.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte formed by reacting phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in the liquid state with silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4), thereby forming a fluid suspension. The fluid suspension is heated to yield a liquid electrolyte including phosphoric acid (H3PO4), pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7), and a particulate solid comprising a silicophosphoric acid, wherein the silicophosphoric acid is an acidic molecular compound including silicon and phosphorus. A concentrated silicophosphoric acid composition prepared by removing most of the liquid from the liquid electrolyte is dissolved in water to yield a homogeneous solution. The homogeneous solution is dried to yield a solid electrolyte. In some cases, the homogenous solution is dried on a substrate to coat at least a portion of the substrate with a proton conductive solid electrolyte. A fuel cell may include the liquid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte, or the coated substrate.