Abstract: A Passive Optical Network (PON) is provided with trunk protection by employing Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) elements in combination with optical couplers at distribution nodes (DN) intermediate a pair of Local Exchange Office Nodes and a customer node. The Local Exchange Office Nodes (LEON) transmitting and receiving signals on an optical fiber loop pair through a WDM with one LEON active and one backup until a failure or cable cut occurs. Each DN drops one wavelength from the downstream loop with an AD/DRWDM and employs an Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) repeater to amplify the downstream signal and an OEO to amplify the upstream signal before insertion onto the upstream loop by the AD/DRWDM. The DN incorporates a second WDM for multiplexing the signals from and into the OEOs and connecting through an optical coupler to multiple user nodes.

Abstract: A Passive Optical Network (PON) is provided with enhance split capability and bandwidth by employing Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) elements in combination with optical couplers at optical distribution nodes (ODN) intermediate a local exchange office node and a customer node. The local exchange office node transmitting and receiving signals from a single optical fiber through a WDM and each customer node connected to one leg of an optical coupler in the ODN with a WDM for received and transmitted signals. Upstream transmission is accomplished with a single wavelength.

Abstract: A Passive Optical Network (PON) is provided with capability for multiple protocols and service suppliers by employing Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) elements in combination with optical couplers at optical distribution nodes (ODN) intermediate a local exchange office and a customer node. The local exchange office node transmitting and receiving signals from a single optical fiber through a WDM providing M/2 wavelength pairs for use with differing protocols and each customer node connected to one leg of an optical coupler in the ODN with a WDM associated with one of the wavelength pairs for received and transmitted signals.