Abstract: A needle comprising a hollow shaft having opposed distal and proximal ends, the hollow shaft having a lumen extending from the proximal end of the shaft and terminating at an opening on a top of and proximal to the distal end of the needle shaft. A cutting surface is at the distal end of the hollow shaft adapted to be inserted into a patient, wherein the cutting surface is on the bottom of the distal end of the hollow shaft.

Abstract: A needle comprising a hollow shaft having opposed distal and proximal ends, the hollow shaft having a lumen extending from the proximal end of the shaft and terminating at an opening on a top of and proximal to the distal end of the needle shaft. A cutting surface is at the distal end of the hollow shaft adapted to be inserted into a patient, wherein the cutting surface is on the bottom of the distal end of the hollow shaft.

Abstract: A needle comprising a hollow shaft having opposed distal and proximal ends, the hollow shaft having a lumen extending from the proximal end of the shaft and terminating at an opening on a top of and proximal to the distal end of the needle shaft. A cutting surface is at the distal end of the hollow shaft adapted to be inserted into a patient, wherein the cutting surface is on the bottom of the distal end of the hollow shaft.

Abstract: A needle comprising a hollow shaft having opposed distal and proximal ends, the hollow shaft having a lumen extending from the proximal end of the shaft and terminating at an opening on a top of and proximal to the distal end of the needle shaft. A cutting surface is at the distal end of the hollow shaft adapted to be inserted into a patient, wherein the cutting surface is on the bottom of the distal end of the hollow shaft.

Abstract: An adjustable retracting oral airway for reversibly establishing a maximum flange-blade dimension of the distal portion of an intra-oral extension with respect to a dental flange. Several alternative extension retraction means coupled to a dental flange are used to establish varying degrees of freedom of motion of the intra-oral extension (including the blade) with respect to the flange. Mating surfaces of the blade extension and the extension retraction means may be frictional or may have positive interlock (as, for example, with ratchet or gear teeth). Living hinges of plastic material are used in low-cost embodiments, including an embodiment having a single wedge-lock hinge. Self-coiling tension members are found in low-profile embodiments allowing mask ventilation with a retracting oral airway in place.