Abstract: An endoscope system includes a nozzle provided at a tip of a tube forming member, communicating with a fluid tube, and injecting a fluid supplied from the fluid tube toward a window part of an endoscope insertion part, a first gas supply tube provided between a gas supply source and the fluid tube and guiding a gas to the fluid tube, a second gas supply tube having a limiting device limiting a pressure or a flow rate of the gas supplied from the gas supply source, the second gas supply tube guiding the gas with the pressure or the flow rate limited by the limiting device to the fluid tube, and a gas switching device provided only to the first gas supply tube between the first and second gas supply tubes and selectively switching between supplying and stopping of the gas to the fluid tube.

Abstract: In a tracing method in which tracing is performed by moving a plurality of tracing heads, each including a spatial optical modulation device and an optics system, in a predetermined direction relative to a tracing surface, changes in the relative positional relationship of the tracing heads arising from changes in the environmental temperature are minimized. A plurality of spatial optical modulation devices 34a, 34b are provided in a single tracing head 30, and the light modulated by the plurality of spatial optical modulation devices 34a, 34b is focused on a tracing surface 12a using common optics systems 36, 37 and 38 to reduce the number of the heads 30.

Abstract: A multibeam exposure method and device are provided. Scan-exposure is carried out in a state in which positions of exposure beam spots, which are projected onto an exposure surface from a section which selectively turns pixels on and off, are divided into blocks, and relative positions between the blocks are shifted by a predetermined amount, and gaps, in a feeding direction, at positions of exposure beam spots exposed at one block, are exposed by plural exposure beam spots at another block.