Abstract: Disclosed herein is a strategy to rapidly synthesize MEX-compatible CP gel from PEDOT:PSS dispersion using Super-Absorbent-Polymers (SAP) beads is reported. Excessive water from the initial 1.3 wt% aqueous dispersion is removed to form a thick paste, followed by controlled re-dispersion in a mixture of water with the secondary dopant DMSO. The final CP ink exhibits superior and highly reproducible printability with an achieved feature size of 250 ?m and layer thickness of 230 ?m. Dry annealing of the printed CP structures provides high electrical conductivity of over 400 S cm?1 while maintaining the intrinsic flexibility of PEDOT:PSS. The developed ink is used to print multi-layered micro-super-capacitors (MSCs) with outstanding electrochemical performance and stability over time. The ability for MEX to effortlessly fabricate complex patterns with 3D structuring is shown to drastically increase the areal energy density of MSCs.

Abstract: An apparatus of the subject technology comprises an electrical interface including at least one first conductive contact and at least one second conductive contact. The first conductive contact(s) and the second conductive contact(s) are configured to include conductive polymer and are formed in an underlying nonconductive matrix.