Abstract: An exine-construct that can be coloured and used as a protection and/or delivery and/or removal vehicle for an active substance, or as an antioxidant. It can be used in a method of surgery, therapy, prevention or diagnosis. The invention provides an exine-construct comprising of exine shells together with an active substance; and a method for preparing the exine-construct by isolating exine shells from a naturally occurring spore and suitably attaching them together.

Abstract: A one-pot procedure to extract a dispersible exine shell. The shell can be used as a protection and/or delivery and/or removal vehicle for active substances or as an antioxidant. The invention provides a formulation containing the dispersible exine shell together with an active substance; and a method for preparing the shell by isolating a dispersible exine shell from a naturally occurring spore or pollen grain by treating the spore or pollen grain with a base or surfactant or both with or without a catalyst in the same reaction vessel.

Abstract: There is described a preservation solution for the preservation of cells, tissues and/or organs, said solution comprising: (i) water for injection; (ii) at least one saccharide; (iii) at least one component with pH buffer properties; (iv) optionally at least one component with calcium transport blocking properties or an anti-calcium action activity; (v) salicylic acid, in free form or in salt form, or aspirin; and (vi) glutamic acid, in free form or in salt form, or glutamine; provided that acetamide is absent and/or if aspirin is present glutamine is absent and if glutamine is present aspirin is absent.

Abstract: There is described a preservation solution for the preservation of cells, tissues and/or organs, said solution comprising: (i) water for injection; (ii) at least one saccharide; (iii) at least one component with pH buffer properties; (iv) optionally at least one component with calcium transport blocking properties or an anti-calcium action activity; (v) salicylic acid, in free form or in salt form, or aspirin; and (vi) glutamic acid, in free form or in salt form, or glutamine; provided that acetamide is absent and/or if aspirin is present glutamine is absent and if glutamine is present aspirin is absent.

Abstract: There is described a preservation solution for the preservation of cells, tissues and/or organs, said solution comprising: (i) water for injection; (ii) at least one saccharide; (iii) at least one component with pH buffer properties; (iv) optionally at least one component with calcium transport blocking properties or an anti-calcium action activity; (v) salicylic acid, in free form or in salt form, or aspirin; and (vi) glutamic acid, in free form or in salt form, or glutamine; provided that acetamide is absent and/or if aspirin is present glutamine is absent and if glutamine is present aspirin is absent.