Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions, and methods of using and making the nutritional compositions, that include calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate and protein. The calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate is in sequestered or ion-exchanged form to reduce the interaction of the calcium with the protein in the nutritional composition and improve the overall stability of the nutritional composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a nutritional powder, a translucent reconstitutable beverage formed therefrom, and methods relating thereto. The nutritional powder and beverage are adapted to include the proper balance of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals appropriate for a pregnant woman. The nutritional compositions further stem the glycemic response and improve glycemia and insulinemia during gestational and lactating periods for preventing or reduce the incidence of glucose intolerance later in life.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to concentrated liquid human milk fortifiers using extensively hydrolyzed casein as a protein source, a stabilizer system comprising octenyl succinic anhydride modified corn starch in combination with a low acyl gellan gum, and the carotenoid lutein.

Abstract: A method of reducing a pathogenic microorganism population in a powdered nutritional food composition is described herein. The powdered nutritional food composition includes a fat, a protein, and a carbohydrate. The method includes forming an emulsion of the powdered nutritional food composition and extruding the emulsified powdered nutritional food composition at a temperature of less than about 100° C. The method produces at least a 5 log reduction in the pathogenic microorganism population in the extruded powdered nutritional food composition. The extruded powdered nutritional food composition has a water activity level of about 0.3 to about 0.95.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments provide low viscosity, high caloric density liquid nutritional compositions. The use of non-micellar milk protein in combination with hydrolyzed caseinate and unique formulation methods allow for improved organoleptic qualities and the production of liquid nutritional compositions displaying low viscosity along with a high caloric density.

Abstract: Extruded nutritional powders and methods of manufacturing the extruded nutritional powders, including extruded infant nutritional powders and extruded adult nutritional powders are provided. The processes utilize an extruder that is capable of internally mixing and emulsifying protein, and optionally, a carbohydrate with fat and water into an emulsion that can be dried into a powder having equivalent fat separation and dispersibility as compared to spray dried powders.

Abstract: A method of producing an emulsion and an extrudate for a powdered nutritional product is provided. The method includes utilizing an extruder (10) that contains a high shear element (32) positioned within the barrel of the extruder (20). The use of a high shear element (32) positioned within the barrel of the extruder (20) allows both emulsification and extrusion of the ingredients to occur within the barrel of the extruder (20). A first portion of ingredients comprising a slurry is processed by the high shear element (32) to form an emulsion. The emulsion is then combined with a second portion of ingredients and extruded to form an extrudate for the desired powdered nutritional product. In some embodiments, the high shear element (32) may comprise a shearing disc or a pair of shearing discs. The extruder (10) may comprise a single screw extruder, a twin screw extruder, or any other suitable type of extruder.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions, and methods of using and making the nutritional compositions, that include calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate and protein. The calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate is in sequestered or ion-exchanged form to reduce the interaction of the calcium with the protein in the nutritional composition and improve the overall stability of the nutritional composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a food product comprising: a formed reduced glycemic response cereal component; and a non-sticky reduced glycemic response sweetener coating over the formed cereal component, the sweetener coating comprising: a first sticky layer comprising at least about 30% fructose (of the total sweetener coating); a second less sticky layer having a DE value of about 60 or less and comprising up to about 17% fructose and at least about 1% non-fructose carbohydrates (of the total sweetener coating); and third layer comprising crystalline fructose. The present invention also provides a process for forming the sweetener coating over the formed cereal component comprising the following steps: (a) providing a formed cereal component having thereon a first sticky layer comprising fructose; (b) forming over the first sticky layer a less stick second layer comprising non-fructose carbohydrates and optionally fructose; and (c) applying crystalline fructose over the second layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of tailoring infant formulas to individual nutrition needs prior to use. The method comprises (A) determining the desired volume and optimal caloric density of a formula to be fed to a preterm or low birth weight infant; (B) obtaining a plurality of base infant formulas, all in liquid form, comprising fat, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals, each of which has an osmolality of from about 200 to about 360 mOsm/kg water and a different caloric density within a range of from about 609 to about 1082 kcal/L; (C) selecting two of the base liquid formulas having a caloric density value above and below the optimal caloric density, (D) calculating the volume of each selected base formula needed to produce the desired volume of an infant formula blend having the optimal caloric density; (E) combining the calculated volumes to produce a an isotonic blend having the desired feeding volume and optimal caloric density. The formula is then fed to the preterm or low birth weight infant.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, including low-calorie beverages or liquids, comprising isoleucine, leucine, valine, cysteine, and methionine, in specified amounts, weight ratios, or both. The compositions are especially useful in treating individuals afflicted with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes.

Abstract: Disclosed are concentrated, liquid, human milk fortifier compositions comprising from about 15% to about 45% by weight of protein, on a dry weight basis, and having a caloric density of from about 1.25 kcauml to about 6.0 kcau/ml, wherein the liquid human milk fortifier composition is added to human milk in a volume-volume ratio of from about 1:3 to about 1:9. These composition include embodiments comprising carbohydrate and fat, that are formulated with improved stability by selecting any one of the following variations: 1) certain whey-casein protein blends, 2) water insoluble calcium-containing materials, 3) protein hydrolysates, and 4) aseptically packaged concentrates. The liquid concentrates are especially useful for providing nutrition to preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units or similar other institutional setting, and to minimize the risk of introducing microbial contaminants such as Enterobacter sakazakii to infant feedings during preparation in such institutional settings.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and corresponding methods for treating fibrocystic breast disease or other breast-related disease or condition. The compositions comprise, per serving or dose, from zero to about 400 ?g selenium, from about 100 mg to about 6000 mg gamma linolenic acid, and about 0.15 mg to about 5 mg iodine, with nutritional embodiments further comprising one or more of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals and providing from about 50 to about 1000 kcal of energy per severing or dose. Also disclosed are in-vitro studies showing that certain combinations of gamma linolenic acid, iodine, and/or selenium may 1) inhibit breast cancer or fibrocystic cell proliferation, 2) reinforce the function of tight junctions of endothelial cells and of mammary epithelial cells in estrogen-sensitive conditions, and 3) reduce the risk of vascular invasion by breast cancer cells.

Abstract: Methods for sequentially removing isoflavones and phytates from an active surface by utilizing an aqueous medium for isoflavone removal and an aqueous medium for phytate removal. The aqueous medium for isoflavone removal contains at least one alcohol and at least one acid. The aqueous medium for phytate removal is either a relatively stronger acidic solution, a basic solution, or with some active surfaces may be an aqueous solution of pH 2-7, which is essentially free of alcohol and organic solvents. The use of the methods disclosed allows sequential isolation of isoflavones and phytates, compounds which may then be utilized in various foods for human consumption.