Abstract: A method and system for forming a part from a workpiece including a hollow portion, using a mandrel and a conventional press such as a stamping press includes filling the hollow portion of the workpiece with a mandrel material and transforming the mandrel material to form a mandrel. The mandrel material is removable from the formed part and may be recycled to form a mandrel for another workpiece.

Abstract: A method and system for forming a part from a workpiece including a hollow portion, using a mandrel and a conventional press such as a stamping press includes filling the hollow portion of the workpiece with a mandrel material and transforming the mandrel material to form a mandrel. The mandrel material is removable from the formed part and may be recycled to form a mandrel for another workpiece.

Abstract: Articles are often formed from a tubular workpiece in a process which does not usefully shape the ends of the tube. In an embodiment of the invention, tube ends may be mechanically reduced in cross section and then expanded against a secondary forming surface(s) using an electromagnetic force to obtain desired shapes for the tube ends and minimize scrapping of workpiece material.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydroforming apparatus for forming a length of tube. A hydroforming press includes an upper platen and a lower plate. A first die set is provided for forming a first lengthwise portion of the tube and a second die set provided adjacent the first die set which forms a second lengthwise portion of the tube. A first pivot acts between a first and second upper die so that the second upper die can be pivotally adjusted on the upper platen relative to the first upper die. A second pivot acts between a first and second lower die so that the second lower die can be pivotally adjusted on the lower platen relative to the first lower die. A die insert is provided having an upper die insert and a lower die insert that define upper and lower insert cavities that connect together the first and second cavity portions of the upper die set and the lower die set. This die insert is removably mounted as needed to accommodate the pivotal adjustment between the first and second die sets.

Abstract: A system for hydroforming a workpiece containing fluid at elevated pressure includes a die in which the workpiece is formed, a source of control pressure, a tank at low pressure, and a valve that includes a displaceable control element that alternately moves between an open state and a closed state, opening and closing, respectively, a passage that hydraulically connects the fluid in the workpiece and the tank in response to the relative magnitudes of a first force applied to the control element by the control pressure source and a second force applied to the control element by pressure of the fluid in the workpiece acting on the control element in opposition to the first force.

Abstract: Articles are often formed from a tubular workpiece in a process which does not usefully shape the ends of the tube. In an embodiment of the invention, tube ends may be mechanically reduced in cross section and then expanded against a secondary forming surface(s) using an electromagnetic force to obtain desired shapes for the tube ends and minimize scrapping of workpiece material.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydroforming apparatus for forming a length of tube. A hydroforming press includes an upper platen and a lower plate. A first die set is provided for forming a first lengthwise portion of the tube and a second die set provided adjacent the first die set which forms a second lengthwise portion of the tube. A first pivot acts between a first and second upper die so that the second upper die can be pivotally adjusted on the upper platen relative to the first upper die. A second pivot acts between a first and second lower die so that the second lower die can be pivotally adjusted on the lower platen relative to the first lower die. A die insert is provided having an upper die insert and a lower die insert that define upper and lower insert cavities that connect together the first and second cavity portions of the upper die set and the lower die set. This die insert is removably mounted as needed to accommodate the pivotal adjustment between the first and second die sets.

Abstract: A system for hydroforming a workpiece containing fluid at elevated pressure includes a die in which the workpiece is formed, a source of control pressure, a tank at low pressure, and a valve that includes a displaceable control element that alternately moves between an open state and a closed state, opening and closing, respectively, a passage that hydraulically connects the fluid in the workpiece and the tank in response to the relative magnitudes of a first force applied to the control element by the control pressure source and a second force applied to the control element by pressure of the fluid in the workpiece acting on the control element in opposition to the first force.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for piercing a hole in a work piece suitable for hydroforming applications is provided. The apparatus includes first and second die portions forming a die cavity for the work piece. Each die includes a punch cavity generally perpendicular to the work piece. One of the punch cavities has a slug capturing area. A punch with an angular cutting face can be moved within a cross passage created by the punch cavities to impact the work piece. The angular cutting face of the punch has a larger surface area than the punch body, which results in expanding slugs pierced from the work piece. The slug capturing area is configured with a cross-sectional area smaller than the surface area of the angular cutting face.

Abstract: A hydroform seal assembly includes a seal housing and an annular nozzle carried by the seal housing and sized to insert into a tube end. A first actuator moves the seal housing to insert the nozzle. A plurality of jaws are carried by the seal housing and are movable radially inward into clamping engagement with the tube to clamp the tube onto the annular nozzle. A cam bushing is movably mounted within the seal housing, surrounds the jaws, and has cam surfaces complimentary with cam surfaces provided on the jaws so that movement of the cam bushing relative the jaws will cam the jaws radially inward. A backup cam is movable within the seal housing. The cam bushing and backup cam have complimentary cam surfaces by which movement of the backup cam will forcibly move the cam bushing relative the seal housing. A second actuator moves the backup cam.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for hydroshearing and hydrotrimming for a hydroforming die includes a cutting insert fixed relative to the hydroforming die. The apparatus and method also includes a disposable insert fixed relative to the hydroforming die. The apparatus and method further includes a plunger movable relative to the hydroforming die to allow fluid within a tubular member to force a wall portion of the tubular member outward against the plunger and be sheared in the hydroforming die to trim the tubular member.

Abstract: A method for forming a ceramic layer on the surface of a turbine component. This method comprises the following steps: (a) providing a turbine component having a surface; (b) providing at least one ceramic tape overlaying the component surface; and (c) manually pressing the at least one ceramic tape against the component surface at a temperature of from about 150° to about 700° F. (from about 66° to about 371° C.) so as to cause the at least one ceramic tape to adhere to the component surface.

Abstract: A clamp assembly for a hydroforming die includes a stationary lower bed to support a lower die half of the hydroforming die, a stationary upper bed spaced above the lower bed, at least one guide post extending between the lower bed and the upper bed, a movable slide disposed between the upper bed and the lower bed and movable along the at least one guide post to support an upper die half of the hydroforming die, a lifting cylinder operatively connected to the movable slide to move the movable slide and upper die half toward and away relative to the lower die half, at least one link mechanism connected to the upper bed and the movable slide to equalize a force on the hydroforming die, and at least one linkage cylinder operatively connected to the at least one link mechanism to activate the at least one link mechanism to prevent the movable slide and upper die half from moving away from the lower die half to keep the hydroforming die closed during a hydroforming process.

Abstract: A lightweight low-cost pressure plate for use in a friction clutch assembly that is fabricated of sheet metal stampings and includes an annular U-shaped member providing a friction surface, the U-shaped member opening on the side opposite the friction surface to receive one or more diagonally or radially oriented stiffening members that provide a fulcrum edge for a Belleville spring acting to bias the clutch assembly into the clutch engaged position.