Abstract: A fire suppression composition comprises CF3I and CO2, wherein said CF3I is present in an amount of from 23 mol. % to 39 mol. %, based on the total moles of CF3I and CO2 present in the fire suppression composition. Alternatively, the fire suppression composition comprises CF3I and CO2, wherein said CF3I is present in an amount of from 53 mol. % to 85 mol. %, based on the total moles of CF3I and CO2 present in the fire suppression composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fire suppression agent composition including CF3I and an additional fire suppression agent selected from the group consisting of HFC-23, HFC-125, HFC-227ea, dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one (Novec 1230), and HCFO-1233zd(E), wherein the fire suppression agent composition passes the FAA aerosol can test.

Abstract: A fire and/or overheated condition detector for a lithium ion battery is provided. The fire and/or overheated condition detector includes a chamber defining a detection space fluidly communicative with an interior of the lithium ion battery, a temperature sensor operably disposed proximate to the detection space, gas detection assemblies configured to detect gases through absorption in the detection space and a smoke detection assembly configured to detect particle scattering in the detection space to discriminate smoke particles from nuisance particles.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for protection of a lithium ion battery. The system includes a first light source and a first optical guide including first and second ends. The first optical guide is in optical communication with the light source at the first end of the first optical guide. A first material is disposed on an exterior surface of the first optical guide in fluid communication with an exterior surface of the lithium ion battery. The first material is optically responsive to a first gas indicative of an overheat condition or combustion of the lithium ion battery. A first light detector is in optical communication with the second end of the first optical guide.

Abstract: Provided are embodiments for a system for validating a smoke detection layout, where the system includes a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to receive one or more inputs, model transport and dispersion of smoke to a smoke detector of an environment based on the one or more inputs, wherein the model is based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) function, and select a subset of input parameters from the one or more inputs to test. The processor is also configured to test the smoke detection system layout using the selected subset of input parameters, determine an alarm time probability using uncertainty quantifications for the selected subset of input parameters, and provide the alarm time probability and confidence level for the selected subset parameters. Also provided are embodiments for a method to validate a smoke detection system layout.

Abstract: An aircraft engine fire extinguishing system includes a supply housing for containing a fire extinguishing agent. Also included is a line for routing the fire extinguishing agent from the supply housing. Further included is a nozzle structure operatively coupled to the line, the nozzle structure having a non-circular opening for expelling the fire extinguishing agent.

Abstract: A fire suppression method and system in an aircraft involves a pressurized first-stage agent, and a pressurized second-stage agent. The first-stage agent or the second-stage agent includes trifluoromethyl iodide (CF3I). A plurality of outlets discharge the first-stage agent during a first duration and the second-stage agent during a second duration. An opening of each of the plurality of outlets is located in a lower quarter of a height of a cargo compartment.

Abstract: A fire and/or overheated condition detector for a lithium ion battery is provided. The fire and/or overheated condition detector includes a chamber defining a detection space fluidly communicative with an interior of the lithium ion battery, a temperature sensor operably disposed proximate to the detection space, gas detection assemblies configured to detect gases through absorption in the detection space and a smoke detection assembly configured to detect particle scattering in the detection space to discriminate smoke particles from nuisance particles.

Abstract: A roller head for a skin treatment device configured to drive the roller head by an electro-mechanical mechanism; a surface of the roller head comprises at least one peak, the at least one peak is arranged so that, when in use, a first surface of the peak contacts with the skin with when the roller head rotated in a clockwise direction and a second surface of the peak contacts with the skin with when the roller head rotated in an anticlockwise direction wherein the first surface differs from the second surface and the first surface is configured to provide a first benefit and the second surface is configured to provide a second benefit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fire suppression, comprising: detecting with a sensor a fire stimulus in an environment surrounding the sensor; initiating a first discharge into the surrounding environment, wherein the first discharge comprises an inert gas, carbon dioxide, or any combination(s) thereof; and subsequent to initiating of the first discharge, initiating a second discharge into the surrounding environment, wherein the second discharge comprises a halocarbon.

Abstract: A system for fire suppression having a fuel tank inerting system configured to produce an inert gas mixture, a water source, and a low pressure misting nozzle directed into a cargo hold. The low pressure misting nozzle is configured to produce a mist solution using the inert gas mixture and water.

Abstract: A safety assembly provided with an automatic fire extinguisher system includes an engagement member, a blocking member, and an extension member. The engagement member is slidably received within an outlet port of a valve housing. A blocking member having a first blocking member portion and a second blocking member portion is at least partially received within a cavity defined by the valve housing. The extension member extends between the engagement member and the blocking member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fire suppressant system for an aircraft having: a source of a fire suppressant; a tubing system for delivering the fire suppressant to one or more predetermined locations; and a discharge nozzle disposed in the one or more predetermined locations, the discharge nozzle connected to the tubing system for distributing the fire suppressant in the one or more predetermined locations during a fire, the discharge nozzle including a plurality of nozzle heads including a first nozzle head with a first flow area and a second nozzle head with a second flow area that differs from the first flow area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fire suppression composition including CF3I, an anti-freeze compound, and an odorant compound, wherein the anti-freeze compound and the odorant compound are radical scavengers.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for protection of a lithium ion battery. The system includes a first light source and a first optical guide including first and second ends. The first optical guide is in optical communication with the light source at the first end of the first optical guide. A first material is disposed on an exterior surface of the first optical guide in fluid communication with an exterior surface of the lithium ion battery. The first material is optically responsive to a first gas indicative of an overheat condition or combustion of the lithium ion battery. A first light detector is in optical communication with the second end of the first optical guide.

Abstract: A thermal sensor and a method of making a thermal sensor is disclosed. The thermal sensor includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a composition between the first and second electrodes. The composition includes solid particles of a state-changing material that transitions at a threshold temperature between solid and liquid states having different electrical conductivities.

Abstract: Provided are embodiments for a system for designing a layout for a smoke detection system, the system include a storage medium, the storage medium being coupled to a computing engine. The computing engine is configured to receive one or more inputs, model transport and dispersion of smoke in an environment based on the one or more inputs, wherein the model is based on a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) function, and detect the smoke using a plurality of probes. The computing engine is also configured to define a layout of the smoke detectors based on the smoke detectors being able to detect the smoke in the environment, and provide a map of the smoke detectors for the layout. Also provided are embodiments for a method to design a layout for a smoke detection system.

Abstract: Provided are embodiments for a system for validating a smoke detection layout, where the system includes a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to receive one or more inputs, model transport and dispersion of smoke to a smoke detector of an environment based on the one or more inputs, wherein the model is based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) function, and select a subset of input parameters from the one or more inputs to test. The processor is also configured to test the smoke detection system layout using the selected subset of input parameters, determine an alarm time probability using uncertainty quantifications for the selected subset of input parameters, and provide the alarm time probability and confidence level for the selected subset parameters. Also provided are embodiments for a method to validate a smoke detection system layout.

Abstract: A fire and/or overheated condition detector for a lithium ion battery is provided. The fire and/or overheated condition detector includes a chamber defining a detection space fluidly communicative with an interior of the lithium ion battery, a temperature sensor operably disposed proximate to the detection space, gas detection assemblies configured to detect gases through absorption in the detection space and a smoke detection assembly configured to detect particle scattering in the detection space to discriminate smoke particles from nuisance particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sensor for detecting temperature of an aircraft. The sensor comprises a temperature sensor elongated with respect to an axis. The temperature sensor comprises a sheath elongated with respect to the axis. The temperature sensor comprises a central conductor disposed within the sheath and elongated with respect to the axis having a conductor material defining a conductor temperature coefficient having a conductor coefficient magnitude. The temperature sensor comprises an optical fiber disposed within the sheath. The temperature sensor comprises a thermistor disposed within the sheath and surrounding the central conductor, the thermistor having thermistor material defining a thermistor temperature coefficient defining a thermistor coefficient magnitude greater than the conductor coefficient magnitude.